The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection.
Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.
The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.
Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically.
Infection of the KIDNEY with species of MYCOBACTERIUM.
Liquid by-product of excretion produced in the kidneys, temporarily stored in the bladder until discharge through the URETHRA.
Narrow pieces of material impregnated or covered with a substance used to produce a chemical reaction. The strips are used in detecting, measuring, producing, etc., other substances. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Inflammation of the VULVA. It is characterized by PRURITUS and painful urination.
A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY STONES.
The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).
Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.
Esterases are hydrolase enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds, converting esters into alcohols and acids, playing crucial roles in various biological processes including metabolism and detoxification.
Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.
An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities.
Techniques used in studying bacteria.
Incorrect diagnoses after clinical examination or technical diagnostic procedures.
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
The utilization of drugs as reported in individual hospital studies, FDA studies, marketing, or consumption, etc. This includes drug stockpiling, and patient drug profiles.
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Urinary infection in children in general practice: a laboratory view. (1/55)

Children with urinary infection present at first to their general practitioners; paediatricians to whom they may be referred must assess the validity of the bacteriological diagnosis made at that time. With this in mind an analysis has been made of the laboratory findings in 2204 mid-stream urine specimens from 1586 children between the ages of two and 12 years examined at the request of their general practitioners during the course of one year. The contamination rate was shown to be low; 8% of the specimens from boys and 19% of those from girls showed definite infection, and the ratio of infections in boys to girls was 1:4. There was a considerable difference in the infecting organisms in the sexes. Analysis of the reasons for sending the specimens revealed that a high percentage of children who complained of urinary symptoms did not have infection. Of the children complaining of enuresis only there was a significantly greater incidence of infection in girls than in boys. In the absence of any large studies of urinary infection in domiciliary practice, data from a laboratory which serves many practitioners can contribute to knowledge of the disease.  (+info)

Anterior urethral valve in an adolescent boy. (2/55)

A 14 year old boy with a relatively uncommon anterior urethral valve is described herein.  (+info)

A prospective study of asymptomatic bacteriuria in sexually active young women. (3/55)

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in young women, but little is known about its pathogenesis, natural history, risk factors, and temporal association with symptomatic urinary tract infection. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 796 sexually active, nonpregnant women from 18 through 40 years of age over a period of six months for the occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (defined as at least 10(5) colony-forming units of urinary tract pathogens per milliliter). The women were patients at either a university student health center or a health maintenance organization. Periodic urine cultures were taken, daily diaries were kept, and regularly scheduled interviews were performed. Escherichia coli strains were tested for hemolysin, the papG genotype, and the ribosomal RNA type. RESULTS: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (the proportion of urine cultures with bacteriuria in asymptomatic women) was 5 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 4 percent to 6 percent) among women in the university group and 6 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 5 percent to 8 percent) among women in the health-maintenance-organization group. Persistent asymptomatic bacteriuria with the same E. coli strain was rare. Symptomatic urinary tract infection developed within one week after 8 percent of occasions on which a culture showed asymptomatic bacteriuria, as compared with 1 percent of occasions when asymptomatic bacteriuria was not found (P<0.001). Asymptomatic bacteriuria was associated with the same risk factors as for symptomatic urinary tract infection, particularly the use of a diaphragm plus spermicide and sexual intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic bacteriuria in young women is common but rarely persists. It is a strong predictor of subsequent symptomatic urinary tract infection.  (+info)

Evaluation of the accuracy of leukocyte esterase testing to detect pyuria in young febrile children: prospective study. (4/55)

OBJECTIVE: To study the accuracy and clinical application of the dipstick leukocyte esterase test in the detection of pyuria in young febrile children suspected to have urinary tract infection. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS: Urine samples were taken from 215 children younger than 2 years who were suspected to have urinary tract infection (fever without an obvious focus of infection). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The accuracy of the dipstick leukocyte esterase test in detecting significant pyuria defined as a leukocyte count >or=10 mm(3) (>or=0.01 x 10(9) /L). RESULTS: Two hundred and fifty-four urine samples collected by bag, midstream clean-catch, suprapubic bladder aspiration, or urethral catheterization were examined. Using urine microscopy results as a reference, the sensitivity and specificity of the leukocyte esterase test in detecting significant pyuria were found to be 72.0% and 85.8%, respectively; the positive and negative predictive values were 55.4% and 92.6%, respectively; and the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 5.1 and 0.3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The dipstick leukocyte esterase test cannot accurately detect pyuria in young febrile children. It is also not appropriate as a screening test to exclude pyuria, reduce the need for the microscopic examination of urine, or indicate when a hospital admission for probable urinary tract infection is needed.  (+info)

Asymptomatic pyuria in diabetic women. (5/55)

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of and the host factors for asymptomatic pyuria (ASP) in women with type 2 diabetes. The study included 179 type 2 diabetic women and consecutive 455 non-diabetic women attending as out-patients in 1996. Patients with symptoms of a urinary tract infection were excluded. ASP was defined as the presence of more than 10 leukocytes/high-power field in a random urine sample. Diabetic women more often had ASP than non-diabetic women (27.9 vs. 15.8%, P<0.001). The prevalence of ASP was significantly increased in patients with a duration of diabetes exceeding 15 years (0 approximately 4 years; 20.3%, 5 approximately 9 years; 24.3%, 10 approximately 14 years; 23.8%, and > or =15 years; 46.3%). No differences were evident in HbA(1C) between diabetic patients without ASP and those with ASP. Diabetic women with ASP more often had diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, and hyperlipidemia than those without ASP. However, no statistically significant differences were evident in the prevalence of hypertension, constipation, or dementia. As the degree of neuropathy increases, it is accompanied by an increasing prevalence of ASP (none, 21.4%; blunt tendon reflexes, 24.5%; symptomatic, 50.0%; and gangrene, 66.6%). The prevalence of ASP was significantly increased in the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (none, 23.2%; background, 29.4%; pre-proliferative, 18.2%; and proliferative, 50.0%). As the degree of nephropathy increases, it is accompanied by an increasing prevalence of ASP (none, 20.0%; microalbuminuria, 31.9%; macroalbuminuria, 37.0%; and renal failure, 60.0%). Thus, the prevalence of ASP is increased in women with diabetes and increased with longer duration of diabetes but was not affected by glucose control. The incidence of ASP increases significantly as diabetic microangiopathy becomes severer.  (+info)

Indinavir-associated interstitial nephritis and urothelial inflammation: clinical and cytologic findings. (6/55)

The objective of the present study was to characterize the genitourinary syndromes that accompany indinavir-associated pyuria. Of 23 indinavir-treated patients with persistent pyuria, 4 had isolated interstitial nephritis, 10 had both interstitial nephritis and urothelial inflammation, 7 had isolated urothelial inflammation, and 2 had pyuria with nonspecific urinary tract inflammation. A total of 21 patients had multinucleated histiocytes identified by cytologic testing of urine specimens. Urine abnormalities resolved in all 20 patients who stopped receiving indinavir therapy. Pyuria continued in the 3 patients who continued receiving indinavir. Six patients had elevated serum creatinine levels, which returned to baseline levels when indinavir was discontinued. In conclusion, indinavir-associated pyuria was frequently associated with evidence of interstitial nephritis and/or urothelial inflammation, multinucleated histiocytes were commonly present in urine specimens, and cessation of indinavir therapy was associated with prompt resolution of urine abnormalities.  (+info)

Use of urinary gram stain for detection of urinary tract infection in childhood. (7/55)

In this study, urinary culture, urinary Gram stain, and four tests within the urinalysis, leukocyte esterase, nitrite, microscopyfor bacteria, and microscopyforpyuria, were examined in 100 children with symptoms suggesting urinary tract infection. Our purpose was to determine the validity of the urinary Gram stain compared with a combination of pyuria plus Gram stain and overall urinalysis (positiveness of nitrite, leukocyte esterase, microscopy for bacteria, or microscopy for white blood cell). Of 100 children, aged two days to 15 years, 70 (70 percent) had a positive urinary culture: 40 girls (57 percent) and 30 boys (43 percent). Escherichia coli was the most common isolated agent. The sensitivity and specificity of the urinary Gram stain were 80 percent and 83 percent, and that of the combination of pyuria plus Gram stain 42 percent and 90 percent, and that of the overall urinalysis 74 percent and 3.5 percent respectively. Our findings revealed that neither method of urine screen should substitute for a urine culture in the symptomatic patients in childhood.  (+info)

Actinobaculum urinale sp. nov., from human urine. (8/55)

A hitherto undescribed Actinomyces-like bacterium was isolated from human urine. Based on its biochemical characteristics, the unidentified bacterium did not correspond to any currently described Actinomyces species or related taxa. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the unknown bacterium exhibits a specific phylogenetic association with the genus Actinobaculum, but a sequence divergence of > 5% from the two currently recognized members of this genus, Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum suis, demonstrates that it represents a distinct species. Based on both phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene sequence considerations, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium from urine should be classified as a novel species, Actinobaculum urinale sp. nov. The type strain of Actinobaculum urinale is CCUG 46093(T) (= CIP 107424(T)).  (+info)

Bacteriuria is a medical term that refers to the presence of bacteria in the urine. The condition can be asymptomatic or symptomatic, and it can occur in various populations, including hospitalized patients, pregnant women, and individuals with underlying urologic abnormalities.

There are different types of bacteriuria, including:

1. Significant bacteriuria: This refers to the presence of a large number of bacteria in the urine (usually greater than 100,000 colony-forming units per milliliter or CFU/mL) and is often associated with urinary tract infection (UTI).
2. Contaminant bacteriuria: This occurs when bacteria from the skin or external environment enter the urine sample during collection, leading to a small number of bacteria present in the urine.
3. Asymptomatic bacteriuria: This refers to the presence of bacteria in the urine without any symptoms of UTI. It is more common in older adults, pregnant women, and individuals with diabetes or other underlying medical conditions.

The diagnosis of bacteriuria typically involves a urinalysis and urine culture to identify the type and quantity of bacteria present in the urine. Treatment depends on the type and severity of bacteriuria and may involve antibiotics to eliminate the infection. However, asymptomatic bacteriuria often does not require treatment unless it occurs in pregnant women or individuals undergoing urologic procedures.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are defined as the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, typically bacteria, in any part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, resulting in infection and inflammation. The majority of UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, but other organisms such as Klebsiella, Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Enterococcus can also cause UTIs.

UTIs can be classified into two types based on the location of the infection:

1. Lower UTI or bladder infection (cystitis): This type of UTI affects the bladder and urethra. Symptoms may include a frequent and urgent need to urinate, pain or burning during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and discomfort in the lower abdomen or back.

2. Upper UTI or kidney infection (pyelonephritis): This type of UTI affects the kidneys and can be more severe than a bladder infection. Symptoms may include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and pain in the flanks or back.

UTIs are more common in women than men due to their shorter urethra, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder. Other risk factors for UTIs include sexual activity, use of diaphragms or spermicides, urinary catheterization, diabetes, and weakened immune systems.

UTIs are typically diagnosed through a urinalysis and urine culture to identify the causative organism and determine the appropriate antibiotic treatment. In some cases, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan may be necessary to evaluate for any underlying abnormalities in the urinary tract.

Pyuria is a medical term that refers to the presence of pus or purulent exudate (containing white blood cells) in the urine. It's typically indicative of a urinary tract infection (UTI), inflammation, or other conditions that cause an elevated number of leukocytes in the urine. The pus may come from the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. Other possible causes include sexually transmitted infections, kidney stones, trauma, or medical procedures involving the urinary tract. A healthcare professional will usually confirm pyuria through a urinalysis and might recommend further testing to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

Urinalysis is a medical examination and analysis of urine. It's used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as diabetes, kidney disease, and liver problems. A urinalysis can also help monitor medications and drug compliance. The test typically involves checking the color, clarity, and specific gravity (concentration) of urine. It may also include chemical analysis to detect substances like glucose, protein, blood, and white blood cells, which could indicate various medical conditions. In some cases, a microscopic examination is performed to identify any abnormal cells, casts, or crystals present in the urine.

Renal tuberculosis (TB) is a type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that occurs when the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium infects and affects the kidneys. It can also spread to other parts of the urinary system, such as the ureters, bladder, or urethra.

In renal TB, the infection typically begins in the renal cortex, where it causes caseous necrosis (formation of areas of tissue death) and granulomas (small clusters of immune cells). Over time, these lesions can lead to scarring, calcification, and destruction of renal tissues.

Symptoms of renal TB may include fever, fatigue, weight loss, flank pain, hematuria (blood in the urine), and sterile pyuria (pus in the urine without evidence of bacterial infection). Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies (such as CT scans or intravenous pyelograms), and laboratory tests (such as urinalysis, acid-fast bacilli smears, and culture).

Treatment of renal TB usually involves a prolonged course of antibiotics (typically 6 to 9 months) using multiple drugs, such as isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Surgery may be necessary in some cases to remove damaged or infected tissues, or to relieve obstructions caused by scarring or calcification.

Urine is a physiological excretory product that is primarily composed of water, urea, and various ions (such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and others) that are the byproducts of protein metabolism. It also contains small amounts of other substances like uric acid, creatinine, ammonia, and various organic compounds. Urine is produced by the kidneys through a process called urination or micturition, where it is filtered from the blood and then stored in the bladder until it is excreted from the body through the urethra. The color, volume, and composition of urine can provide important diagnostic information about various medical conditions.

Reagent strips, also known as diagnostic or test strips, are narrow pieces of plastic material that have been impregnated with chemical reagents. They are used in the qualitative or semi-quantitative detection of various substances, such as glucose, proteins, ketones, blood, and white blood cells, in body fluids like urine or blood.

Reagent strips typically contain multiple pad areas, each with a different reagent that reacts to a specific substance. To perform the test, a small amount of the fluid is applied to the strip, and the reaction between the reagents and the target substance produces a visible color change. The resulting color can then be compared to a standardized color chart to determine the concentration or presence of the substance.

Reagent strips are widely used in point-of-care testing, providing quick and convenient results for healthcare professionals and patients alike. They are commonly used for monitoring conditions such as diabetes (urine or blood glucose levels), urinary tract infections (leukocytes and nitrites), and kidney function (protein and blood).

Vulvitis is a medical condition that refers to the inflammation of the vulva, which is the external female genital area including the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, and the external openings of the urethra and vagina. The inflammation can result from various factors such as infection, allergies, irritants, or skin conditions. Symptoms may include redness, swelling, itching, burning, and pain in the affected area. Treatment for vulvitis depends on the underlying cause and may involve medication, lifestyle changes, or avoidance of irritants.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) is a rare and severe form of chronic pyelonephritis, which is an infection and inflammation of the renal pelvis. In XPN, there is a proliferation of lipid-laden macrophages (also known as xanthoma cells) and other inflammatory cells in the kidney parenchyma, leading to the formation of multiple granulomas.

XPN typically affects middle-aged to older women with underlying urologic abnormalities such as obstructive uropathy, calculi (stones), or chronic urinary tract infections. The condition can be difficult to diagnose and often requires a combination of imaging studies, urinalysis, and histopathological examination of renal tissue.

The clinical presentation of XPN is variable and may include fever, flank pain, weight loss, and symptoms related to urinary tract obstruction or infection. Treatment usually involves antibiotic therapy, surgical removal of the affected kidney (nephrectomy), and management of any underlying urologic abnormalities. If left untreated, XPN can lead to irreversible kidney damage and even sepsis.

Glycosuria is a medical term that refers to the presence of glucose in the urine. Under normal circumstances, the kidneys are able to reabsorb all of the filtered glucose back into the bloodstream. However, when the blood glucose levels become excessively high, such as in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, the kidneys may not be able to reabsorb all of the glucose, and some of it will spill over into the urine.

Glycosuria can also occur in other conditions that affect glucose metabolism or renal function, such as impaired kidney function, certain medications, pregnancy, and rare genetic disorders. It is important to note that glycosuria alone does not necessarily indicate diabetes, but it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition that requires further evaluation by a healthcare professional.

Interstitial nephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation in the interstitium (the tissue between the kidney tubules) of one or both kidneys. This inflammation can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune disorders, medications, and exposure to certain toxins.

The inflammation may lead to symptoms such as hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), decreased urine output, and kidney dysfunction. In some cases, interstitial nephritis can progress to chronic kidney disease or even end-stage renal failure if left untreated.

The diagnosis of interstitial nephritis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests (such as urinalysis and blood tests), and imaging studies (such as ultrasound or CT scan). A kidney biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the inflammation.

Treatment for interstitial nephritis depends on the underlying cause, but may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications, or discontinuation of any offending medications. In some cases, supportive care such as dialysis may be necessary to manage kidney dysfunction until the inflammation resolves.

Esterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in esters, producing alcohols and carboxylic acids. They are widely distributed in plants, animals, and microorganisms and play important roles in various biological processes, such as metabolism, digestion, and detoxification.

Esterases can be classified into several types based on their substrate specificity, including carboxylesterases, cholinesterases, lipases, and phosphatases. These enzymes have different structures and mechanisms of action but all share the ability to hydrolyze esters.

Carboxylesterases are the most abundant and diverse group of esterases, with a wide range of substrate specificity. They play important roles in the metabolism of drugs, xenobiotics, and lipids. Cholinesterases, on the other hand, specifically hydrolyze choline esters, such as acetylcholine, which is an important neurotransmitter in the nervous system. Lipases are a type of esterase that preferentially hydrolyzes triglycerides and plays a crucial role in fat digestion and metabolism. Phosphatases are enzymes that remove phosphate groups from various molecules, including esters, and have important functions in signal transduction and other cellular processes.

Esterases can also be used in industrial applications, such as in the production of biodiesel, detergents, and food additives. They are often produced by microbial fermentation or extracted from plants and animals. The use of esterases in biotechnology is an active area of research, with potential applications in biofuel production, bioremediation, and medical diagnostics.

Cystitis is a medical term that refers to inflammation of the bladder, usually caused by a bacterial infection. The infection can occur when bacteria from the digestive tract or skin enter the urinary tract through the urethra and travel up to the bladder. This condition is more common in women than men due to their shorter urethras, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder.

Symptoms of cystitis may include a strong, frequent, or urgent need to urinate, pain or burning during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and discomfort in the lower abdomen or back. In some cases, there may be blood in the urine, fever, chills, or nausea and vomiting.

Cystitis can usually be treated with antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. Drinking plenty of water to flush out the bacteria and alleviating symptoms with over-the-counter pain medications may also help. Preventive measures include practicing good hygiene, wiping from front to back after using the toilet, urinating after sexual activity, and avoiding using douches or perfumes in the genital area.

Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome is also known as Kawasaki Disease. It is a type of vasculitis that primarily affects young children, usually those under the age of 5. The disease is named after Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki, who first described it in Japan in 1967.

The condition is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes (mucosa), skin (cutaneous), and lymph nodes. The symptoms typically include fever, rash, red eyes, swollen lips and tongue, strawberry tongue, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. In addition, children with Kawasaki disease may also experience joint pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

In severe cases, Kawasaki disease can lead to complications such as coronary artery aneurysms, which can increase the risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems. The exact cause of Kawasaki disease is unknown, but it is thought to be triggered by an infection or other environmental factor in genetically susceptible children. Treatment typically involves administering high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin to reduce inflammation and prevent complications.

Bacteriological techniques refer to the various methods and procedures used in the laboratory for the cultivation, identification, and study of bacteria. These techniques are essential in fields such as medicine, biotechnology, and research. Here are some common bacteriological techniques:

1. **Sterilization**: This is a process that eliminates or kills all forms of life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores. Common sterilization methods include autoclaving (using steam under pressure), dry heat (in an oven), chemical sterilants, and radiation.

2. **Aseptic Technique**: This refers to practices used to prevent contamination of sterile materials or environments with microorganisms. It includes the use of sterile equipment, gloves, and lab coats, as well as techniques such as flaming, alcohol swabbing, and using aseptic transfer devices.

3. **Media Preparation**: This involves the preparation of nutrient-rich substances that support bacterial growth. There are various types of media, including solid (agar), liquid (broth), and semi-solid (e.g., stab agar). The choice of medium depends on the type of bacteria being cultured and the purpose of the investigation.

4. **Inoculation**: This is the process of introducing a bacterial culture into a medium. It can be done using a loop, swab, or needle. The inoculum should be taken from a pure culture to avoid contamination.

5. **Incubation**: After inoculation, the bacteria are allowed to grow under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity, and atmospheric composition. This process is called incubation.

6. **Staining and Microscopy**: Bacteria are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Therefore, they need to be stained and observed under a microscope. Gram staining is a common method used to differentiate between two major groups of bacteria based on their cell wall composition.

7. **Biochemical Tests**: These are tests used to identify specific bacterial species based on their biochemical characteristics, such as their ability to ferment certain sugars, produce particular enzymes, or resist certain antibiotics.

8. **Molecular Techniques**: Advanced techniques like PCR and DNA sequencing can provide more precise identification of bacteria. They can also be used for genetic analysis and epidemiological studies.

Remember, handling microorganisms requires careful attention to biosafety procedures to prevent accidental infection or environmental contamination.

Diagnostic errors refer to inaccurate or delayed diagnoses of a patient's medical condition, which can lead to improper or unnecessary treatment and potentially serious harm to the patient. These errors can occur due to various factors such as lack of clinical knowledge, failure to consider all possible diagnoses, inadequate communication between healthcare providers and patients, and problems with testing or interpretation of test results. Diagnostic errors are a significant cause of preventable harm in medical care and have been identified as a priority area for quality improvement efforts.

Fever, also known as pyrexia or febrile response, is a common medical sign characterized by an elevation in core body temperature above the normal range of 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F) due to a dysregulation of the body's thermoregulatory system. It is often a response to an infection, inflammation, or other underlying medical conditions, and it serves as a part of the immune system's effort to combat the invading pathogens or to repair damaged tissues.

Fevers can be classified based on their magnitude:

* Low-grade fever: 37.5-38°C (99.5-100.4°F)
* Moderate fever: 38-39°C (100.4-102.2°F)
* High-grade or severe fever: above 39°C (102.2°F)

It is important to note that a single elevated temperature reading does not necessarily indicate the presence of a fever, as body temperature can fluctuate throughout the day and can be influenced by various factors such as physical activity, environmental conditions, and the menstrual cycle in females. The diagnosis of fever typically requires the confirmation of an elevated core body temperature on at least two occasions or a consistently high temperature over a period of time.

While fevers are generally considered beneficial in fighting off infections and promoting recovery, extremely high temperatures or prolonged febrile states may necessitate medical intervention to prevent potential complications such as dehydration, seizures, or damage to vital organs.

Sensitivity and specificity are statistical measures used to describe the performance of a diagnostic test or screening tool in identifying true positive and true negative results.

* Sensitivity refers to the proportion of people who have a particular condition (true positives) who are correctly identified by the test. It is also known as the "true positive rate" or "recall." A highly sensitive test will identify most or all of the people with the condition, but may also produce more false positives.
* Specificity refers to the proportion of people who do not have a particular condition (true negatives) who are correctly identified by the test. It is also known as the "true negative rate." A highly specific test will identify most or all of the people without the condition, but may also produce more false negatives.

In medical testing, both sensitivity and specificity are important considerations when evaluating a diagnostic test. High sensitivity is desirable for screening tests that aim to identify as many cases of a condition as possible, while high specificity is desirable for confirmatory tests that aim to rule out the condition in people who do not have it.

It's worth noting that sensitivity and specificity are often influenced by factors such as the prevalence of the condition in the population being tested, the threshold used to define a positive result, and the reliability and validity of the test itself. Therefore, it's important to consider these factors when interpreting the results of a diagnostic test.

Drug utilization refers to the use of medications by patients or healthcare professionals in a real-world setting. It involves analyzing and evaluating patterns of medication use, including prescribing practices, adherence to treatment guidelines, potential duplications or interactions, and outcomes associated with drug therapy. The goal of drug utilization is to optimize medication use, improve patient safety, and minimize costs while achieving the best possible health outcomes. It can be studied through various methods such as prescription claims data analysis, surveys, and clinical audits.

Anti-bacterial agents, also known as antibiotics, are a type of medication used to treat infections caused by bacteria. These agents work by either killing the bacteria or inhibiting their growth and reproduction. There are several different classes of anti-bacterial agents, including penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and tetracyclines, among others. Each class of antibiotic has a specific mechanism of action and is used to treat certain types of bacterial infections. It's important to note that anti-bacterial agents are not effective against viral infections, such as the common cold or flu. Misuse and overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance, which is a significant global health concern.

"Sterile Pyuria". N Engl J Med. 372 (11): 1048-1054. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1410052. PMID 25760357. Dieter RS (2000). "Sterile pyuria ... Pyuria is the condition of urine containing white blood cells or pus. Defined as the presence of 6-10 or more neutrophils per ... Sterile pyuria is urine which contains white blood cells while appearing sterile by standard culturing techniques. It is often ... Sterile pyuria is listed as a side effect from some medications such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). Its occurrence is also ...
PMID 6415813.[non-primary source needed] Komaroff, AL.; Friedland, G (1980). "The Dysuria-Pyuria Syndrome". New England Journal ...
... pyuria 599.6 Urinary obstruction, unspec. 599.7 Hematuria 600 Hyperplasia of prostate 600.00 BPH, w/o obstruction 600.01 BPH, w ...
"Lower urinary tract symptoms that predict microscopic pyuria". International Urogynecology Journal. 29 (7): 1019-1028. doi: ...
About 50% of patients with AIN have pyuria. Nephrotic-range amount of protein in the urine may be seen with NSAID-associated ... Isosthenuria Blood in the urine and occasional RBC casts Sterile pyuria: white blood cells and no bacteria. ...
"Lower urinary tract symptoms that predict microscopic pyuria". International Urogynecology Journal. 29 (7): 1019-1028. doi: ...
"Lower urinary tract symptoms that predict microscopic pyuria". International Urogynecology Journal. 29 (7): 1019-1028. doi: ...
7. Paul SS, Rao PL "Pyuria in children." Ind Pediatr 2;209:1965. 8. Paul SS, Rao PL "Diaphragmatic disorders." Ind Pediatr 2; ...
Urinary infections can be identified including bacteriuria and pyuria. The test for nitrites is a rapid screening method for ...
Avorn J, Monane M, Gurwitz JH, Glynn RJ, Choodnovskiy I, Lipsitz LA (1994). "Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria after ...
Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, minimal proteinuria, and sterile pyuria are highly prevalent. Individuals in Mesoamerica often have ...
Common side effects include allergic reaction, anemia, neutropenia, elevated transaminases, and pyuria. Overdoses have been ...
Urinalysis may show white blood cells and protein in the urine (pyuria and proteinuria) without evidence of bacterial growth. ...
An increased number of WBCs is termed pyuria or leukocyturia and is associated with infection or inflammation of the urinary ...
... pyuria). Some individuals with analgesic nephropathy may also have protein in their urine (proteinuria). Complications of ...
... pyuria). If nephritic syndrome is identified and diagnosed, then it is important for the physician to determine the underlying ...
The presence of non-dysmorphic erythrocytes, modest proteinuria or protein within urine, pyuria or pus within urine, and ...
Pyuria and bacteriuria (white blood cells and bacteria in the urine) in patients with acute scrotum suggests an infectious ...
... pyuria MeSH C01.539.895.775 - schistosomiasis haematobia MeSH C01.539.947.692 - surgical wound infection MeSH C01.703.078.074 ...
... pyuria MeSH C12.777.892.775 - schistosomiasis haematobia MeSH C12.777.934.284 - enuresis MeSH C12.777.934.600 - oliguria MeSH ...
... pyuria) or cancer cells in the urine. A 24-hour urine collection used to be used to quantify daily protein loss (see ...
... in the absence of both conventional bacterial growth and pyuria (more than 5 white blood cells per high power field). Episodes ...
"Sterile Pyuria". N Engl J Med. 372 (11): 1048-1054. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1410052. PMID 25760357. Dieter RS (2000). "Sterile pyuria ... Pyuria is the condition of urine containing white blood cells or pus. Defined as the presence of 6-10 or more neutrophils per ... Sterile pyuria is urine which contains white blood cells while appearing sterile by standard culturing techniques. It is often ... Sterile pyuria is listed as a side effect from some medications such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). Its occurrence is also ...
Synonyms and keywords: Approach to pyuria, Pyuria workup, Pyuria management Overview. Pyuria is a urinary condition ... Pyuria occurs in urinary tract infections (UTI) and/or sepsis. Other causes include sterile pyuria, STDs, pneumonia, ... Shown below are the algorithms summarizing the treatment of pyuria.[5] It typically depends on the specific cause of pyuria. ... Sterile Pyuria[1] *Sexually transmitted disease such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, human papilloma virus infection, ...
Pyuria. The differential diagnoses for infectious causes of sterile pyuria include perinephric abscess, urethral syndrome, ... Noninfectious causes of pyuria include uric acid and hypercalcemic nephropathy, lithium and heavy metal toxicity, sarcoidosis, ... Microscopic hematuria is found in approximately half of cystitis cases; when found without symptoms or pyuria, it should prompt ...
Measuring antibody titres following rabies postexposure prophylaxis in immunosuppressed sufferers: a norm fairly than the exception We current a case of a 51-year-old immunosuppressed man with underlying persistent lymphoproliferative leukaemia (CLL), who introduced to us in emergency with breathlessness, hydrophobia, nervousness and restlessness. He had a historical past of class Three canine chunk 2 months in the…. Read More ...
... What is Pyuria?. It is a urinary condition in which there is an ... Causation of Pyuria (Pus Cells in Urine). *Urinary Tract Infection. *Sexually Transmitted diseases including Gonorrhea, Genital ... Uva ursi is another homeopathic medicine to cure pyuria where blood is passed with pus cells in urine. Urine may also consist ... In addition, homeopathic medicines for pyuria can also be selected on the basis of symptoms. The most appropriate homeopathic ...
Enterococcus bacteria may grow in urine culture without pyuria (pus in the urine typically from bacterial infection) or ... To see if an association exists between pyuria and the type of uropathogen in CIC-dependent children, they took a look back at ... They found that the growth of Enterococcus species on urine culture was associated with lower odds of both microscopic pyuria ... Certain etiologies of neurogenic bladder, such as bladder exstrophy and cloacal malformations, also raised the odds of pyuria ...
Pyuria. Pyuria alone not diagnostic; other elements (signs or symptoms and microbiology) are required. Pyuria accompanying ... Reflex urine cultures based on urinalysis results, such as pyuria, in the absence of other indications (Absence of pyuria ...
Pyuria. 2 (10.5). 10 (13.2). 0.79 (0.16-3.79). 0.764. NA. Dysuria. 13 (68.4). 65 (85.5). 0.39 (0.12-1.19). 0.098. NA. ...
Pyuria. Renal dysfunction might be mild and short-lived or severe and persistent. Although uncommon, permanent renal ...
Gonorrhoea presenting as "sterile" pyuria. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1981; 283 :1546 (Published 05 December 1981) ...
Number of patients tested (montelukast sodium and placebo, respectively): ALT and AST, 1935, 1170; pyuria, 1924, 1159. ...
Pyuria Urinary incontinence Urinary tract infection. 2. 2. 6. 1. 1. 3. ...
Although historically sterile pyuria (SP) has been associated with genitourinary (GU) tuberculosis, there are many more common ... I would start with repeating the u/a as 50% of sterile pyuria may be transient (3). If repeat u/a still shows pyuria, a ... sterile pyuria, Systemic lupus, tuberculosis Although historically sterile pyuria (SP) has been associated with genitourinary ( ... How do I interpret the sterile pyuria in this patient? Post navigation. ← How should I interpret a positive Treponema serology ...
The presence of leukocyte esterase and nitrite on a urinary dipstick and the possibility of pyuria and bacteriuria; both should ... Urethritis - Urinalysis shows pyuria but no bacteria. Common in sexually active women. ...
Pyuria. *Eosinophils. *White Blood Cell Casts and Eosinophil casts. *Tubular Necrosis. *Pigmented Granular Casts ...
Phentermine adipexp ionamin trove order adipex order beethoven, pyuria, revitalising ph3ntermine reusable associate online ...
Polyuria, Dysuria And Pyuria Chapter 3: Complications Of Diverticular Disease -Infection -Rectal Bleeding -Hemorrhage -Fistulas ...
... pyuria without bacteriuria; unexplained hematuria; recurrent fever without explanation; or evidence on an excretory pyelogram ...
Pyuria: Incarnadine Revelry Kim Jensen. 1975. Select Page: [ ,, Previous Page ] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ...
In some instances, marked sterile pyuria is present. The presence of RBC casts is almost pathognomonic of glomerulonephritis. ...
Avorn J, Monane M, Gurwitz J, Glynn R I, Choodnovskiy I, and Lipsitz L A. Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria using cranberry ... Hopkins, W. J., Heisey, D. M., Jonler, M., and Uehling, D. T. Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria using cranberry juice. JAMA 8 ... New support for a folk remedy: Cranberry juice reduces bacteriuria and pyuria in elderly women. Nutr Rev 1994;52:168-70. View ... Effect of cranberry capsules on bacteriuria plus pyuria among older women in nursing homes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. ...
10/01/2000 - "In 21 patients, among them 11 with pyuria, indinavir was replaced for various reasons and pyuria disappeared in ... 10/01/2000 - "Pyuria in patients treated with indinavir is associated with renal dysfunction.". 02/01/1999 - "Sterile pyuria in ... Pyuria 04/15/2002 - "The objective of the present study was to characterize the genitourinary syndromes that accompany ... indinavir-associated pyuria. ". 04/15/2002 - "Pyuria continued in the 3 patients who continued receiving indinavir. ". ...
Secondary data of pyuria were provided by two surgical studies (255 participants). When studies were pooled, pyuria occurred in ... such as pyuria, febrile morbidity and gram-negative isolates in patients urine, in surgical patients who undergo bladder ...
Urinalysis and culture (sterile pyuria). * COVID-19 swab *ECG. Common abnormalities include elevation of ESR, CRP and ...
Results of urinalysis performed by the referring veterinarian indicated hematuria with no pyuria or bacteriuria, and subsequent ... pyuria, or bacteriuria. No meaningful changes in body weight or estimated urine output occurred, and the cats serum creatinine ... the dogs pyuria resolved, and results were negative for recheck bacterial cultures performed on urine samples obtained at 2 ... but no pyuria or bacteriuria. Thoracic radiography revealed generalized cardiomegaly but no evidence of pulmonary metastatic ...
Urinalysis-proteinuria, hematuria, pyuria Additional laboratory events include abnormalities in electrolytes (i.e., increases ...
Pyuria. Two Sides Of A Spi... ENDRIVE. Legend Of The Over... Inhale. Depression. ...
  • Sterile pyuria is urine which contains white blood cells while appearing sterile by standard culturing techniques. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sterile pyuria is listed as a side effect from some medications such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). (wikipedia.org)
  • Other causes include sterile pyuria , STDs , pneumonia , interstitial cystitis , kidney stones , pelvic infections and urinary fistulas . (wikidoc.org)
  • My 70 year old male patient with recent hip fracture has developed fevers with sterile pyuria. (pearls4peers.com)
  • How do I interpret the sterile pyuria in this patient? (pearls4peers.com)
  • Although historically sterile pyuria (SP) has been associated with genitourinary (GU) tuberculosis, there are many more common causes to consider in the hospitalized patient (1-3). (pearls4peers.com)
  • I would start with repeating the u/a as 50% of sterile pyuria may be transient (3). (pearls4peers.com)
  • Goonewardene S, Persad R. Sterile pyuria: a forgotten entity. (pearls4peers.com)
  • Hooker JB, Mold JW, Kumar S. Sterile pyuria in patients admitted to the hospital with infections outside of the urinary tract. (pearls4peers.com)
  • In some instances, marked sterile pyuria is present. (medscape.com)
  • A child was referred to the nephrology clinic with several years' history of microscopic hematuria and a single episode of sterile pyuria. (appliedradiology.com)
  • Noninfectious causes of pyuria include uric acid and hypercalcemic nephropathy, lithium and heavy metal toxicity, sarcoidosis, interstitial cystitis, polycystic kidney disease, genitourinary malignancy, and renal transplant rejection. (medscape.com)
  • NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - In children with neurogenic bladders who require clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), Enterococcus bacteria may grow in urine culture without pyuria (pus in the urine typically from bacterial infection) or positive leukocyte esterase, a new study suggests. (medscape.com)
  • They found that the growth of Enterococcus species on urine culture was associated with lower odds of both microscopic pyuria and leukocyte esterase, while Proteus mirabilis was associated with increased odds of both pyuria and leukocyte esterase. (medscape.com)
  • P. aeruginosa was associated with increased odds of leukocyte esterase but not pyuria. (medscape.com)
  • 3. positive leukocyte esterase (LE) on urinalysis Note: Participants may be randomized and administered study drug prior to knowledge of urine culture results, but pyuria must be documented. (who.int)
  • Pyuria is a urinary condition characterized by a high number of white blood cells in the urine . (wikidoc.org)
  • Pyuria occurs in urinary tract infections ( UTI ) and/or sepsis . (wikidoc.org)
  • It is a urinary condition in which there is an appearance of pus cells in urine and the medical term for pus cells in urine is pyuria. (homeoexpert.com)
  • Effect of Cranberry Capsules on Bacteriuria Plus Pyuria Among Older Women in Nursing Homes: A Randomized Clinical Trial," "Cranberry for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection? (webmd.com)
  • Authors' conclusions: The limited evidence indicated that receiving prophylactic antibiotics reduced the rate of bacteriuria and other signs of infection, such as pyuria, febrile morbidity and gram-negative isolates in patients' urine, in surgical patients who undergo bladder drainage for at least 24 hours postoperatively. (mendeley.com)
  • Importance Bacteriuria plus pyuria is highly prevalent among older women living in nursing homes. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
  • Objective To test the effect of 2 oral cranberry capsules once a day on presence of bacteriuria plus pyuria among women residing in nursing homes. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
  • Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled efficacy trial with stratification by nursing home and involving 185 English-speaking women aged 65 years or older, with or without bacteriuria plus pyuria at baseline, residing in 21 nursing homes located within 50 miles (80 km) of New Haven, Connecticut (August 24, 2012-October 26, 2015). (theincidentaleconomist.com)
  • The main outcome of interest was bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine) plus pyuria, assessed every two months for a year. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
  • In those with positive or suspicious urine cultures, bacteriuria or pyuria, urine culture was repeated. (who.int)
  • when found without symptoms or pyuria, it should prompt a search for malignancy. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, homeopathic medicines for pyuria can also be selected on the basis of symptoms. (homeoexpert.com)
  • Kwaliteit van Leven Klein zijn kan psychosociale problemen veroorzaken en uit eerder onderzoek is gebleken dat deze problemen vaker voorkomen bij kinderen die in verband met hun lengte verwezen worden naar een arts anxiety zone symptoms [url=http://www.hardenfoundation.org/cheap-med/purchase-serpina-online/]buy serpina 60 caps online[/url]. (ehd.org)
  • Laboratory findings of TIN include pyuria, variable proteinuria, hypocomplementemia and elevated IgG4 subclass. (asn-online.org)
  • However, children with neurogenic bladders who require CIC often have chronic urethral inflammation, "which may confound the association between pyuria and uropathogens," Dr. Forster and colleagues point out. (medscape.com)
  • Pyuria may be present in people with sepsis, or in older people with pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
  • To see if an association exists between pyuria and the type of uropathogen in CIC-dependent children, they took a look back at 2,420 urinalysis and urine culture results from patients aged 18 and younger with neurogenic bladder managed at one center. (medscape.com)
  • [5] It typically depends on the specific cause of pyuria. (wikidoc.org)
  • Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of pyuria. (wikidoc.org)
  • A recent study in the general pediatric population (with a normal genitourinary tract) found that some specific uropathogens (Enterococcus and Klebsiella species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were less apt to be associated with pyuria than Escherichia coli. (medscape.com)
  • For the patients with pyuria, In addition to diarrhoea, 92 patients had mixed growth or 103-105 colonies/mL of vomiting and 32 had fever. (who.int)
  • Secondary data of pyuria were provided by two surgical studies (255 participants). (mendeley.com)
  • Others additionally require discoloration, clouding or change in the smell of urine for a pyuria to be present. (wikipedia.org)
  • This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT of elderly women, both with and without pyuria (pus in your urine) at baseline, living in 21 nursing homes from 2012-2015. (theincidentaleconomist.com)
  • If repeat u/a still shows pyuria, a prostate exam in our elderly male is indicated to exclude prostatitis. (pearls4peers.com)
  • Pyuria is the condition of urine containing white blood cells or pus. (wikipedia.org)
  • When studies were pooled, pyuria occurred in significantly fewer cases in the prophylactic antibiotic group (RR 0.23, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.42). (mendeley.com)
  • Shown below are the algorithms summarizing the treatment of pyuria. (wikidoc.org)
  • To test the effect of 2 oral cranberry capsules once a day on presence of bacteriuria plus pyuria among women residing in nursing homes. (nih.gov)
  • Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, often caused by non-infectious factors such as trauma, chemical irritation, or autoimmune conditions, can result in sterile pyuria. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • This may cause signs and symptoms of urethritis (e.g., pyuria, dysuria, urinary frequency). (cdc.gov)
  • Background Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and sterile pyuria (SP) are complexities of UTI whose prevalence are not known in the northern sector of Ghana. (researchsquare.com)
  • Our aim was to determine the occurrence of sterile pyuria and asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women accessing antenatal care at a secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Tamale, northern Ghana.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted by screening 530 pregnant women with no signs of acute urinary tract infection attending antenatal clinic for a period of 6 months. (researchsquare.com)
  • 9.What is asymptomatic pyuria? (kidneycarecentre.in)
  • CONCLUSION: The degree of pyuria can help to distinguish UTI in older women from ASB and asymptomatic controls with pyuria. (wustl.edu)
  • Bladder infection, or cystitis, is a urinary disorder characterized by pyuria (pus in urine) and dysuria (impaired urination). (glutenfreeworks.com)
  • Tuberculosis (TB): Genitourinary tuberculosis can cause sterile pyuria, where the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria is difficult to detect in routine urine cultures. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by TUBERCULOSIS , stones, or cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • Postoperative bacteriuria, pyuria and urinary tract infection in patients with an orthotopic sigmoid colon neobladder replacement. (nih.gov)
  • Some women have Sterile pyuria which is persistent white blood cells in urine without any bacterial infection at all. (medhelp.org)
  • A diagnosis of urinary tract infection was made based on the presence of pyuria and bacteriuria. (bmj.com)
  • Sterile pyuria refers to the presence of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the urine without the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms that typically cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Pyuria, or the presence of white blood cells in the urine, is generally considered a sign of inflammation in the urinary tract. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Sterile pyuria, characterized by the presence of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the urine without the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms, can be caused by various factors. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Renal stones: The presence of kidney or urinary tract stones can cause irritation and inflammation, leading to sterile pyuria. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • The presence of pyuria remains the cornerstone of UTI diagnosis. (wustl.edu)
  • UTI was defined as presence of pyuria (a positive urine dipstick or microscopy test) plus a positive urine culture. (duke.edu)
  • Another urinary tract condition which is also not rare in pregnancy is Sterile Pyuria (SP). (researchsquare.com)
  • Urinary tract malignancies: Certain cancers affecting the urinary tract, such as bladder or kidney cancer, can cause inflammation and subsequent sterile pyuria. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Sterile pyuria in patients admitted to the hospital with infections outside of the urinary tract. (nih.gov)
  • Significance of pyuria in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in neonates. (nih.gov)
  • Pyuria and Urine Cultures in Patients with Acute Renal Colic. (nih.gov)
  • Noninfectious causes of pyuria include uric acid and hypercalcemic nephropathy, lithium and heavy metal toxicity, sarcoidosis, interstitial cystitis, polycystic kidney disease, genitourinary malignancy, and renal transplant rejection. (medscape.com)
  • bigger catheters are indicated for bladder irrigation and some cases of hemorrhage (eg, postoperatively or in hemorrhagic cystitis) and pyuria because clots could obstruct smaller caliber catheters. (merckmanuals.com)
  • 2. Antibiotic prescribing for adult bacteriuria and pyuria in community hospital emergency departments. (nih.gov)
  • We quantified pyuria by automated microscopy and flowcytometry to determine the diagnostic accuracy for UTI and to derive pyuria thresholds for UTI in older women. (wustl.edu)
  • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Some STIs, like chlamydia or gonorrhea, can occasionally present with sterile pyuria in certain cases. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Pyuria: Pus in the urine or discharge from the urethra. (bionity.com)
  • As for chief complaint, 16 patients were pyogenic discharge from the umbilicus, and 1 patient was pyuria. (sages.org)
  • Viral infections: Some viral infections, such as adenovirus or cytomegalovirus (CMV), can cause sterile pyuria. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Bacteriuria plus pyuria is highly prevalent among older women living in nursing homes. (nih.gov)
  • Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled efficacy trial with stratification by nursing home and involving 185 English-speaking women aged 65 years or older, with or without bacteriuria plus pyuria at baseline, residing in 21 nursing homes located within 50 miles (80 km) of New Haven, Connecticut (August 24, 2012-October 26, 2015). (nih.gov)
  • Sterile pyuria was found among 66% of the 50 women presenting at Tamale Central Hospital. (researchsquare.com)
  • Pyuria is the condition of urine containing white blood cells or pus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sterile pyuria is urine which contains white blood cells while appearing sterile by standard culturing techniques. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is important to evaluate and investigate the underlying cause of sterile pyuria to guide appropriate management. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • 4 .How do you investigate pyuria? (kidneycarecentre.in)
  • Sterile pyuria is listed as a side effect from some medications such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). (wikipedia.org)
  • Medications: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can cause sterile pyuria as a side effect. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Medications: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or immunosuppressive drugs, can lead to sterile pyuria as a side effect. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • Radiation therapy or chemotherapy: These cancer treatments can lead to inflammation and sterile pyuria as a side effect. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • It is important to note that the underlying cause of sterile pyuria can vary, and further evaluation is necessary to determine the specific cause in each case. (medicallabnotes.com)