Decompression
Compartment Syndromes
Decompression, Surgical
Haemorrhage and risk factors associated with retrobulbar/peribulbar block: a prospective study in 1383 patients. (1/11)
Patients undergoing intraocular surgery are elderly and may have disease or be receiving medication which increases the risk of haemorrhage. We interviewed 1383 consecutive patients scheduled for eye surgery requiring retrobulbar/peribulbar block about their use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral steroids and warfarin. A history of diabetes mellitus and globe axial length was noted. Medial peribulbar and inferolateral retrobulbar blocks were performed by three specialists and six doctors in training. The ensuing haemorrhages were graded as follows: 1 = spot ecchymosis; 2 = lid ecchymosis involving half of the lid surface area or less; 3 = lid ecchymosis all around the eye, no increase in intraocular pressure; 4 = retrobulbar haemorrhage with increased intraocular pressure. Acetylsalicylic acid was taken by 482 (35%) patients, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by 260 (19%) and warfarin by 76 (5.5%). Lid haemorrhages (grades 1-3) were observed in 55 patients (4.0%); in 33 of these patients the haemorrhages were spotlike (grade 1). No grade 4 haemorrhages occurred. The preoperative use of acetylsalicylic acid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or warfarin, whether or not they had been discontinued, did not predispose to haemorrhage associated with retrobulbar/peribulbar block. (+info)Vascular hamartoma of the orbit. (2/11)
The aim of this presentation is to report a combined form of vascular malformation of the orbit. A 2-year-old girl had a four-month history of severe proptosis in the right eye. The patient had intermittent proptosis in association with a common cold. The globe was displaced downward and extraocular motility was markedly limited. Multiple intraconal and some extraconal cysts were removed with transcutaneous transseptal anterior orbitotomy. Histological examination showed several characteristics of vascular anomaly. There were malformatively dilated veins intermingled with dilated lymphatic channels, focal cavernous and capillary hemangiomatous features. This combined form of vascular anomaly can be presented as a venous lymphatic malformation associated with hemangiomatous features. (+info)Byler's disease and anesthetic consideration. (3/11)
Byler's disease is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis, progressive fibrotic changes and finally cirrhosis that leads to death during childhood. This is a report of a six-year-old girl with Byler's disease and retrobulbar hematoma as a result of trauma who underwent enucleation and implantation. This case report describes the anesthetic features of a patient with Byler's disease in which anesthetic agents with no or minimal hepatotoxic effect should be used to avoid deterioration of liver function. (+info)Retrobulbar haemorrhage associated with chronic Gingko biloba ingestion. (4/11)
Retrobulbar haemorrhage is a rare and potentially sight threatening complication after peribulbar local anaesthetic injection for cataract surgery. A case is reported of a woman who developed this complication and was subsequently found to have been taking Gingko biloba extract tablets which may have predisposed her to developing the haemorrhage. (+info)Unusual progression of pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: case report. (5/11)
A 72-year-old female complained of acute pain on left eye movement followed by progressive exophthalmos. Neuroimaging revealed a large well-demarcated lesion consisting of solid and cystic parts, as well as bone destruction and hemorrhage, within the left orbital cavity. The preoperative diagnosis was pleomorphic adenoma with or without malignant transformation, or cavernous angioma. En bloc excision including adjacent tissues was planned to resolve the progressive symptoms and to obtain a histological diagnosis. The transcranial route was chosen since tumor invasion to the cranial base was possible. The histological diagnosis was pleomorphic adenoma. Pathological and preoperative radiological examinations indicated that repeated intratumoral hemorrhage had caused the orbital bone destruction and acute orbital pain. Neoplasms should be differentiated from a wide spectrum of other possible pathologies. Accurate clinical diagnosis of neoplasm in the orbital cavity is important for correct therapeutic management. Malignancy is generally suspected if painful and progressive signs and symptoms are associated with an orbital mass lesion. The present case suggests that pleomorphic adenoma should also be considered in the differential diagnosis. The therapeutic strategy for lacrimal gland tumors remains controversial, so a flexible management approach is required. (+info)Blindness after cosmetic blepharoplasty: case report. (6/11)
Blepharoplasty is one of the most commonly performed surgeries for rejuvenation of the periorbital region. We present a case of unilateral permanent visual loss following a bilateral lower lid cosmetic blepharoplasty with fat removal. The etiology of retrobulbar hemorrhage following blepharoplasty, treatment, and recommendations to reduce the chance of this rare but serious complication are discussed. (+info)Visual recovery following emergent orbital decompression in traumatic retrobulbar haemorrhage. (7/11)
INTRODUCTION: Acute retrobulbar haemorrhage is a potentially sight-threatening condition, and can follow retrobulbar anaesthesia or trauma to the orbit. Acute loss of vision can occur with retrobulbar haemorrhage and is reversible if the condition is recognised and treated early. CLINICAL PICTURE: We report a case of acute retrobulbar haemorrhage following orbital trauma in a 78-year-old Chinese lady. TREATMENT: The patient was on follow-up for a mature cataract in the right eye and had been scheduled for cataract surgery. The patient presented to the emergency department with acute loss of vision in the right eye, severe proptosis and tense periorbital haematoma after she hit her right face following a fall. Computed tomography scans revealed fractures of the floor, lateral and medial walls of the right orbit as well as retrobulbar and periorbital haematoma. There was marked proptosis and tenting of the globe with stretching of the optic nerve. Emergent lateral canthotomy and cantholysis was performed at the emergency department. The patient subsequently underwent surgical evacuation of the orbital haematoma. OUTCOME: The patient's vision in the right eye recovered from no perception of light to light perception over the next few days. After a month of follow-up, the patient underwent right cataract surgery, and her best corrected visual acuity was 6/12 part. CONCLUSION: In severe acute retrobulbar haemorrhage, prompt surgical evacuation of the haematoma can reverse visual loss. (+info)Emergency lateral canthotomy and cantholysis: a simple procedure to preserve vision from sight threatening orbital hemorrhage. (8/11)
Retrobulbar hemorrhage is an uncommon, but potentially devastating complication associated with facial trauma. It can rapidly fill the orbit and cause an "orbital compartment syndrome" that subsequently cuts off perfusion to vital ocular structures, leading to permanent visual loss. Treatment must be initiated within a limited time in order to prevent these effects; however, specialty consultation is not always available in remote field environments. This article addresses the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment ofretrobulbar hemorrhage via lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, and recommends that 18D medical sergeants be properly trained to evaluate and perform this sight-saving procedure in emergent settings where upper echelons of care are not immediately available. (+info)A retrobulbar hemorrhage is a rare but serious condition that involves the accumulation of blood in the retrobulbar space, which is the area between the back surface of the eyeball (the globe) and the front part of the bony socket (orbit) that contains it. This space is normally filled with fatty tissue and various supportive structures like muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.
Retrobulbar hemorrhage typically occurs as a result of trauma or surgery to the eye or orbit, causing damage to the blood vessels in this area. The bleeding can lead to increased pressure within the orbit, which may compress the optic nerve and restrict the flow of blood and oxygen to the eye. This can result in rapid vision loss, proptosis (forward displacement of the eyeball), pain, and other ocular dysfunctions.
Immediate medical attention is required for retrobulbar hemorrhage, as it can lead to permanent visual impairment or blindness if not treated promptly. Treatment options may include observation, medication, or surgical intervention to relieve the pressure and restore blood flow to the eye.
Decompression, in the medical context, refers to the process of reducing pressure on a body part or on a tissue, organ, or fluid within the body. This is often used to describe procedures that are intended to relieve excessive pressure built up inside the body, such as:
1. Decompression sickness treatment: Also known as "the bends," this condition occurs when nitrogen bubbles form in the blood and tissues due to rapid decompression, typically during scuba diving. Decompression involves using a hyperbaric chamber to slowly reduce the pressure and allow the nitrogen to safely dissolve and be eliminated from the body.
2. Spinal decompression: This is a minimally invasive therapeutic treatment for managing pain in the spine, often used to alleviate pressure on nerves or discs within the spinal column. Decompression can be achieved through various methods, such as traction, motorized tables, or vacuum-created devices that gently stretch and realign the spine, promoting circulation and reducing pressure on compressed nerves.
3. Ear decompression: This procedure is used to equalize pressure in the middle ear during scuba diving or flying at high altitudes. It can be achieved by swallowing, yawning, or performing the Valsalva maneuver (pinching the nose and blowing gently). In some cases, a doctor may need to perform a myringotomy, which involves making a small incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure.
4. Decompression of body parts: This can be relevant in situations where a part of the body is subjected to increased pressure due to various reasons, such as compartment syndrome or edema. In these cases, decompression may involve surgical intervention to release the pressure and prevent further damage to tissues and nerves.
Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and there might be other medical scenarios where the term "decompression" is used in a similar context.
Orbital diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the orbit, which is the bony cavity in the skull that contains the eye, muscles, nerves, fat, and blood vessels. These diseases can cause various symptoms such as eyelid swelling, protrusion or displacement of the eyeball, double vision, pain, and limited extraocular muscle movement.
Orbital diseases can be broadly classified into inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic (benign or malignant), vascular, traumatic, and congenital categories. Some examples of orbital diseases include:
* Orbital cellulitis: a bacterial or fungal infection that causes swelling and inflammation in the orbit
* Graves' disease: an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland and can cause protrusion of the eyeballs (exophthalmos)
* Orbital tumors: benign or malignant growths that develop in the orbit, such as optic nerve gliomas, lacrimal gland tumors, and lymphomas
* Carotid-cavernous fistulas: abnormal connections between the carotid artery and cavernous sinus, leading to pulsatile proptosis and other symptoms
* Orbital fractures: breaks in the bones surrounding the orbit, often caused by trauma
* Congenital anomalies: structural abnormalities present at birth, such as craniofacial syndromes or dermoid cysts.
Proper diagnosis and management of orbital diseases require a multidisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists, neurologists, radiologists, and other specialists.
Compartment syndromes refer to a group of conditions characterized by increased pressure within a confined anatomical space (compartment), leading to impaired circulation and nerve function. These compartments are composed of bones, muscles, tendons, blood vessels, and nerves, surrounded by a tough fibrous fascial covering that does not expand easily.
There are two main types of compartment syndromes: acute and chronic.
1. Acute Compartment Syndrome (ACS): This is a medical emergency that typically occurs after trauma, fractures, or prolonged compression of the affected limb. The increased pressure within the compartment reduces blood flow to the muscles and nerves, causing ischemia, pain, and potential muscle and nerve damage if not promptly treated with fasciotomy (surgical release of the fascial covering). Symptoms include severe pain disproportionate to the injury, pallor, paresthesia (abnormal sensation), pulselessness, and paralysis.
2. Chronic Compartment Syndrome (CCS) or Exertional Compartment Syndrome: This condition is caused by repetitive physical activities that lead to increased compartment pressure over time. The symptoms are usually reversible with rest and may include aching, cramping, tightness, or swelling in the affected limb during exercise. CCS rarely leads to permanent muscle or nerve damage if managed appropriately with activity modification, physical therapy, and occasionally surgical intervention (fasciotomy or fasciectomy).
Early recognition and appropriate management of compartment syndromes are crucial for preventing long-term complications such as muscle necrosis, contractures, and nerve damage.
An eye hemorrhage, also known as subconjunctival hemorrhage, is a condition where there is bleeding in the eye, specifically under the conjunctiva which is the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye (sclera). This membrane has tiny blood vessels that can rupture and cause blood to accumulate, leading to a visible red patch on the surface of the eye.
Eye hemorrhages are usually painless and harmless, and they often resolve on their own within 1-2 weeks without any treatment. However, if they occur frequently or are accompanied by other symptoms such as vision changes, pain, or sensitivity to light, it is important to seek medical attention as they could indicate a more serious underlying condition. Common causes of eye hemorrhages include trauma, high blood pressure, blood thinners, and aging.
Surgical decompression is a medical procedure that involves relieving pressure on a nerve or tissue by creating additional space. This is typically accomplished through the removal of a portion of bone or other tissue that is causing the compression. The goal of surgical decompression is to alleviate symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness caused by the compression.
In the context of spinal disorders, surgical decompression is often used to treat conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or bone spurs that are compressing nerves in the spine. The specific procedure used may vary depending on the location and severity of the compression, but common techniques include laminectomy, discectomy, and foraminotomy.
It's important to note that surgical decompression is a significant medical intervention that carries risks such as infection, bleeding, and injury to surrounding tissues. As with any surgery, it should be considered as a last resort after other conservative treatments have been tried and found to be ineffective. A thorough evaluation by a qualified medical professional is necessary to determine whether surgical decompression is appropriate in a given case.
In medical terms, the orbit refers to the bony cavity or socket in the skull that contains and protects the eye (eyeball) and its associated structures, including muscles, nerves, blood vessels, fat, and the lacrimal gland. The orbit is made up of several bones: the frontal bone, sphenoid bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla bone, and palatine bone. These bones form a pyramid-like shape that provides protection for the eye while also allowing for a range of movements.
Enophthalmos is a medical term that refers to the abnormal positioning of the eyeball within its socket, resulting in a posterior or backward displacement of the eye. This condition can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, surgical procedures, or diseases that affect the orbital tissues, including cancer, inflammation, or infection. Enophthalmos may lead to cosmetic concerns and visual disturbances, depending on its severity. A thorough examination by an ophthalmologist or an oculoplastic surgeon is necessary for accurate diagnosis and management of this condition.
Retrobulbar bleeding
Management of strabismus
Canthus
Canthotomy
Facial trauma
Strabismus surgery
Anesthesia for eye surgery
Orbital cellulitis
Exophthalmos
List of MeSH codes (C11)
Deltaarterivirus hemfev
Optic neuropathy
Intravitreal injection
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
List of MeSH codes (C23)
Mitochondrial optic neuropathies
Optic neuritis
Erythropoietin in neuroprotection
Cataract surgery
Trabeculectomy
Phacoemulsification
Behçet's disease
Retrobulbar bleeding - Wikipedia
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Lateral Canthotomy and Cantholysis: Overview, Indications, Contraindications
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Hemorragia
Perforation3
- 6 Although peribulbar anesthesia affords greater safety, the possibility of scleral perforation, hemorrhage, brainstem anesthesia, and dysrhythmia still exist. (asahq.org)
- However, many complications are associated with this technique such as globe perforation, brain stem anesthesia and retro bulbar hemorrhage, which is the most frequent complication [ 4 ]. (longdom.org)
- Perforation of the eyeball, retrobulbar hemorrhage, and injection of the LA in the sheath of the optic nerve when performing the ERB with needles longer than 30 mm have been reported 7, 8. (mr-beck.com)
Anesthesia5
- Retrobulbar block also provides sensory anesthesia of the cornea, uvea, and conjunctiva by blocking the ciliary nerves. (medscape.com)
- Retrobulbar block is used for any ophthalmic surgery or procedure requiring globe anesthesia and akinesia. (medscape.com)
- Our concern is, however, that the author's conclusion that STB is safer and preferable to other ocular anesthetic techniques is based solely on a comparison of this approach to a series of retrobulbar anesthetics, without consideration of the many other factors that may determine the choice of ocular anesthesia. (asahq.org)
- In Guise's study, retrobulbar anesthesia complication rates were compared to the STB technique. (asahq.org)
- 3-5 Most clinicians practicing ophthalmic regional anesthesia currently use peribulbar anesthesia rather than retrobulbar because this technique carries a lower complication rate. (asahq.org)
Ocular3
- Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis should be performed for ocular compartment syndrome (most commonly caused by retrobulbar hemorrhage) with acute loss of visual acuity, relative afferent pupillary defect, increased IOP, and proptosis. (medscape.com)
- Ocular hemorrhage, p.214-221. (scielo.br)
- 2 The features of retrobulbar hemorrhage include acute loss of visual acuity, relative afferent pupillary defect, proptosis with resistance to retropulsion, increased intraocular pressure, and limited extra ocular movement. (jetem.org)
Trauma5
- Retrobulbar bleeding can occur as a result of trauma to the eye, surgery to the eye, blood thinners, or an arteriovenous malformation. (wikipedia.org)
- Although uncommon, retrobulbar hemorrhage associated with facial trauma is a potential cause of permanent vision loss due to orbital compartment syndrome. (jetem.org)
- It is indicated in scenarios of facial trauma that cause a retrobulbar hemorrhage. (jetem.org)
- OCS is caused by retrobulbar hemorrhage from recent orbital trauma, eye surgery, eyelid surgery, and anesthetic injections. (eyepatient.net)
- Sudden unilateral onset suggests intraorbital hemorrhage (which can occur after surgery, retrobulbar injection, or trauma) or inflammation of the orbit or paranasal sinuses. (msdmanuals.com)
Spontaneous3
- Spontaneous retrobulbar hemorrhage due to venous anomalies, atherosclerosis , intraorbital aneurysm of the ophthalmic artery, hemophilia , leukemia , von Willebrand disease , and hypertension are uncommon but also have been described. (medscape.com)
- 1 A less likely cause of retrobulbar hemorrhage is spontaneous hemorrhage due to a bleeding disorder or anticoagulant use. (jetem.org)
- Though not common, other causes include spontaneous retrobulbar anesthetic caused by venous anomalies, leukemia, intraorbital aneurysm (excessive localized swelling of the ophthalmic artery), hypertension, von Willebrand disease (blood clot disease), haemophilia (blood collecting in the anterior chamber), and atherosclerosis (fat and cholesterol built-up in the walls of the artery). (eyepatient.net)
Anesthetic3
- Retrobulbar block is type of regional anesthetic nerve block used in intraocular surgery. (medscape.com)
- In this technique, local anesthetic is injected into the retrobulbar space, the area located behind the globe of the eye. (medscape.com)
- It is likely affected by the retrobulbar block through diffusion of the anesthetic. (medscape.com)
Hyphema2
- Hyphema (hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye) can be caused by several mechanisms and can easily be detected in routine ophthalmic or necroscopic examination as discolored red eye(s). (scielo.br)
- Hyphema presented as a unilateral (14 cases out of 20) or bilateral (6/20) disorder in dogs and cats and extension of hemorrhage varied from minimal to diffuse. (scielo.br)
Subconjunctival1
- Clinical signs that help to identify patients who require imaging include: resistance to forced duction, diplopia, afferent pupillary defect, bony displacement of the orbital globe, orbital crepitus, enophthalmos and subconjunctival hemorrhage, which can indicate a retrobulbar hemorrhage. (reviewofoptometry.com)
Acute2
- Selected all the patients admitted for acute traumatic SCI between 2010 and 2018 with early magnetic resonance study and spinal cord hemorrhage. (bvsalud.org)
- It is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating acute hemorrhage, calcification and bony abnormalities. (reviewofoptometry.com)
Patients1
- Lateral canthotomy may be considered in patients with retrobulbar hemorrhage along with any of the following: ophthalmoplegia, cherry-red macula, retinal venous congestion, optic nerve head pallor, and severe eye pain. (medscape.com)
Occur1
- Hemorrhaging is a hallmark feature of scurvy and can occur in any organ. (medscape.com)
Canthotomy1
- Retrobulbar hemorrhage decompression with paracanthal "one-snip" method: Time to retire lateral canthotomy? (broomedocs.com)
Perifollicular hemorrhages1
- Classic signs of vitamin C deficiency include corkscrew hairs, perifollicular hemorrhages, and gingival bleeding. (statpearls.com)
Occurs2
- Retrobulbar bleeding, also known as retrobulbar hemorrhage, is when bleeding occurs behind the eye. (wikipedia.org)
- OCS occurs in the context of retrobulbar hemorrhage (blood accumulating in the retrobulbar space) with proptosis (displacement of eye) leading to sudden loss of vision. (eyepatient.net)
Traumatic1
- Introduction and objectives: The presence of spinal cord hemorrhage is considered as a poor prognostic factor in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). (bvsalud.org)
Commonly1
- A retrobulbar needle, also called an Atkinson needle, is commonly 23- or 25-gauge and 1.5 inches (38 mm) in length. (medscape.com)
Complication1
- Of note, the stated retrobulbar complication rate is higher than some quoted in the literature. (asahq.org)
Globe1
- For increased axial length of the globe, many physicians will use 25 mm as a cutoff, although this exceeds the point at which a retrobulbar block should not be performed. (medscape.com)
Assess1
- The aim of this paper is to assess the neurological evolution in individuals with intraparenchymal hemorrhage according to its size. (bvsalud.org)
Risk1
- There is 1-3% risk of complications with retrobulbar block, ranging from mild to severe. (medscape.com)
Orbital7
- Retrobulbar hemorrhage represents a rare, vision-threatening complication of orbital and eyelid surgery. (medscape.com)
- We present a patient who underwent orbital fracture repair complicated by retrobulbar hemorrhages twice within the first postoperative week. (nebraska.edu)
- In our patient, because his orbital blood vessels had recently been cauterized, they were too fragile to handle the engorgement and bled, leading to a retrobulbar hemorrhage. (nebraska.edu)
- Chundury, Rao V. / Recurrent Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Associated with CPAP Use after Orbital Fracture Repair . (nebraska.edu)
- Hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, posterior to the eyeball. (bvsalud.org)
- Background Local anesthesia is one of the most used techniques to many procedures, since the use of "sharp instruments" in the peribulbar and retrobulbar anesthesia has been quoted as causing possible serious and even life threatening complications like globe perforation, orbital hemorrhage, optic nerve damage and subarachnoid diffusion.A relative. (researchgate.net)
- Proptosis occurs when there is an increase in retrobulbar orbital volume. (entokey.com)
Retinal4
- Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate noninvasively for lens dislocation, retrobulbar hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and intraocular foreign body. (medscape.com)
- 28 eyes had an idiopathic epiretinal membrane, 13 had an idiopathic macular hole, 32 had macular edema (17 diabetic retinopathy and 15 retinal vein occlusion), and 2 had submacular hemorrhage. (elsevierpure.com)
- VPTR complications, such as epimacular membranes, macular holes, vitreous hemorrhage, and exudative retinal detachment, are predominant causes of vision impairments [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- TB vasculitis of the retina can lead to neovascularization and eventual retinal hemorrhages. (eyewiki.org)
Inflammation7
- Hemorrhage (asterisk) of the retrobulbar region with retrobulbar inflammation (R). (nih.gov)
- Sudden unilateral onset suggests intraorbital hemorrhage (which can occur after surgery, retrobulbar injection, or trauma) or inflammation of the orbit or paranasal sinuses. (msdmanuals.com)
- This examination is of particular interest in retrobulbar, space-occupying conditions such as inflammation, hemorrhaging and tumors. (optometrial.com)
- In about two thirds of patients, inflammation is entirely retrobulbar, causing no visible changes to the optic nerve head. (merckmanuals.com)
- Inflammation results in swelling of the optic nerve head and retrobulbar optic neuropathy. (aafp.org)
- In more than two-thirds of patients, inflammation occurs in the retrobulbar region without causing visible changes on the optic nerve head. (blueeye.it)
- Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis). (lookformedical.com)
Complications2
- There is 1-3% risk of complications with retrobulbar block, ranging from mild to severe. (medscape.com)
- The patient had undergone two prior right eye vitrectomies for vitreous hemorrhage and proliferative diabetic retinopathy without complications, one and two years previously. (ispub.com)
Contralateral amaurosis1
- We report the rare complication of contralateral amaurosis after retrobulbar block for vitrectomy presenting solely with hypertension and tachycardia and we discuss its differential diagnosis and evaluation, the proposed mechanism of its occurrence, and the technical factors of the block that may contribute to this complication. (ispub.com)
Postoperative1
- Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative measures to prevent retrobulbar hemorrhage are discussed, and a treatment algorithm is presented. (medscape.com)
Ophthalmology2
- A left retrobulbar block was performed by the ophthalmology service using 5cc of a 1:1 mixture of 0.75% bupivacaine and 2% lidocaine with 50 units of hyaluronidase and was administered with a 25-gauge, 1.5 inch, Atkinson needle. (ispub.com)
- After evaluating the eye for akinesia, the ophthalmology service repeated the retrobulbar block. (ispub.com)
Intraocular3
- Retrobulbar block is type of regional anesthetic nerve block used in intraocular surgery. (medscape.com)
- Intraocular Lymphoma with Retrobulbar Infiltration. (cs-ophthalmology.cz)
- Risk of intraocular hemorrhage with new oral anticoagulants Eye advance online publication, December 23 2016. (rcophth.ac.uk)
Symptoms1
- Patients with early-stage VPTR have inconspicuous symptoms, and macular invasion at later stages of the disease may cause hemorrhage or exudation. (hindawi.com)
Neuritis2
- A few exudates and hemorrhages may be present near or on the optic disk, but this is rare for most cases of optic neuritis. (merckmanuals.com)
- If the optic disc appears normal, this condition is called retrobulbar neuritis. (blueeye.it)
Descriptor1
- Oral Hemorrhage" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ctsicn.org)
Eyelid2
- Retrobulbar hemorrhage is an uncommon, vision-threatening complication of orbit and eyelid surgery. (medscape.com)
- Minor bleeding problems, such as eyelid ecchymosis, hyphema, and subconjunctival hemorrhage, are more common with anticoagulant use, but these are transient and self-limited. (aao.org)
Exudates and hemorrhages1
- There may be some exudates and hemorrhages near or corresponding to the optic disc. (blueeye.it)
Petechial2
- The pathological changes include demyelination and petechial hemorrhages in and around the mammilary bodies and around the third ventricle and aqueduct. (healthtnc.com)
- The pathological modifications incorporate petechial and demyelination hemorrhages around and in the mammilary bodies and round the 3rd ventricle and aqueduct. (seifersattorneys.com)
Oral2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Oral Hemorrhage" by people in this website by year, and whether "Oral Hemorrhage" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ctsicn.org)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Oral Hemorrhage" by people in Profiles. (ctsicn.org)
Recurrent1
- Discontinuation of anticoagulants is recommended in patients who have previously experienced a suprachoroidal hemorrhage because these patients are predisposed to recurrent bleeding. (aao.org)
Cotton wool2
- The presence of hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and venous beadings are documented as well. (amretina.com)
- Patients often have cotton-wool spots and may have flame hemorrhages due to poor autoregulation of blood vessels supplying the retina and the leakage of the serum from permeable capillaries. (aafp.org)
Surgical1
- Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. (uams.edu)
Include1
- Skin changes can include perifollicular hyperkeratotic papules, perifollicular haemorrhages, purpura and ecchymoses. (patient.info)
Vision2
- This sets in insidiously with dimness of vision, photophobia, and retrobulbar discomfort on moving the eyes. (healthtnc.com)
- This units in insidiously with dimness of vision, photophobia, and retrobulbar irritation on moving your eye area. (seifersattorneys.com)
Nerve1
- Similar to other infectious or inflammatory causes of optic neuropathy, TB optic neuropathy may present with optic nerve edema, disc granuloma, or may be retrobulbar. (eyewiki.org)
Comment1
- Reply to: 'Comment on: Effect of smoking on retrobulbar blood flow in thyroid eye disease' Eye advance online publication, December 23 2016. (rcophth.ac.uk)
Needle1
- A retrobulbar needle, also called an Atkinson needle, is commonly 23- or 25-gauge and 1.5 inches (38 mm) in length. (medscape.com)
Chronic2
- Figure 1 Eye, Retrobulbar - Hemorrhage in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
- Chronic, severe deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy, which is characterised by haemorrhages and abnormal bone and dentine formation. (patient.info)
Block3
- Many physicians will still perform a retrobulbar block even in the setting of aspirin or warfarin use. (medscape.com)
- It is likely affected by the retrobulbar block through diffusion of the anesthetic. (medscape.com)
- Retrobulbar block is a local anesthetic technique used for a variety of ophthalmologic procedures. (ispub.com)
Blood2
- Hemorrhage of the retrobulbar region (Figure 1 and Figure 2) is characterized by accumulations of extravasated blood. (nih.gov)
- Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES. (uchicago.edu)