Radionuclide Generators
Radioisotopes
Radionuclide Imaging
The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph.
Radionuclide Angiography
Performance of a 62Zn/62Cu generator in clinical trials of PET perfusion agent 62Cu-PTSM. (1/45)
The 62Zn/62Cu PET generator can be inexpensively produced and distributed from a single production site operating under typical good manufacturing practice guidelines. It therefore has the potential to greatly facilitate development of clinically practical PET. We report generator performance in a study in which 62Cu-pyruvaldehyde-bis(n4-methylthiosemicarbazone (PTSM) myocardial perfusion imaging is compared with 99mTc-sestamibi in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The 62Zn/62Cu generator is an improved version of a previously reported system that employs automated synthesis of 62Cu-PTSM. With this approach, the cumbersome step of 18C purification has been eliminated. METHODS: The 62Zn (9.3 h half-life) parent isotope is prepared by proton bombardment of natural copper at 33 MeV. A typical target irradiated with 37.5 microA/h is delivered by 12:00 PM on the day it is to be processed. Purified 62Zn obtained from the target is loaded onto the generator column in 2 mol/L HCl. The generator is eluted using an internal three-channel peristaltic pump, which delivers 2.25 mL eluant (1.8 mol/L NaCl, 0.2 mol/L HCl) through the generator column to elute the 62Cu in 40 s. The same pump simultaneously pumps an equal volume of buffer (0.4 mol/L NaOAc) and 1 mL ligand solution (2 ppm PTSM, 2% EtOH) passing it through a septum into a 35-cc syringe preloaded with 28 mL sterile water. This solution is thoroughly mixed by agitation of the syringe and injected as a bolus through a 0.2 microm filter. The generator is eluted twice before shipping, providing quality assurance samples, and shipped to the clinical site by overnight delivery. Complete quality assurance testing is performed the evening before the generator reaches the clinical site. RESULTS: A total of 34 generators have been produced and shipped to 2 clinical sites for a phase III Food and Drug Administration study. The load activity on the generators at 8:00 AM the day of clinical use was 1.7+/-0.2 GBq (46.7+/-5.6 mCi), and yield was 72%+/-16%. Breakthrough of 62Zn was undetectable by high-purity germanium spectroscopy for all units. Radiochemical purity was 95.4%+/-2.4%. Volume delivered, pH, sterility, and bacterial endotoxin tests yielded passing results on all generators. The entire process of generator production, from target receipt to generator shipment, took less than 6 h and cost approximately $1000, including shipping charges and cyclotron cost. A total of 68 patients were injected with 2 62Cu-PTSM doses, with a mean injected activity of 0.8+/-0.2 GBq (20.5+/-5.3 mCi) with no adverse side effects. CONCLUSION: Results of this work confirm that the 62Zn/62Cu generator is an easily produced, transportable, and inexpensive source of PET radiopharmaceuticals, which can expand the field of clinical PET imaging by providing radiopharmaceuticals to sites not associated with cyclotrons. (+info)Simple new method for effective concentration of 188Re solutions from alumina-based 188W-188Re generator. (2/45)
(188)Re is a useful generator-produced radioisotope currently under evaluation for a variety of therapeutic applications, including bone pain palliation and intravascular radiation therapy. Because the (188)W parent is available only in a relatively low specific activity (<0.15-0.19 GBq/mg) from reactor irradiation of enriched (186)W, relatively large volumes of 0.9% saline (>15 mL) are required for elution of the (188)Re daughter from traditional alumina-based (188)W-(188)Re generators. Because these large bolus volumes result in solutions with a relatively low specific volume activity of (188)Re (<1 GBq/mL for the 18.5-GBq generator), the availability of effective methods for eluent concentration is important. Our new approach is based on the use of 0.3 mol/L ammonium acetate as a representative salt of a weak acid instead of saline for generator elution. METHODS: After generator elution, the ammonium acetate generator eluent (15-20 mL) is passed through a tandem IC-H Plus cation (Dowex-H)-anion (QMA Light) column system. Exchange of ammonium cations with hydrogen ions on the cation column forms an acetic acid solution containing perrhenate anions from which the macroscopic levels of the acetate anion of the eluent have been effectively removed. Because perrhenic acid is fully dissociated at this pH, the QMA Light column specifically traps the (188)Re-perrhenate, which is subsequently eluted with a low volume (<1 mL) of saline. Concentration ratios greater than 20:1 are readily achieved with this method. RESULTS: A typical clinical-scale generator loaded with 19.2 GBq (188)W was used to validate the approach. Saline elution provided (188)Re in a 75%-80% yield. Although elution with 0.15 mol/L NH4OAc gave lower yields (55%-60%), use of 0.3 mol/L NH4OAc provided yields comparable with those of saline (70%-75%). (188)W parent breakthrough was not detected after passage of the bolus through the tandem concentration system. Bolus volumes of 15-20 mL, which initially contained as much as 11.1-14.8 GBq (188)Re, were readily concentrated to less than 1 mL saline using QMA Light cartridges. The generator was evaluated for more than 3 mo with no decrease in performance. CONCLUSION: This approach represents a simple, rapid, and effective method using inexpensive disposable components of concentrating solutions of (188)Re for preparation of therapeutic agents. (+info)Genotypes associated with virulence in environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae. (3/45)
Vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous inhabitant of riverine and estuarine environments and also is a facultative pathogen for humans. Genotyping can be useful in assessing the risk of contracting cholera, intestinal, or extraintestinal infections via drinking water and/or seafood. In this study, environmental isolates of V. cholerae were examined for the presence of ctxA, hlyA, ompU, stn/sto, tcpA, tcpI, toxR, and zot genes, using multiplex PCR. Based on tcpA and hlyA gene comparisons, the strains could be grouped into Classical and El Tor biotypes. The toxR, hlyA, and ompU genes were present in 100, 98.6, and 87.0% of the V. cholerae isolates, respectively. The CTX genetic element and toxin-coregulated pilus El Tor (tcpA ET) gene were present in all toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 strains examined in this study. Three of four nontoxigenic V. cholerae O1 strains contained tcpA ET. Interestingly, among the isolates of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, two had tcpA Classical, nine contained tcpA El Tor, three showed homology with both biotype genes, and four carried the ctxA gene. The stn/sto genes were present in 28.2% of the non-O1/non-O139 strains, in 10.5% of the toxigenic V. cholerae O1, and in 14.3% of the O139 serogroups. Except for stn/sto genes, all of the other genes studied occurred with high frequency in toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139 strains. Based on results of this study, surveillance of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae in the aquatic environment, combined with genotype monitoring using ctxA, stn/sto, and tcpA ET genes, could be valuable in human health risk assessment. (+info)Federal regulations and reimbursement for PET. (4/45)
OBJECTIVE: The regulatory and reimbursement environment for PET has changed significantly over the past several years. The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) findings of the safety and efficacy of key PET drugs have been published, as well as guidelines for the applications to produce PET drugs. In addition, the national Medicare coverage policy for PET has been expanded, most recently with additional indications and coverage restrictions added as of July 2001. The payment rates under the new Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (HOPPS) have been set for PET as well. This communication reviews these recent changes and discusses their impact on the development and operation of a PET center. After reading this article, the nuclear medicine technologist should be able to: (a) state the indications for the use of PET drugs that have been found to be safe and effective by the FDA; (b) detail the general procedures a PET drug production site would have to undertake to be in compliance with FDA regulations; (c) list specific studies that have been approved for payment by Medicare; and (d) describe billing codes used for PET scans. Clarification of regulatory and reimbursement issues is leading to rapid expansion of clinical PET. Keeping abreast of these changes will ensure the successful expansion of any nuclear medicine program to include PET services. (+info)An assessment of factors which influence the effectiveness of the modified in vivo technetium-99m-erythrocyte labeling technique in clinical use. (5/45)
This study assessed factors which may contribute to suboptimal image quality when the modified in vivo erythrocyte labeling technique is used with standard clinical 99mTc activities. For each assessment duplicate or triplicate blood specimens were withdrawn from > or = 10 patients, into syringes containing 700-900 MBq 99mTc as pertechnetate. After incubation the percent of 99mTc which was not bound to erythrocytes at blood re-injection time (%Unbound 99mTc), was measured and compared when one of four factors was varied. The most significant results, in descending order of measured effect were: [table: see text] Our data suggest that the requirements for optimal erythrocyte labeling with standard clinical 99mTc activities are: (A) Erythrocyte tinning time between 10 and 30 min; (B) blood volume > or = 3 ml; (C) blood incubation time > or = 20 min; and (D) Generator ingrowth time < or = 24 hr. (+info)Realizing the potential of the Actinium-225 radionuclide generator in targeted alpha particle therapy applications. (6/45)
(+info)Direct radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies with generator-produced rhenium-188 for radioimmunotherapy: labeling and animal biodistribution studies. (7/45)
The use of 188Re from an alumina-based 188W/188Re generator has been investigated for antibody radiolabeling. It was found that, with simple labeling techniques, 188Re can be used immediately after elution. The direct radiolabeling of intact antibodies with 188Re is described. Lyophilized antibody preparations have been reconstituted with 188Re taken directly from the generator at specific activities of up to 15 mCi of 188Re per mg of antibody. Radiolabeling yields of 90 to 98% have been obtained, with the incorporation rate being dependent upon time and the relative concentrations of the reagents. It was determined that the conjugates were immunoreactive and stable when challenged by serum in vitro, with 188Re-immunoglobulin G showing adequate resistance to reoxidation with no transfer of 188Re to serum protein. 188Re-antibody conjugates were shown to clear from the blood faster than the corresponding 131I-labeled antibody, giving rise to good tumor/nontumor ratios at 24 to 72 h postinjection, while serum samples taken from the animals have shown that the circulating 188Re remained bound to immunoglobulin G. The combination of the technologies of the 188W/188Re generator, the direct labeling methodology, and the use of single-vial lyophilized antibody makes the use of 188Re-radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies a simple and convenient method of cancer radioimmunotherapy with a beta-emitting radionuclide. (+info)Breaking America's dependence on imported molybdenum. (8/45)
(+info)Radionuclide generators are devices that contain a parent radionuclide that decays to a daughter radionuclide, allowing for the separation and collection of the daughter radionuclide for medical imaging or therapeutic purposes.
Radionuclide generators, also known as "radiogenic sources" or "generator systems," are devices that contain a parent radionuclide that decays into a daughter radionuclide. The parent nuclide has a longer half-life than the daughter nuclide and remains within the generator system, while the daughter nuclide is produced continuously through the decay process and can be extracted for use in medical imaging or therapeutic procedures.
The most common type of radionuclide generator used in nuclear medicine is the technetium-99m (^99m Tc) generator, which contains molybdenum-99 (^99 Mo) as the parent nuclide. Molybdenum-99 has a half-life of 66 hours and decays into technetium-99m, which has a half-life of only 6 hours. Technetium-99m emits gamma rays that can be detected by gamma cameras, making it useful for a wide range of diagnostic procedures such as bone scans, lung perfusion imaging, and myocardial perfusion imaging.
Radionuclide generators are typically used in hospitals and medical centers where they can provide a convenient and cost-effective way to produce small quantities of radionuclides for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The extracted daughter nuclide can be used immediately, reducing the need for complex shipping and handling procedures associated with other radioactive materials.
Iridium is an extremely dense, silvery-white, transition metal with the symbol Ir on the periodic table, which is not known to have any biological role or significance in humans, but is used in some medical applications such as in certain types of implants due to its corrosion resistance and stability under extreme conditions.
Iridium is not a medical term, but rather a chemical element with the symbol Ir and atomic number 77. It's a transition metal that is part of the platinum group. Iridium has no known biological role in humans or other organisms, and it is not used in medical treatments or diagnoses.
However, iridium is sometimes mentioned in the context of geological time scales because iridium-rich layers in rock formations are associated with major extinction events, such as the one that marked the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago. The leading hypothesis for this association is that large asteroid impacts can create iridium-rich vapor plumes that settle onto the Earth's surface and leave a distinct layer in the rock record.
Radioisotopes are isotopes of elements that undergo radioactive decay, releasing energy in the form of radiation and often used in medical imaging, treatment, and research.
Radioisotopes, also known as radioactive isotopes or radionuclides, are variants of chemical elements that have unstable nuclei and emit radiation in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, or conversion electrons. These isotopes are formed when an element's nucleus undergoes natural or artificial radioactive decay.
Radioisotopes can be produced through various processes, including nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and particle bombardment in a cyclotron or other types of particle accelerators. They have a wide range of applications in medicine, industry, agriculture, research, and energy production. In the medical field, radioisotopes are used for diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy, and in the labeling of molecules for research purposes.
It is important to note that handling and using radioisotopes requires proper training, safety measures, and regulatory compliance due to their ionizing radiation properties, which can pose potential health risks if not handled correctly.
Radionuclide imaging is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the use of radioactive substances to generate images of internal body structures, functions, or processes for clinical analysis and disease detection.
Radionuclide imaging, also known as nuclear medicine, is a medical imaging technique that uses small amounts of radioactive material, called radionuclides or radiopharmaceuticals, to diagnose and treat various diseases and conditions. The radionuclides are introduced into the body through injection, inhalation, or ingestion and accumulate in specific organs or tissues. A special camera then detects the gamma rays emitted by these radionuclides and converts them into images that provide information about the structure and function of the organ or tissue being studied.
Radionuclide imaging can be used to evaluate a wide range of medical conditions, including heart disease, cancer, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and bone diseases. The technique is non-invasive and generally safe, with minimal exposure to radiation. However, it should only be performed by qualified healthcare professionals in accordance with established guidelines and regulations.
Radionuclide angiography is a diagnostic procedure that uses radioactive materials, or radionuclides, to produce images of the heart's chambers and valves, as well as their function, by measuring the distribution and concentration of the radionuclide within the cardiovascular system over time.
Radionuclide angiography (RNA) is a type of nuclear medicine imaging procedure used to evaluate the heart's function, specifically the pumping ability of the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles). It involves the use of radioactive material (radionuclide or radiopharmaceutical) that is injected into the patient's bloodstream. A special camera then captures images of the distribution and accumulation of this radioactive material within the heart, providing information about blood flow, ventricular function, and any potential abnormalities in the heart muscle.
During a RNA procedure, the radiopharmaceutical is usually injected into a vein in the patient's arm. As the tracer circulates through the bloodstream, it accumulates in the heart tissue. The gamma camera captures images of the distribution and accumulation of the radionuclide within the heart at different time points. These images are then used to assess various aspects of heart function, such as ejection fraction (the percentage of blood that is pumped out of the ventricles with each beat), wall motion abnormalities, and any potential areas of reduced blood flow or damage in the heart muscle.
Radionuclide angiography can be used to diagnose and monitor various cardiac conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease. It is a non-invasive procedure that does not require catheterization or the use of contrast agents, making it a safer alternative for patients with kidney problems or allergies to contrast materials. However, as with any medical procedure involving radiation exposure, the benefits of RNA must be weighed against the potential risks.
Radionuclide Ventriculography, also known as Multiple-gated Acquisition Scan (MUGA) or Gated Blood Pool Imaging, is a nuclear medicine test that uses radioactive tracers to measure the functioning and pumping efficiency of the heart's left ventricle by creating images of the blood pool within the ventricular chamber.
Radionuclide ventriculography (RVG), also known as multiple-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) or nuclear ventriculography, is a non-invasive diagnostic test used to evaluate the function and pumping efficiency of the heart's lower chambers (ventricles). The test involves the use of radioactive tracers (radionuclides) that are injected into the patient's bloodstream. A specialized camera then captures images of the distribution of the radionuclide within the heart, which allows for the measurement of ventricular volumes and ejection fraction (EF), an important indicator of cardiac function.
During the test, the patient lies on a table while the camera takes pictures of their heart as it beats. The images are captured in "gates" or intervals, corresponding to different phases of the cardiac cycle. This allows for the calculation of ventricular volumes and EF at each phase of the cycle, providing detailed information about the heart's pumping ability.
RVG is commonly used to assess patients with known or suspected heart disease, including those who have had a heart attack, heart failure, valvular heart disease, or cardiomyopathy. It can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and to evaluate changes in cardiac function over time.
Radionuclide generator
In some cases a cyclotron is used to produce the parent radionuclide for a generator. Long-lived radionuclides which are ... IAEA (2009). Therapeutic radionuclide generators : 90Sr/90Y and 188W/188Re generators. Vienna: International Atomic Energy ... A radionuclide generator is a device which provides a local supply of a short-lived radioactive substance from the decay of a ... Use of a generator avoids the challenge of distributing short-lived radionuclides from the original production site (typically ...
Radionuclide
... generators contain a parent radionuclide that decays to produce a radioactive daughter. The parent is usually ... primordial radionuclides, secondary radionuclides, and cosmogenic radionuclides. Radionuclides are produced in stellar ... Synthetic radionuclides are deliberately synthesised using nuclear reactors, particle accelerators or radionuclide generators: ... At least another 60 radionuclides are detectable in nature, either as daughters of primordial radionuclides or as radionuclides ...
Glossary of physics
... or radionuclide generators. radius of curvature redshift A phenomenon which occurs when light seen coming from an object that ... Certain radionuclides occur naturally; many others can be produced artificially in nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, particle ... valley of stability Van de Graaff generator variable capacitor variable resistor vector Any quantity that has both magnitude ... electric field gradient electric field intensity electric generator electric motor electric potential electric power The rate ...
Radiosynthesis
... modules are often combined with a cyclotron or other radio nuclide generator. Hot cell Medicinal radiocompound ... It should also be mentioned that according to Half-life of radionuclides, a relaxation time is needed between the syntheses in ...
Radionuclide therapy
Generator Performance and Evolving Therapeutic Applications of Two Generator-Derived Alpha-Emitting Radioisotopes". Current ... When the radionuclides are ligands (such as with Lutathera and Pluvicto), the technique is also known as radioligand therapy. ... This is similar to the generation of technetium-99m by a technetium generator. The actinium-225 is made by the irradiation of ... Radionuclide therapy (RNT, also known as unsealed source radiotherapy or molecular radiotherapy) uses radioactive substances ...
Targeted alpha-particle therapy
"Realizing the potential of the Actinium-225 radionuclide generator in targeted alpha particle therapy applications". Advanced ... Several radionuclides have been studied for use in immunotherapy. Though β-emitters are more popular, in part due to their ... Sofou, S (2008). "Radionuclide carriers for targeting of cancer". International Journal of Nanomedicine. 3 (2): 181-99. doi: ... Targeted alpha-particle therapy (or TAT) is an in-development method of targeted radionuclide therapy of various cancers. It ...
Scandium-44
44Sc can be obtained as a daughter radionuclide of long-lived 44Ti (t1/2 60.4 a) from 44Ti /44Sc generator or can be produced ... Scandium-44: Benefits of a Long-Lived PET Radionuclide Available from the 44Ti/44Sc Generator System. F.Rösch Radiolabeling of ... The 44Ti /44Sc generator represents a secular equilibrium system with a half-life ratio between parent and daughter of ca. 130 ... stable and non-toxic decay product and being generator-produced makes it an appropriate candidate in PET/CT diagnosis. 44Sc has ...
Nuclear medicine
99mTc is normally supplied to hospitals through a radionuclide generator containing the parent radionuclide molybdenum-99. 99Mo ... which produce radionuclides with shorter half-lives, or take advantage of natural decay processes in dedicated generators, i.e ... Among the many radionuclides that were discovered for medical-use, none were as important as the discovery and development of ... The radionuclide introduced into the body is often chemically bound to a complex that acts characteristically within the body; ...
Rubidium-82
The generator contains accelerator produced 82Sr adsorbed on stannic oxide in a lead-shielded column and provides a means for ... In 1959, preclinical trials showed in dogs that myocardial uptake of this radionuclide was directly proportional to myocardial ... When eluted at a rate of 50 mL/minute, each generator eluate at the end of elution should not contain more than 0.02 ... In 1989, the FDA approved the 82Rb/82Sr generator for commercial use in the U.S. With increased 82Sr production capabilities, ...
Curium
Its past presence as an extinct radionuclide is detectable as an excess of its primordial, long-lived daughter 235U. Traces of ... A more promising use of 242Cm is for making 238Pu, a better radioisotope for thermoelectric generators such as in heart ... They mostly emit α-particles; radioisotope thermoelectric generators can use the heat from this process, but this is hindered ... Curium is used in making heavier actinides and the 238Pu radionuclide for power sources in artificial cardiac pacemakers and ...
Neutron generator
In comparison with radionuclide neutron sources, neutron tubes can produce much higher neutron fluxes and consistent ( ... Another type of innovative neutron generator is the inertial electrostatic confinement fusion device. This neutron generator ... While neutron generators do produce fusion reactions, the number of accelerated ions that cause these reactions is very low. It ... Small neutron generators using the deuterium (D, hydrogen-2, 2H) tritium (T, hydrogen-3, 3H) fusion reactions are the most ...
Industrial radiography
... produced with X-ray generators, or gamma rays generated by the natural radioactivity of sealed radionuclide sources. Neutrons ... X-ray generators produce X-rays by applying a high voltage between the cathode and the anode of an X-ray tube and in heating ... Radionuclides are often used in industrial radiography. They have the advantage that they do not need a supply of electricity ... The radionuclides used in industrial radiography are chosen for their high specific activity. This high activity means that ...
Health physics
Health physicists principally work at facilities where radionuclides or other sources of ionizing radiation (such as X-ray ... generators) are used or produced; these include research, industry, education, medical facilities, nuclear power, military, ...
Gallium
... -68, a positron emitter with a half-life of 68 min, is now used as a diagnostic radionuclide in PET-CT when linked to ... in gallium-68 generators. Neutrino detection: Gallium is used for neutrino detection. Possibly the largest amount of pure ... Gallium-68's preparation as a pharmaceutical is chemical, and the radionuclide is extracted by elution from germanium-68, a ...
Alternative fuel vehicle
Also radioisotope thermoelectric generators offer according to their large content of high radioactive material an extreme ... The required shielding of these devices depends on the used radio nuclide. Plutonium-238 as nearly pure alpha radiator does not ... As prices for suitable radionuclide are high and energy density is low (generating 1 watt with Plutonium-238 requires a half ... The only vehicle in use, which is driven by radioisotope thermoelectric generators is the Mars rover Curiosity. Other forms of ...
Nuclear pharmacy
First the active technetium is obtained from a radionuclide generator on site, which is then added to a non-radioactive kit ... A technetium-99m generator was commercially available, followed by the availability of a number of Tc-99m based ... It generally involves the practice of combining a radionuclide tracer with a pharmaceutical component that determines the ... A history of radionuclide studies in the UK. Springer. pp. 129-134. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28624-2_17. ISBN 978-3-319-28623-5. ...
Optoelectric nuclear battery
Nuclear battery Betavoltaic device Radioisotopic thermoelectric generator Radioisotope piezoelectric generator List of battery ... "Super-compact radionuclide battery useful for spacecraft contains radionuclide dust particles suspended in a gas or plasma ( ... "Super-compact radionuclide battery useful for spacecraft contains radionuclide dust particles suspended in a gas or plasma ( ... The electric power per weight, compared with existing radionuclide batteries, can then be increased by a factor 10 to 50 or ...
Common beta emitters
Various radionuclides emit beta particles, high-speed electrons or positrons, through radioactive decay of their atomic nucleus ... Nickel-63 is a radioisotope of nickel that can be used as an energy source in Radioisotope Piezoelectric Generators. It has a ... It is also used as a thermal power source in radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) power packs. These use heat produced ... This article lists some common beta-emitting radionuclides of technological importance, and their properties. Strontium-90 is a ...
Marketing authorisation
... radionuclide generators, kits, radionuclide precursor radiopharmaceuticals and industrially prepared radiopharmaceuticals; in ...
List of MeSH codes (H01)
... radionuclide generators MeSH H01.671.606 - optics MeSH H01.671.606.058 - anisotropy MeSH H01.671.606.116 - birefringence MeSH ...
Neutron
... generator Neutron source Neutron bomb Neutron diffraction Neutron flux Neutron transport Cosmogenic radionuclide dating ... Small (tabletop) particle accelerators optimized to produce free neutrons in this way, are called neutron generators. In ... Dedicated neutron sources like neutron generators, research reactors and spallation sources produce free neutrons for use in ...
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
... the development of new radionuclide generator systems, the design and evaluation of new radiopharmaceuticals for applications ... The quantity and variety of radionuclides produced by X-10 for medicine grew steadily in the 1950s. ORNL was the only Western ... Research also takes place into higher efficiency solar panels, geothermal electricity and heating, lower cost wind generators ...
Index of radiation articles
... radionuclide radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) radioisotope heater units radioisotope rocket radioisotopic labelling ... radionuclide computed tomography) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (radionuclide test: see) nuclear medicine ... radiothermal generator) radioisotope thermal generator (radiotoxic: see) ionizing radiation radium Radium, Colorado radium ... radionuclide radioactive quackery (radioactive radiation: see) radiation radioactive tracer radioactive waste (radioactivity) ...
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
As Sr-90, Cs-137 and other lighter radionuclides cannot maintain a nuclear chain reaction under any circumstances, RTGs of ... This type of generator has no moving parts. Because they don't need solar energy, RTGs are ideal for remote and harsh ... A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG, RITEG), sometimes referred to as a radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of ... not really an RTG, the ASRG uses a Stirling power device that runs on radioisotope (see Stirling radioisotope generator) The ...
V. K. Iya
Radiopharmaceuticals from generator produced radionuclides, STI/PUB/294, IAEA, Vienna (1971) Radiopharmacy, M Tubis, W Wolf (Ed ...
X-ray source
... a vacuum tube that produces X-rays when current flows through it X-ray laser X-ray generator, any of various devices using X- ... as viewed in X-ray astronomy X-ray background Naturally occurring radionuclides Artificial X-ray sources Radiopharmaceuticals ...
Nyonoksa radiation accident
Analyses of the radionuclides in the fallout over Severodvinsk show several isotopes that would not have been present if was a ... simple Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) in the explosion". The Barents Observer. Retrieved 26 August 2019. Пешков, Ю ...
Technetium (99mTc) medronic acid
It is usually supplied as a "cold kit" to which radioactive 99mTc from a generator is added. Kit composition may vary between ... a radionuclide that emits gamma rays. The exact structure of the complex is not known. 99mTc-MDP must be prepared in a ... Pertechnetate, eluted from the generator is added to the kit vial, which is swirled and left to stand. The labelling efficiency ...
Isotopes of molybdenum
It is used as a parent radioisotope in technetium-99m generators to produce the even shorter-lived daughter isotope technetium- ... 1014 years Used to produce the medically useful radioisotope technetium-99m Primordial radionuclide Molybdenum-99 is produced ... Typically, quantification of 99Mo breakthrough is performed for every elution when using a 99Mo/99mTc generator during QA-QC ... Richards, P. (1965-10-14). The Technetium-99m Generator (Report). doi:10.2172/4589063. OSTI 4589063. "Emerging leader with new ...
Isotopes of neptunium
... makes it the radionuclide of choice for electric thermogenerators. 237 Np is therefore a key radionuclide for the production of ... Thermoelectric generators were also embarked on board of deep space probes such as for the Pioneer 10 and 11 missions, the ... 237 Np is considered to be one of the most mobile radionuclides at the site of the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository ( ... The first type of thermoelectric generator SNAP (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power) was developed and used by NASA in the ...
Radionuclide generator - Wikipedia
In some cases a cyclotron is used to produce the parent radionuclide for a generator. Long-lived radionuclides which are ... IAEA (2009). Therapeutic radionuclide generators : 90Sr/90Y and 188W/188Re generators. Vienna: International Atomic Energy ... A radionuclide generator is a device which provides a local supply of a short-lived radioactive substance from the decay of a ... Use of a generator avoids the challenge of distributing short-lived radionuclides from the original production site (typically ...
Publications advanced search | Radioisotope Products And Radiation Technology Section - Radioisotopes And Radiopharmaceuticals...
Production of Long Lived Parent Radionuclides for Generators: 68Ge, 82Sr, 90Sr and 188W. ... Cyclotron Produced Radionuclides: Operation and Maintenance of Gas and Liquid Targets. Radioisotopes and Radiopharmaceuticals ... Cyclotron Produced Radionuclides: Guidance on Facility Design and Production of Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). ...
Development of 99 Mo/ 99m Tc Generator System for Production of Medical Radionuclide 99m Tc using a Neutron-activated 99 Mo...
99m Tc Generator System for Production of Medical Radionuclide 99m Tc using a Neutron-activated 99 Mo and Zirconium Based ... Development of 99Mo/99mTc Generator System for Production of Medical Radionuclide 99mTc using a Neutron-activated 99Mo and ... Keywords 137Cs 99Mo/99mTc generator Adsorption capacity Cyclotron Decontamination Diffuse scattering Gamma irradiation Gamma ... The 99mTc produced from this new 99Mo/99mTc generator system attained the quality of 99mTc required for medical purposes. ...
Radionuclide - Wikipedia
Radionuclide generators contain a parent radionuclide that decays to produce a radioactive daughter. The parent is usually ... Synthetic radionuclides are deliberately synthesised using nuclear reactors, particle accelerators or radionuclide generators: ... At least another 60 radionuclides are detectable in nature, either as daughters of primordial radionuclides or as radionuclides ... On Earth, naturally occurring radionuclides fall into three categories: primordial radionuclides, secondary radionuclides, and ...
10247013 | Yearbooks 2017 | University of Pretoria
Other events
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Alan Packard | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
![IJMS | Free Full-Text | Head-to-Head Comparison of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitors (FAPI) Radiotracers versus [18F]F...](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAMAAAAoLQ9TAAAAVFBMVEX////5+frq6+78/P2+wspja4GQlaW+wcu5vMfa2+HNz9afo7LHydKwtL/f4ebw8fODiJqnq7eHjZ0qOFpHUW2Znas9SGZtdIpBS2iLkaNNVW+hpbLT4RO5AAAAd0lEQVQYlZ2PyxLDIAhFAVE0kZiYGvP4//+sTaeZTFedsoA5dwEHgH8KxYc7d30E8nSxCr7GYN6YQHCkIlPuKDvajAemOT+K5cXbMS/ILajrVmxYdT9oboFPh+PJVR0cmAoMn/Xp7FGva4GxGYi5CcWo6Uv5t8+eEwMD9snGd1IAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Head-to-Head Comparison of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitors (FAPI) Radiotracers versus [18F]F...
... taking into account batch size and short radionuclide half-life. Furthermore, the price of 68Ge/68Ga generators should be ... Most of the FAPI radiotracers included in this systematic review were labeled with 68Ga obtained from a 68Ge/68Ga generator; ... To overcome these drawbacks, FAPI radiolabeling with the longer-lived radionuclide 18F was recently investigated [38]. Moreover ... On the other hand, the 68Ga activity obtained from a generator may be limited, ...
Glossary
Machines, such as accelerators, radioisotope generators, and natural radionuclides may be considered sources. Some sources are ... The primary water, contained in one loop, travels through an additional heat exchanger (or steam generator) and produces steam ... Diesel-electric transmissions require access to oxygen for the diesel generator to charge the submarines batteries or drive ... A facility that generates electricity using a nuclear reactor as its heat source to provide steam to a turbine generator. ...
Notify, registration or consent for work with ionising radiation - What you need to do
Work with radiation generators. For work with radiation generators (such as X-ray devices) you must apply to HSE for a ... Work with artificial radionuclides or naturally occurring radionuclides (processed for their radioactive, fissile or fertile ... More on work with radiation generators. Working in an atmosphere that contains radon. For work in an atmosphere containing ... Work with artificial or naturally occurring radionuclides. In the vast majority of cases you will need to apply for a ...
ABR
Experience with a licensed radiopharmacist eluting a radionuclide generator, preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, and safe ... evaluation of the radiation protection practices associated with radionuclide administration. * participation in 5 treatments ... radionuclide technique, radiopharmaceutical technique, radioprotection, and patient dosimetry. Training requires independent ...
Lead + Steel Fabrication
Frontiers | Development of Biocompatible and Functional Polymeric Nanoparticles for Site-Specific Delivery of Radionuclides
Rhenium-188 (188Re), which is also conveniently generator-produced, like 99mTc, has great potential for radionuclide therapy ( ... generator-produced technetium-99m (99mTc) has been the most used radionuclide in routine nuclear medicine and is still the ... One milliliter of [99mTc]-pertechnetate (750-800 MBq), eluted from a 99Mo/99mTc generator (ELU III, IBA Molecular, Gif-sur- ... Rhenium-188: availability from the 188W/188Re generator and status of current applications. Curr Radiopharm (2012) 5:228-43. ...
Medical Dictionary, Dictionary of medicine and human biology, medical, biological and chemical terminology
Myelotoxicity and RBE of 211At-Conjugated Monoclonal Antibodies Compared with 99mTc-Conjugated Monoclonal Antibodies and 60Co...
Radionuclides and External-Beam Irradiation. Two radionuclides, 211At and 99mTc, were used for the internal irradiation. 211At ... The random generator from Matlab (Mathworks) was used to randomly locate the nuclides and choose the directions of radiation ... However, as no appreciable high radionuclide uptake was found in tissues that are known to enrich free radionuclides-for ... As the radionuclides have comparable particle ranges, an error in the geometry will affect the absorbed fraction in a similar ...
Center for Radiopharmacy (CRP)
Because the radionuclides contained in PET-Tracers decay very fast, in most cases there will be no radioactivity left in the ... These so-called PET-Tracers are molecules containing a very short lived radionuclide which decays by emission of positrons. ... Currently two cyclotrons as well as Ge-68/Ga-68 generators are available at the CRP for the generation of radionuclides. "Ready ... Because the radionuclides contained in PET-Tracers decay very fast, in most cases there will be no radioactivity left in the ...
Recognized Consensus Standards: Medical Devices
Device, Beam Limiting, Teletherapy, Radionuclide Class 2 IWD §892.5900. Generator, Orthovoltage, Therapeutic X-Ray Class 2 IYC ... Generator, Low Voltage, Therapeutic X-Ray Class 2 IYD §892.5900. Generator, Dermatological (Grenz Ray), Therapeutic X-Ray Class ... System, Radiation Therapy, Radionuclide Class 2 IWB §892.5750. ... Generator, High Voltage, X-Ray, Therapeutic Class 2 KPZ § ...
VITO | VITO
Radiopharmaceuticals Market Size, Industry Analysis - 2031
Rosatom State Atomiс Energy Corporation ROSATOM global leader in nuclear technologies nuclear energy
Finally, was signed a deal for the supply of radionuclide heat units (UHR) used as parts of radioisotope thermoelectric ... Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator) parts for Chinas lunar exploration programme. ... generators to power equipment in Chinas space programme, for use in lunar exploration in particular. ...
Molecular Tracer and Imaging Core Facility Lab Resources | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Zeshan Haider - Barker Brettell
SPECT strengths hold up against PET for long term
Rubidium generators or copper-62 ATSM will be used frequently for myocardial perfusion imaging, providing more accurate results ... This will be applicable to most antibodies that can be used for therapeutic purposes with Y-90 or other treatment radionuclides ... The future of radiolabeled antibodies with single-photon-emitting radionuclides is questionable at this time. I believe that Y- ... Rather than see PET replace SPECT and become the exclusive method for performing functional imaging with radionuclides, I would ...
Vorlesungsverzeichnis - ETH Zürich
Production of novel diagnostic radionuclides in small medical cyclotrons | EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry | Full Text
MeV for radionuclides production. This review focuses on the recent developments of novel medical radionuclides produced by ... The production of the following medical radionuclides will be described based on available literature sources: Tc-99 m, I- ... More research is needed to make novel radionuclide cyclotron production available for the medical industry. ... Many unique novel radionuclides can be produced, especially parent radionuclides for the generators, like 68Ge or 82Sr. High ...
Administrative Rules of the State of Montana
d) the label affixed to the generator or reagent kit contains information on the radionuclide, quantity, and date of assay; and ... e) the label affixed to the generator or reagent kit, or the leaflet or brochure which accompanies the generator or reagent kit ... i) the generator or reagent kit is to be manufactured, labeled and packaged in accordance with the federal Food, Drug and ... ii) the manufacture and distribution of the generator or reagent kit are not subject to the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act ...
CPV 14740000 Tenders - Molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium and rhodium
GTR : 68801850 radiopharmaceutical radioisotope, radionuclide generator * 8,91,06,972 - BRL *Aug 29, 2023 ... GTR : 68479714 supply of technetium generators 19gbq (ts99m) for november december 2023 for the needs of gauz rkod mz rt im. ... GTR : 66581400 supply of technetium generator for the nuclear medicine center of the la libertad hacvp care network ... GTR : 64562891 supply of technetium 99m generators for the needs of the research institute of cardiology of the tomsk national ...
Walid A Metwally | ORNL
Walid A. Metwally, Yumna Adel, Entesar Dalah, and Husam Al-Omari Utilizing, "Utilizing Neutron Generators in Boron Neutron ... Fatima E. Alzaabi, Bassam A. Khuwaileh, Walid A. Metwally, "An Exploratory Study for Radionuclide Dispersion in Water Resources ... Fatima E. Alzaabi, Bassam A. Khuwaileh, Walid A. Metwally, "An Exploratory Study for Atmospheric Radionuclide Dispersion and ... "Beam Studies in Gadolinium Neutron Capture Therapy Using Neutron Generators" Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 123 ...
RadiopharmaceuticalCosmogenic radionuclidesCyclotronLiving organismsPrimordial90SrComputed tomographyNeutron generatorsNaturallyArtificially producedTherapyNuclear medicineDecayParticle68GeTherapeuticIsotopesRadioactiveExposureShort-livedRadioisotope thermoelecRadiochemicalClinicallyAtomsPrecursorNucleusCropsEmissionsRadiopharmaceuticals basedTechnetiumCyclotronsDoseDiagnosticProductionLeaksEnvironmentalIndiaMineralsTypicallyMeasurementPotentiallyGammaChemicalStudyReleaseParentEnvironmentNaturalApplicationsSourcesStudiesHalf-livesHighSmall
Radiopharmaceutical4
- A pharmaceutical drug made with radionuclides is called a radiopharmaceutical . (wikipedia.org)
- During the clinical physics service rotations, the resident will be fully trained in all clinical activities of nuclear medical physics, including imaging, therapeutic applications, radionuclide technique, radiopharmaceutical technique, radioprotection, and patient dosimetry. (theabr.org)
- Radiopharmaceuticals are classified into four different categories, which are radiopharmaceutical preparation, radionuclide generator, radiopharmaceutical precursor, and radiopharmaceutical preparation kit. (transparencymarketresearch.com)
- Some of the presented radionuclides can potentially be used in theranostic applications, i.e. a combined diagnostic and therapeutic effect within single application of the radiopharmaceutical. (springeropen.com)
Cosmogenic radionuclides3
- On Earth, naturally occurring radionuclides fall into three categories: primordial radionuclides, secondary radionuclides, and cosmogenic radionuclides. (wikipedia.org)
- Alternative estimates of the past geomagnetic field intensity can be obtained from cosmogenic radionuclides (e.g. (lu.se)
- Cosmogenic radionuclides are produced in the atmosphere by interactions with cosmic rays at a rate that is inversely related to the strength of the Earth's and the Sun's magnetic fields. (lu.se)
Cyclotron8
- An alternative to generators for on-site production of radionuclides is a cyclotron, though it is uncommon that the same radionuclide can be provided by both methods. (wikipedia.org)
- In some cases a cyclotron is used to produce the parent radionuclide for a generator. (wikipedia.org)
- Cyclotron produced radionuclides : principles and practice. (wikipedia.org)
- We have the following chemical analysis capabilities: NMR, HPLC, GC-MS and LC-MS. We obtain radionuclides from the Cyclotron Facility of the PET Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center and from commercial vendors. (nih.gov)
- More research is needed to make novel radionuclide cyclotron production available for the medical industry. (springeropen.com)
- 2013 ). Currently most hospital radio-pharmacies derive their radionuclides from three types of sources: nuclear research reactors, radionuclide generators and cyclotron facilities (Table 1 ). (springeropen.com)
- It is worth mentioning that the generators still need a reactor or cyclotron source to produce the parent radionuclide. (springeropen.com)
- Developing radiosynthesis methods and creating the quality standard for radiopharmaceuticals based on cyclotron and generator-produced positron-emitting isotopes. (almazovcentre.ru)
Living organisms1
- Unplanned exposure to radionuclides generally has a harmful effect on living organisms including humans, although low levels of exposure occur naturally without harm. (wikipedia.org)
Primordial4
- Thirty-two of those are primordial radionuclides that were created before the earth was formed. (wikipedia.org)
- At least another 60 radionuclides are detectable in nature, either as daughters of primordial radionuclides or as radionuclides produced through natural production on Earth by cosmic radiation. (wikipedia.org)
- With the longest half lives are the 32 primordial radionuclides that have survived from the creation of the Solar System. (msrblog.com)
- Primordial radionuclides originate mainly from the interiors of stars. (ctbto.org)
90Sr1
- Therapeutic radionuclide generators : 90Sr/90Y and 188W/188Re generators. (wikipedia.org)
Computed tomography1
- Developing and improving the protocols for radionuclide studies and computed tomography to reduce the exposure of patients and medical staff to ionizing radiation. (almazovcentre.ru)
Neutron generators2
- He also spent a year researching nuclear physics on accelerator-produced radionuclides, particularly neutron generators. (barkerbrettell.co.uk)
- Walid A. Metwally , Y. A. Alharahsheh, E. Dalah, and H. Al-Omari, "Beam Studies in Gadolinium Neutron Capture Therapy Using Neutron Generators" Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 123, 2020. (ornl.gov)
Naturally5
- Radionuclides occur naturally or are artificially produced in nuclear reactors , cyclotrons , particle accelerators or radionuclide generators . (wikipedia.org)
- and naturally existing radionuclides within the body, 40 mrem (0.40 mSv). (cdc.gov)
- Recall that naturally occurring radionuclides such as uranium or plutonium exist in finite quantities on Earth, so you have to use them in a sustainable manner. (msrblog.com)
- Radionuclides - often called radioisotopes - may occur naturally, but they can also be artificially produced. (ctbto.org)
- There are some radioactive noble gas isotopes, i.e. radionuclides, which do not occur naturally but can only be produced by nuclear reactions. (ctbto.org)
Artificially produced1
- Artificially produced radionuclides can be generated by nuclear reactors, particle accelerators, radionuclide generators or nuclear explosions. (ctbto.org)
Therapy2
- Its total radiation dose delivered to tissues is comparable to other radionuclides used in therapy today. (oncobeta.com)
- 5. U. Pandey, A. Mukheryee, H.D. Sharma, T. Das, M.R.I. Pillai, M. Venka Tesh, "Evaluation of 90 Y-DTPA and 90 Y-DOTA for potential application in intra-vascular radionuclide therapy," Appl. (nstri.ir)
Nuclear medicine3
- However, radionuclides with suitable properties are used in nuclear medicine for both diagnosis and treatment. (wikipedia.org)
- High-purity radionuclides are a key element in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for applications in nuclear medicine. (springeropen.com)
- To acquire this capability, the hospital incorporated a gallium generator and set up an entirely new labeling procedure in the nuclear medicine department. (philips.co.id)
Decay6
- A radionuclide generator is a device which provides a local supply of a short-lived radioactive substance from the decay of a longer-lived parent radionuclide. (wikipedia.org)
- During those processes, the radionuclide is said to undergo radioactive decay . (wikipedia.org)
- The radioactive decay can produce a stable nuclide or will sometimes produce a new unstable radionuclide which may undergo further decay. (wikipedia.org)
- Because the radionuclides contained in PET-Tracers decay very fast, in most cases there will be no radioactivity left in the body after a few hours of their administration. (usz.ch)
- A radionuclide is an isotope with an unstable nucleus that loses its excess energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves in a process called radioactive decay. (ctbto.org)
- Technetium-99m is the decay product of radionuclide Molybdenum-99. (isotop.ru)
Particle1
- Every alpha-particle emitted from this radionuclide has this energy. (wikibooks.org)
68Ge1
- The 68Ge/68Ga generator in the radionuclide laboratory (center) is shielded inside. (philips.co.id)
Therapeutic1
- Radionuclides are used in diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. (springeropen.com)
Isotopes1
- Uses of Radionuclide a Radioactive Tracer is a chemical compound in which one or two atoms have been replaced by radioactive isotopes. (msrblog.com)
Radioactive11
- A radionuclide ( radioactive nuclide , radioisotope or radioactive isotope ) is a nuclide that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. (wikipedia.org)
- An imaging tracer made with radionuclides is called a radioactive tracer . (wikipedia.org)
- and the initial concentrations of the radionuclide in the product or material at time of transfer of the radioactive material by the licensee. (mt.gov)
- The OncoBeta® tungsten (wolfram)-188/rhenium-188 (W/Re-188) Generators can be used for radiolabeling reactions or directly as a high dose liquid radioactive source. (oncobeta.com)
- We are happy to collaborate with Shannon D. Brown and his team to bring the 188 W/ 188 Re Generators to India, which are used for radiolabelling reactions or as a high dose liquid radioactive source. (oncobeta.com)
- Our generators are characterized for having high activity concentrations and elution volumes which can be used for radiolabeling or directly as a high dose liquid radioactive source. (oncobeta.com)
- A Radionuclide (radioactive nuclide or radionuclides) is an unstable nuclide and thus degenerates emitting ionizing radiation . (msrblog.com)
- In biology, radionuclides of carbon can serve as radioactive tracers because they are chemically very similar to the nonradioactive nuclides, so most chemical, biological, and ecological processes treat them in a nearly identical way. (msrblog.com)
- Radionuclides that find their way into the environment may cause harmful effects as radioactive contamination. (msrblog.com)
- Radionuclide stations measure radioactive particles and noble gases, i.e. radionuclides, in the air. (ctbto.org)
- The objective of the CTBTO's radionuclide monitoring network is to detect this residual radiation in the form of radioactive particles or noble gas, even if only in miniscule amounts. (ctbto.org)
Exposure2
- Potential health damage from exposure to radionuclides depends on a number of factors, and "can damage the functions of healthy tissue/organs. (msrblog.com)
- Soil samples were collected and measured using a gamma spectroscopy system to evaluate the contributions of specific radionuclides to external terrestrial exposure. (bvsalud.org)
Short-lived1
- These so-called PET-Tracers are molecules containing a very short lived radionuclide which decays by emission of positrons. (usz.ch)
Radioisotope thermoelec1
- Finally, was signed a deal for the supply of radionuclide heat units (UHR) used as parts of radioisotope thermoelectric generators to power equipment in China's space programme, for use in lunar exploration in particular. (rosatom.ru)
Radiochemical1
- 68 Ga radioisotope was extracted from a 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator with high radionuclide, chemical and radiochemical purities. (ijrr.com)
Clinically1
- Long-lived radionuclides which are administered to a patient with a view to utilising useful properties of a daughter product have been termed in-vivo generators, though they are not routinely used clinically. (wikipedia.org)
Atoms1
- In comparison to radionuclide particles, noble gas atoms are very small. (ctbto.org)
Precursor1
- Molybdenum produced from fission of U-235 is the most desirable precursor for 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generator system as it is non-carrier added and has high specific activity. (batan.go.id)
Nucleus1
- A radionuclide is an atom with an unstable nucleus. (msrblog.com)
Crops1
- Agriculture Radionuclides are used to stop the sprouting of root crops after harvesting. (msrblog.com)
Emissions1
- Radionuclide emissions from a coal-fired power plant. (kkp.go.id)
Radiopharmaceuticals based1
- Sodium pertechnetate is injected into the human body during scintigraphy of stomach, brain, thyroid and salivary glands, during radionuclide angiocardiography and ventriculography, as well as for producing radiopharmaceuticals based on the sets of corresponding reagents used in diagnosis of lungs, bones, kidneys and liver. (isotop.ru)
Technetium5
- Elements heavier than lead , and the elements technetium and promethium , exist only as radionuclides. (wikipedia.org)
- GTR : 69814736 request for proposals are invited for request for proposal (rfp) for radiopharmaceuticals production lines (iodine 131 and molybdenum 99/technetium 99m generator production) province: north west closing date: friday, 18 august 2023 11:00 place w. (tenderdetail.com)
- Isotope JSC offers its services in delivering Technetium-99m generators. (isotop.ru)
- Our Technetium-99m generators are delivered to hospitals completely ready for service. (isotop.ru)
- Technetium-99m generator is designed for multiple production of sterile pyrogen-free sodium pertechnetate in isotonic sodium chloride (0,9% NaCl) solution. (isotop.ru)
Cyclotrons5
- It is feasible to have cyclotrons at larger centres, but they are much more expensive and complex than generators. (wikipedia.org)
- Currently two cyclotrons as well as Ge-68/Ga-68 generators are available at the CRP for the generation of radionuclides. (usz.ch)
- The bulk of its industrial potential is composed of small medical cyclotrons with a proton energy below 20 MeV for radionuclides production. (springeropen.com)
- This review focuses on the recent developments of novel medical radionuclides produced by cyclotrons in the energy range of 3 MeV to 20 MeV. (springeropen.com)
- This review article focuses on recent developments in the production of novel diagnostic radionuclides by using small medical cyclotrons. (springeropen.com)
Dose1
- The overall absorbed dose rate owing to radionuclide presence in the Uttarkashi area ranged from 79 to 188 nGyh-1, with an average of 118 nGyh-1. (bvsalud.org)
Diagnostic1
- Studying the diagnostic effectiveness of radionuclide imaging methods in patients with internal diseases. (almazovcentre.ru)
Production3
- Production and purification of radionuclides. (up.ac.za)
- The production of the following medical radionuclides will be described based on available literature sources: Tc-99 m, I-123, I-124, Zr-89, Cu-64, Ga-67, Ga-68, In-111, Y-86 and Sc-44. (springeropen.com)
- In addition to that, other implications (such as political or economical changes) may discourage the production of certain radionuclides. (springeropen.com)
Leaks2
- And I doubt that there is 100% successful containment of the radionuclides after that, either the whole plant leaks like a sieve. (animatedsoftware.com)
- Industry In industry, and in mining, radionuclides: examine welds, to detect leaks, to study the rate of wear, erosion and corrosion of metals, and for on-stream analysis of a wide range of minerals and fuels. (msrblog.com)
Environmental2
- The network is supported by 16 radionuclide laboratories with expertise in environmental monitoring, providing independent additional analysis of IMS samples. (ctbto.org)
- Our research group focuses on environmental radiology, specifically studying the release of radionuclides from various sources. (lu.se)
India2
- B.J. Madan & Co India and OncoBeta announce exclusive distribution agreement for W/Re-188 generators. (oncobeta.com)
- B.J Madan & Co and OncoBeta announced the execution of an exclusive distribution agreement for the next generation of W/Re-188 generators in India. (oncobeta.com)
Minerals2
- Natural radionuclides are used in geology, archaeology, and paleontology to measure ages of rocks, minerals, and fossil materials. (msrblog.com)
- With a history of more than 200 years of tin mining, Bangka Island has brought along a byproduct of heavy minerals containing radionuclide elements. (bvsalud.org)
Typically2
- The generator provides a way to separate the desired product from the parent, typically in a process that can be repeated several times over the life of the parent. (wikipedia.org)
- This is typically the case when government allocated investments or decisions influence the distribution of sources of the radionuclide, e.g. by phasing out a nuclear reactor (Krijger et al. (springeropen.com)
Measurement1
- The concentration measurement of natural radionuclide activity was carried out using HPGe detector gamma-ray spectrometry at marine radioecology laboratory of National Nuclear Energy Agency. (kkp.go.id)
Potentially1
- The release of fly ash into the environment can potentially increase the concentration of natural radionuclides in the surrounding environment, including marine waters. (kkp.go.id)
Gamma1
- The radionuclide are also used to emit gamma-rays that control the ripening of different fruit and vegetables. (msrblog.com)
Chemical2
- All chemical elements can exist as radionuclides. (wikipedia.org)
- The staff has significant experience in conducting multistep chemical synthesis of small drug-like molecules and developing strategies for incorporation of F-18 (including aluminum fluoride complexes), Cu-64, Ga-68, Y-86, Zr-89 or Br-76 radionuclides. (nih.gov)
Study5
- Fatima E. Alzaabi, Bassam A. Khuwaileh, Walid A. Metwally , "An Exploratory Study for Atmospheric Radionuclide Dispersion and Deposition at Barakah Power Plant Site," Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 123, 2020. (ornl.gov)
- Environment Radionuclides are used to trace and analyze pollutants, to study the movement of surface water, and to measure water runoffs from rain and snow. (msrblog.com)
- This study aimed to determine the activity of natural radionuclides in seabed sediments and the radiological impact on marine organisms related to Tanjung Awar-Awar Coal-Fired Power Plant activities in Tuban. (kkp.go.id)
- Study on the Increase of Natural Radionuclides Due to Fly Ash Release Around the Labuan Power Plant. (kkp.go.id)
- SPECT scanning has been found to be more sensitive than either plain radiography or planar bone scintigraphy in detecting spondylolysis and has, for the most part, replaced planar bone scanning as the radionuclide imaging study of first choice in suspected pars interarticularis lesions. (medscape.com)
Release1
- But if the diesel generators run out of the fuel, it will cause the melt of the reactor core and the release of radionuclides into the environment, just as it happened in Fukushima. (ualrpublicradio.org)
Parent1
- Its advantageous physical properties, its potential low cost, and with a long-lived parent make this generator an attractive option for clinical use. (oncobeta.com)
Environment2
Natural5
- Fly ash and bottom ash from coal combustion can contain natural radionuclides with a certain concentration. (kkp.go.id)
- The detected concentration of natural radionuclide activity was 40K ranging from 159.18 to 365.88 Bq.Kg-1, 228Ac ranging from 14.47 to 28.05 Bq.Kg-1, and 226Ra ranging from 15.00 to 67.65 Bq.Kg-1. (kkp.go.id)
- Natural radionuclide of Po210 in the edible seafood affected by coal-fired power plant industry in Kapar coastal area of Malaysia. (kkp.go.id)
- Radiation doses to aquatic organisms from natural radionuclides. (kkp.go.id)
- In my research project I aim to (i) generate new palaeomagnetic data from key locations in the Southern Hemisphere, (ii) assess timescale uncertainties and adjust for natural smoothing of sedimentary data and (iii) incorporate, for the first time, geomagnetic field intensity estimates from cosmogenic radionuclide records to construct new high-resolution geomagnetic field models for the past 10,000 years. (lu.se)
Applications1
- And they're not stopping there: the St. Antonius radiopharmacists are investing in other applications of their gallium generator, and in bringing expanded capabilities to other hospitals. (philips.co.id)
Sources1
- Artificial radionuclide generators employed in medicine in general and radiotherapy sources in particulars. (cutm.ac.in)
Studies2
- Radionuclide imaging studies, including planar bone scanning and, more specifically, SPECT bone scanning, have been found to be more sensitive than plain radiography in detecting pars lesions. (medscape.com)
- Similar results have been obtained in other studies, and it appears that bone scans may have a role in identifying those cases in which the spondylolytic lesion is the pain generator rather than just an incidental finding. (medscape.com)
Half-lives3
- There are about 730 radionuclides with half-lives longer than 60 minutes (see list of nuclides ). (wikipedia.org)
- More than 2400 radionuclides have half-lives less than 60 minutes. (wikipedia.org)
- In theory, elements heavier than dysprosium exist only as radionuclides, but some such elements, like gold and platinum , are observationally stable and their half-lives have not been determined). (wikipedia.org)
High2
- For work with radiation generators (such as X-ray devices) you must apply to HSE for a registration, unless it's a high-risk work practice that requires consent. (hse.gov.uk)
- Rhenium-188 (Re-188) is a high energy-emitting radioisotope obtained from the 188 W/ 188 Re Generator. (oncobeta.com)
Small1
- 238,000 large and small quantity generators). (dpforex.com)
