An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.
Sarcoidosis affecting predominantly the lungs, the site most frequently involved and most commonly causing morbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis. Pulmonary sarcoidosis is characterized by sharply circumscribed granulomas in the alveolar, bronchial, and vascular walls, composed of tightly packed cells derived from the mononuclear phagocyte system. The clinical symptoms when present are dyspnea upon exertion, nonproductive cough, and wheezing. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p431)
Intradermal injection of a heated (pasteurized) saline suspension of sarcoid tissue obtained from a sarcoid spleen or lymph node. In patients with active sarcoidosis a dusky red nodule develops slowly over the next few weeks at the injection site. Histologic examination, an essential part of the complete test, reveals sarcoid tissue.
A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.
Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.
Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.
'Skin diseases' is a broad term for various conditions affecting the skin, including inflammatory disorders, infections, benign and malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, which can cause symptoms such as rashes, discoloration, eruptions, lesions, itching, or pain.
An erythematous eruption commonly associated with drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without scarring or atrophy.
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).
Unstable isotopes of gallium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ga atoms with atomic weights 63-68, 70 and 72-76 are radioactive gallium isotopes.
Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the bronchi.
A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.
A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.
Granulomatous disorders affecting one or more sites in the respiratory tract.
A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.
Adrenal cortex hormones are steroid hormones produced by the outer portion of the adrenal gland, consisting of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens, which play crucial roles in various physiological processes such as metabolism regulation, stress response, electrolyte balance, and sexual development and function.
Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
A manifestation of sarcoidosis marked by chronic inflammation of the parotid gland and the uvea.
Characteristic cells of granulomatous hypersensitivity. They appear as large, flattened cells with increased endoplasmic reticulum. They are believed to be activated macrophages that have differentiated as a result of prolonged antigenic stimulation. Further differentiation or fusion of epithelioid cells is thought to produce multinucleated giant cells (GIANT CELLS).
Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.
X-ray visualization of the chest and organs of the thoracic cavity. It is not restricted to visualization of the lungs.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film).
A neoplasm containing HISTIOCYTES. Important forms include BENIGN FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; and MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA.
A rapid, low-dose, digital imaging system using a small intraoral sensor instead of radiographic film, an intensifying screen, and a charge-coupled device. It presents the possibility of reduced patient exposure and minimal distortion, although resolution and latitude are inferior to standard dental radiography. A receiver is placed in the mouth, routing signals to a computer which images the signals on a screen or in print. It includes digitizing from x-ray film or any other detector. (From MEDLINE abstracts; personal communication from Dr. Charles Berthold, NIDR)

Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. (1/397)

BACKGROUND: The granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis is driven by the interplay between T cells and macrophages. To gain a better understanding of this process the expression by these cells of cell surface activation markers, co-stimulatory molecules, and adhesion molecules was analysed. METHODS: CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBL) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, as well as paired peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages from 27 patients with sarcoidosis were analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: CD26, CD54, CD69, CD95, and gp240 were all overexpressed in T cells from BAL fluid compared with those from PBL in both the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, while CD57 was overexpressed only in BAL CD4+ cells. In contrast, CD28 tended to be underexpressed in the BAL T cells. Monocyte/macrophage markers included CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD14, CD16, CD54, CD71, CD80 and CD86 and HLA class II. CD11a expression in alveolar macrophages (and peripheral blood monocytes) was increased in patients with active disease and correlated positively with the percentage of BAL lymphocytes. Expression of CD80 in macrophages correlated with the BAL CD4/CD8 ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate substantial activation of both CD4+ and CD8+ lung T cells in sarcoidosis. There were also increased numbers of BAL lymphocytes whose phenotypic characteristics have earlier been associated with clonally expanded, replicatively senescent cells of the Th1 type.  (+info)

Detection of anti-cytokeratin 8 antibody in the serum of patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis associated with collagen vascular disorders. (2/397)

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that the humoral immune system plays a role in the pathogenesis of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA). Although circulating autoantibodies to lung protein(s) have been suggested, none of the lung proteins have been characterised. The purpose of this study was to determine the antigen to which the serum from patients with pulmonary fibrosis reacted. METHODS: The anti-A549 cell antibody was characterised in a patient with CFA using Western immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining of A549 cells. As we identified that one of the antibodies against A549 cells was anti-cytokeratin 8, the expression of mRNA of cytokeratin 8 in A549 cells was evaluated. In addition, we attempted to establish an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to measure the levels of anti-cytokeratin 8 antibody in the serum of patients with CFA and pulmonary fibrosis associated with collagen vascular disorders (PF-CVD). RESULTS: Initially two anti-A549 cell antibodies were detected in the serum of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, one of which was characterised as anticytokeratin 8 antibody by Western immunoblotting. We were able to establish an ELISA to measure anti-cytokeratin 8 antibody and found significantly higher levels in patients with CFA and PF-CVD than in normal volunteers, patients with sarcoidosis, pneumonia, and pulmonary emphysema. CONCLUSIONS: One of the anti-A549 cell antibodies in the serum of patients with CFA was against cytokeratin 8. The serum levels of anti-cytokeratin 8 antibody were increased in patients with CFA and PF-CVD. These results suggest that anticytokeratin 8 antibody may be involved in the process of lung injury in pulmonary fibrosis.  (+info)

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis in a 14-yr-old female. (3/397)

A case of a 14-yr-old female with necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) is presented. She was referred because of chest pain and malaise, and radiography revealed multiple pulmonary nodules. Her history showed seasonal sensitization to aeroallergens and hay fever. Infectious agents or malignancies did not characterize these nodules. However, she was treated with macrolide antibiotics because of suspected infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae. Open lung biopsy showed histological findings of NSG, with epithelioid granulomatous inflammation, including giant cells, and vasculitis. No further treatment was performed, and symptoms disappeared within a few weeks. The chest radiograph showed gradual improvement. The aetiology of NSG is poorly understood, and is postulated to represent either sarcoidosis or rare forms of pulmonary vasculitis such as Wegener's granulomatosis or the Churg-Strauss syndrome. In the case presented, a coincidence of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae suggests an involvement of infectious agents in the pattern of formation of immune complexes in the aetiology of NSG.  (+info)

Inter-relationship between tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF soluble receptors in pulmonary sarcoidosis. (4/397)

BACKGROUND: The importance of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis has remained uncertain because of the paucity of clinical features associated with excessive levels of this cytokine. Increased levels of soluble TNF receptors (TNF-R), which are known to inhibit TNF-alpha activity, were recently described in the lungs of subjects with sarcoidosis. We hypothesised that TNF-alpha bioactivity may be inhibited in sarcoidosis by the presence of TNF-R. A study was therefore undertaken to investigate for the first time the relationship between soluble receptors and TNF-alpha bioactivity in the lungs of subjects with sarcoidosis. METHODS: Alveolar macrophages (AMs) from 16 subjects with histologically proven sarcoidosis and 13 healthy controls were cultured in the presence and absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The subjects with sarcoidosis were grouped by radiological assessment into stage I (n = 6) and stage II/III (n = 10). The cell culture supernatants and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were assayed for TNF bioactivity using the WEHI 164 clone 13 assay. Immunoreactive (bound and free) TNF-alpha and free TNF-Rs (p55 and p75) were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Bioactive TNF-alpha was undetectable in the BAL fluid of all the subjects with sarcoidosis and most of the healthy controls. However, there was significantly more immunoreactive TNF-alpha in the BAL fluid from subjects with sarcoidosis than from the controls (median values 0.304 ng/ml and 0.004 ng/ml, respectively, 95% CI 0. 076 to 0.455, p<0.001). The levels of both p55 and p75 in the BAL fluid were higher in both sarcoidosis groups than in the controls (p<0.0005 and p<0.001, respectively). In LPS stimulated AM supernatants reduced TNF-alpha bioactivity was seen in subjects with stage I sarcoidosis compared with those with stage II/III disease and healthy controls (median 0.333 ng/ml vs 1.362 ng/ml and 2.385 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.01). This contrasted with increased p55 levels in the AM supernatants derived from subjects with stage I sarcoidosis compared with those with stage II/III disease and healthy controls (median 0.449 ng/ml vs 0.058 ng/ml and 0.078 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.01). The levels of p75 were increased in unstimulated AM cultures in subjects with stage II/III disease compared with those with stage I disease and healthy controls (median 0.326 ng/ml vs 0.064 ng/ml and 0.102 ng/ml, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that TNF-alpha bioactivity may be inhibited by increased soluble TNF-R in the lungs of subjects with sarcoidosis, and this inhibition may be greater in patients with stage I sarcoidosis than in those with stage II/III disease. This may represent a homeostatic mechanism which protects the lung from excessive TNF production characteristic of chronic inflammation.  (+info)

Association of fatigue with an acute phase response in sarcoidosis. (5/397)

The pathophysiological explanation for fatigue, one of the most common symptoms in sarcoidosis, still has to be elucidated. It was hypothesized that the presence of fatigue is associated with an acute phase response in sarcoidosis. A cross-sectional study was performed in 38 sarcoidosis patients. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured in the fasting state by indirect calorimetry using a ventilated hood and adjusted for fat-free mass (FFM). Patients with fatigue (n=25) also suffered more frequently from other symptoms, such as exercise intolerance (p=0.01), the need for sleep (p=0.02) and weight loss (p=0.01), compared to those without fatigue (n=13). However, no relationship was found between fatigue and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (sACE) or lung function impairment. Patients with fatigue had higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (11.4+/-6.8 microg x mL(-1), p<0.0001) and REE adjusted for FFM (33.0+/-3.7 kcal x kg FFM(-1), p<0.003) compared to those without fatigue (3.2+/-2.2 mg x mL(-1); 29.2+/-2.8 kcal x kg FF(-1)). Furthermore, REE/FFM was significantly related to CRP (r=0.54, p=0.001). This study confirms the presence of an acute phase response as indicated by metabolic derangements and a moderate increase in C-reactive protein levels in sarcoidosis, particularly in those patients with constitutional symptoms. Future studies should focus on the clinical relevance and therapeutic implications of these findings.  (+info)

The angiotensin-converting enzyme DD gene is associated with poor prognosis in Finnish sarcoidosis patients. (6/397)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes may reflect prognosis in sarcoidosis. They were determined in 59 Finnish sarcoidosis patients and 70 healthy control subjects. The prognosis of the sarcoidosis patients was determined after follow-up for 1, 2, 3, 5 and >5 yrs and classified as good (normal chest radiograph and lung function, no signs of extrapulmonary disease activity within 2 yrs from diagnosis), intermediate (neither good nor poor) or poor (persisting unstable pulmonary infiltrates, vital capacity and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide <50% predicted and/or extrapulmonary disease activity after >5 yrs follow-up). The DD, ID and II genotypes were found in 31 and 27%, in 54 and 49%, and in 15 and 24% of patients and control subjects respectively. The odds ratio (DD+ID to II) was 1.45 (95% confidence interval 0.60-3.49). The D alelle was found more often in patients (58%) and in control subjects (51%) than the I allele but the difference was not statistically significant. Statistically significantly more patients with the DD genotype had a poor prognosis compared with patients with II homozygotes and ID heterozygotes. Among 11 patients with Lofgren's syndrome (bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and erythema nodosum), four had the DD genotype. Three of these patients had a prognosis despite presenting a clinical picture usually associated with a good prognosis. The angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype may be a prognostic marker in sarcoidosis and larger studies are warranted to define its clinical utility.  (+info)

Reduced expression of the alphabeta T-cell antigen receptor by alveolar T-cells. (7/397)

A previous study revealed that reduced expression (modulation) of the CD3 antigen is a common characteristic of alveolar T-cells in health and disease. As CD3 molecules are noncovalently bound to T-cell antigen receptors (TCR), it was hypothesized that modulation of TCR was also a feature of alveolar T-cells. To demonstrate this, lymphocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were stained with an anti-alphabeta TCR antibody and analysed by flow cytometry. The expression of alphabeta TCR by alveolar T-cells was evaluated by calculating mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) and was compared with alphabeta TCR expression by autologous blood T-cells. As anticipated from a previous study, modulation of TCR was observed not only in healthy volunteers but also in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, other pulmonary diseases, and nonpulmonary diseases. There were no significant differences in MFI of alveolar T-cells among the study groups. The degree of modulation assessed by the difference of MFI between blood and alveolar T-cells was greater for CD4+ cells than for CD8+ cells owing to the higher MFI of CD4+ blood T-cells. Coculture of alveolar macrophages with blood T-cells in vitro induced partial modulation of TCR. These results demonstrate the ubiquity of modulation of T-cell receptors on alveolar T-cells and suggest, in contrast to a previous report by other investigators that it is caused by some nonantigenic mechanism possibly inherent in the alveolar milieu. The implications of this phenomenon in in vivo immune responses of the lung need to be examined.  (+info)

Pulmonary sarcoidosis: comparison of patients at a university and a municipal hospital. (8/397)

Charts and radiographs of sarcoidosis patients seen at a private university hospital and at a municipal hospital were reviewed to determine whether there was a difference in the severity of disease retrospectively. A standardized abstract form was used to identify and abstract information on new and continuing sarcoidosis patients seen at either Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC) or District of Columbia General Hospital (DCGH) during a 2-year period. Because there were too few white sarcoidosis patients for comparison, analysis was done for African-American patients only. African-American patients at GUMC were slightly older, with a higher percentage of women. For GUMC patients, 76% had private insurance and 21% had public insurance, and for DCGH patients, one-half had public insurance and 29% had no insurance. Significantly fewer GUMC patients (7% versus 36%) reported moderate to severe dyspnea. Chest radiographs showed a larger percentage of patients with stage 1 disease at GUMC and more patients with stage 4 disease at DCGH. Spirometry showed more impairment of forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) in GUMC patients, but diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) values were significantly lower among DCGH patients. Less than 8% of GUMC patients showed disease progression compared with almost one-third of DCGH patients. These results demonstrate that substantially less severe pulmonary sarcoidosis was seen in African-American patients treated at a private, nonprofit university hospital compared with a municipal hospital. Factors that determine the use of municipal hospitals, such as limited financial access to care and sources of patients, may have played a major role in the differences seen.  (+info)

Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disorder characterized by the formation of granulomas (small clumps of inflammatory cells) in various organs, most commonly the lungs and lymphatic system. These granulomas can impair the function of the affected organ(s), leading to a variety of symptoms. The exact cause of sarcoidosis is unknown, but it's thought to be an overactive immune response to an unknown antigen, possibly triggered by an infection, chemical exposure, or another environmental factor.

The diagnosis of sarcoidosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies (such as chest X-rays and CT scans), and laboratory tests (including blood tests and biopsies). While there is no cure for sarcoidosis, treatment may be necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Corticosteroids are often used to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation, while other medications may be prescribed to treat specific organ involvement or symptoms. In some cases, sarcoidosis may resolve on its own without any treatment.

Sarcoidosis, pulmonary is a specific form of sarcoidosis, which is a multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas (small clusters of immune cells) in one or more organs. In pulmonary sarcoidosis, these granulomas primarily affect the lungs, but can also involve the lymph nodes within the chest. The condition is often asymptomatic, but some individuals may experience symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. Pulmonary sarcoidosis can lead to complications like pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of lung tissue) and chronic interstitial lung disease, which can impact lung function and quality of life. The exact cause of sarcoidosis is unknown, but it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response triggered by exposure to certain antigens, such as environmental particles or infectious agents.

The Kveim test is a specific intradermal skin test that was used in the diagnosis of certain forms of vasculitis, such as sarcoidosis. The test involves the injection of a small amount of tissue from a patient with known sarcoidosis into the skin of the person being tested. If the individual has sarcoidosis, a positive reaction will occur within 2-3 months, characterized by the formation of a granuloma (a small nodular inflammatory lesion) at the injection site.

However, it's important to note that the Kveim test is no longer widely used due to several limitations, including the subjective nature of the results and the risk of transmitting infectious diseases from the donor tissue. Currently, sarcoidosis is diagnosed based on a combination of clinical symptoms, radiological findings, laboratory tests, and sometimes biopsy results.

A granuloma is a small, nodular inflammatory lesion that occurs in various tissues in response to chronic infection, foreign body reaction, or autoimmune conditions. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of epithelioid macrophages, which are specialized immune cells with enlarged nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, often arranged in a palisading pattern around a central area containing necrotic debris, microorganisms, or foreign material.

Granulomas can be found in various medical conditions such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, fungal infections, and certain autoimmune disorders like Crohn's disease. The formation of granulomas is a complex process involving both innate and adaptive immune responses, which aim to contain and eliminate the offending agent while minimizing tissue damage.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is a type of clinical specimen obtained through a procedure called bronchoalveolar lavage. This procedure involves inserting a bronchoscope into the lungs and instilling a small amount of saline solution into a specific area of the lung, then gently aspirating the fluid back out. The fluid that is recovered is called bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

BAL fluid contains cells and other substances that are present in the lower respiratory tract, including the alveoli (the tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs). By analyzing BAL fluid, doctors can diagnose various lung conditions, such as pneumonia, interstitial lung disease, and lung cancer. They can also monitor the effectiveness of treatments for these conditions by comparing the composition of BAL fluid before and after treatment.

BAL fluid is typically analyzed for its cellular content, including the number and type of white blood cells present, as well as for the presence of bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms. The fluid may also be tested for various proteins, enzymes, and other biomarkers that can provide additional information about lung health and disease.

Lung diseases refer to a broad category of disorders that affect the lungs and other structures within the respiratory system. These diseases can impair lung function, leading to symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, and wheezing. They can be categorized into several types based on the underlying cause and nature of the disease process. Some common examples include:

1. Obstructive lung diseases: These are characterized by narrowing or blockage of the airways, making it difficult to breathe out. Examples include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis.
2. Restrictive lung diseases: These involve stiffening or scarring of the lungs, which reduces their ability to expand and take in air. Examples include idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and asbestosis.
3. Infectious lung diseases: These are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that infect the lungs. Examples include pneumonia, tuberculosis, and influenza.
4. Vascular lung diseases: These affect the blood vessels in the lungs, impairing oxygen exchange. Examples include pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).
5. Neoplastic lung diseases: These involve abnormal growth of cells within the lungs, leading to cancer. Examples include small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and mesothelioma.
6. Other lung diseases: These include interstitial lung diseases, pleural effusions, and rare disorders such as pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

It is important to note that this list is not exhaustive, and there are many other conditions that can affect the lungs. Proper diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases require consultation with a healthcare professional, such as a pulmonologist or respiratory therapist.

Lymphatic diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the lymphatic system, which is an important part of the immune and circulatory systems. The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels, organs, and tissues that help to transport lymph fluid throughout the body, fight infection, and remove waste products.

Lymphatic diseases can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Some common types of lymphatic diseases include:

1. Lymphedema: A condition that causes swelling in the arms or legs due to a blockage or damage in the lymphatic vessels.
2. Lymphoma: A type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, including Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
3. Infections: Certain bacterial and viral infections can affect the lymphatic system, such as tuberculosis, cat-scratch disease, and HIV/AIDS.
4. Autoimmune disorders: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma can cause inflammation and damage to the lymphatic system.
5. Congenital abnormalities: Some people are born with abnormalities in their lymphatic system, such as malformations or missing lymph nodes.

Symptoms of lymphatic diseases may vary depending on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment options may include medication, physical therapy, surgery, or radiation therapy. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience symptoms of a lymphatic disease, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes.

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, refer to any medical condition that affects the skin, which is the largest organ of the human body. These diseases can affect the skin's function, appearance, or overall health. They can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, allergies, environmental factors, and aging.

Skin diseases can present in many different forms, such as rashes, blisters, sores, discolorations, growths, or changes in texture. Some common examples of skin diseases include acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, fungal infections, viral infections, bacterial infections, and skin cancer.

The symptoms and severity of skin diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and individual factors. Some skin diseases are mild and can be treated with over-the-counter medications or topical creams, while others may require more intensive treatments such as prescription medications, light therapy, or even surgery.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual or persistent changes in your skin, as some skin diseases can be serious or indicative of other underlying health conditions. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

Erythema nodosum is a type of inflammation that occurs in the fatty layer of the skin, causing painful, red or purple bumps (nodules) to form. It is a type of panniculitis, which refers to any condition that causes inflammation of the fatty layer of tissue beneath the skin.

Erythema nodosum is often associated with a variety of underlying conditions, such as infections (e.g., streptococcus, tuberculosis), medications (e.g., sulfa drugs, oral contraceptives), inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), and pregnancy.

The bumps associated with erythema nodosum typically appear on the shins, ankles, knees, or other areas of the legs, although they can also occur on the arms, hands, or face. The bumps may be tender to the touch, warm, and swollen, and they may cause pain or discomfort when walking or standing for prolonged periods.

In most cases, erythema nodosum resolves on its own within a few weeks to several months, although symptoms can be managed with medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. Treating the underlying condition is also important for resolving erythema nodosum and preventing recurrences.

Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle, leading to mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction. The American Heart Association (AHA) defines cardiomyopathies as "a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not always) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation and frequently lead to heart failure."

There are several types of cardiomyopathies, including:

1. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): This is the most common type of cardiomyopathy, characterized by an enlarged left ventricle and impaired systolic function, leading to heart failure.
2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM): In this type, there is abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, particularly in the septum between the two ventricles, which can obstruct blood flow and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM): This is a rare form of cardiomyopathy characterized by stiffness of the heart muscle, impaired relaxation, and diastolic dysfunction, leading to reduced filling of the ventricles and heart failure.
4. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC): In this type, there is replacement of the normal heart muscle with fatty or fibrous tissue, primarily affecting the right ventricle, which can lead to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
5. Unclassified cardiomyopathies: These are conditions that do not fit into any of the above categories but still significantly affect the heart muscle and function.

Cardiomyopathies can be caused by genetic factors, acquired conditions (e.g., infections, toxins, or autoimmune disorders), or a combination of both. The diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sometimes genetic testing. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition but may include medications, lifestyle modifications, implantable devices, or even heart transplantation in severe cases.

Gallium radioisotopes refer to specific types of gallium atoms that have unstable nuclei and emit radiation as they decay towards a more stable state. These isotopes are commonly used in medical imaging, such as in gallium scans, to help diagnose conditions like inflammation, infection, or cancer.

Gallium-67 (^67^Ga) is one of the most commonly used radioisotopes for medical purposes. It has a half-life of about 3.26 days and decays by emitting gamma rays. When administered to a patient, gallium-67 binds to transferrin, a protein that carries iron in the blood, and is taken up by cells with increased metabolic activity, such as cancer cells or immune cells responding to infection or inflammation. The distribution of gallium-67 in the body can then be visualized using a gamma camera, providing valuable diagnostic information.

Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye between the retina and the white of the eye (sclera). The uvea consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Uveitis can cause redness, pain, and vision loss. It can be caused by various systemic diseases, infections, or trauma. Depending on the part of the uvea that's affected, uveitis can be classified as anterior (iritis), intermediate (cyclitis), posterior (choroiditis), or pan-uveitis (affecting all layers). Treatment typically includes corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs to control inflammation.

Bronchoscopy is a medical procedure that involves the examination of the inside of the airways and lungs with a flexible or rigid tube called a bronchoscope. This procedure allows healthcare professionals to directly visualize the airways, take tissue samples for biopsy, and remove foreign objects or secretions. Bronchoscopy can be used to diagnose and manage various respiratory conditions such as lung infections, inflammation, cancer, and bleeding. It is usually performed under local or general anesthesia to minimize discomfort and risks associated with the procedure.

Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug, which is a class of steroid hormones. It is commonly used in the treatment of various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions due to its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Prednisolone works by binding to specific receptors in cells, leading to changes in gene expression that reduce the production of substances involved in inflammation, such as cytokines and prostaglandins.

Prednisolone is available in various forms, including tablets, syrups, and injectable solutions. It can be used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, skin conditions, and certain types of cancer.

Like other steroid medications, prednisolone can have significant side effects if used in high doses or for long periods of time. These may include weight gain, mood changes, increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, diabetes, and adrenal suppression. As a result, the use of prednisolone should be closely monitored by a healthcare professional to ensure that its benefits outweigh its risks.

Peptidyl-dipeptidase A is more commonly known as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). It is a key enzyme in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

ACE is a membrane-bound enzyme found primarily in the lungs, but also in other tissues such as the heart, kidneys, and blood vessels. It plays a crucial role in converting the inactive decapeptide angiotensin I into the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide angiotensin II, which constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure.

ACE also degrades the peptide bradykinin, which is involved in the regulation of blood flow and vascular permeability. By breaking down bradykinin, ACE helps to counteract its vasodilatory effects, thereby maintaining blood pressure homeostasis.

Inhibitors of ACE are widely used as medications for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease, among other conditions. These drugs work by blocking the action of ACE, leading to decreased levels of angiotensin II and increased levels of bradykinin, which results in vasodilation, reduced blood pressure, and improved cardiovascular function.

A granuloma in the respiratory tract refers to a small nodular lesion that forms in the lung tissue due to an ongoing immune response. It is typically composed of macrophages, lymphocytes, and other inflammatory cells that cluster together around a foreign substance or organism that the body cannot eliminate.

Granulomas can form in response to various stimuli, including infectious agents such as mycobacteria (tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria), fungi, and parasites, as well as non-infectious causes like inhaled particles (e.g., silica, beryllium) or autoimmune diseases (e.g., sarcoidosis).

These lesions can cause damage to the lung tissue over time, leading to symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. Diagnosis often involves imaging studies like chest X-rays or CT scans, followed by biopsy and microscopic examination to confirm the presence of granulomas and identify the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include antibiotics, corticosteroids, or other immunosuppressive medications.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a specific type of lung disease that results from the thickening and scarring of the lung tissues, particularly those in the alveoli (air sacs) and interstitium (the space around the air sacs). This scarring makes it harder for the lungs to properly expand and transfer oxygen into the bloodstream, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, fatigue, and eventually respiratory failure. The exact cause of pulmonary fibrosis can vary, with some cases being idiopathic (without a known cause) or related to environmental factors, medications, medical conditions, or genetic predisposition.

The adrenal cortex hormones are a group of steroid hormones produced and released by the outer portion (cortex) of the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes, including:

1. Glucose metabolism: Cortisol helps control blood sugar levels by increasing glucose production in the liver and reducing its uptake in peripheral tissues.
2. Protein and fat metabolism: Cortisol promotes protein breakdown and fatty acid mobilization, providing essential building blocks for energy production during stressful situations.
3. Immune response regulation: Cortisol suppresses immune function to prevent overactivation and potential damage to the body during stress.
4. Cardiovascular function: Aldosterone regulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure by promoting sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
5. Sex hormone production: The adrenal cortex produces small amounts of sex hormones, such as androgens and estrogens, which contribute to sexual development and function.
6. Growth and development: Cortisol plays a role in normal growth and development by influencing the activity of growth-promoting hormones like insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).

The main adrenal cortex hormones include:

1. Glucocorticoids: Cortisol is the primary glucocorticoid, responsible for regulating metabolism and stress response.
2. Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid, involved in electrolyte balance and blood pressure regulation.
3. Androgens: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate derivative (DHEAS) are the most abundant adrenal androgens, contributing to sexual development and function.
4. Estrogens: Small amounts of estrogens are produced by the adrenal cortex, mainly in women.

Disorders related to impaired adrenal cortex hormone production or regulation can lead to various clinical manifestations, such as Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency), Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism), and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of tissue is taken from the body to be examined under a microscope for the presence of disease. This can help doctors diagnose and monitor various medical conditions, such as cancer, infections, or autoimmune disorders. The type of biopsy performed will depend on the location and nature of the suspected condition. Some common types of biopsies include:

1. Incisional biopsy: In this procedure, a surgeon removes a piece of tissue from an abnormal area using a scalpel or other surgical instrument. This type of biopsy is often used when the lesion is too large to be removed entirely during the initial biopsy.

2. Excisional biopsy: An excisional biopsy involves removing the entire abnormal area, along with a margin of healthy tissue surrounding it. This technique is typically employed for smaller lesions or when cancer is suspected.

3. Needle biopsy: A needle biopsy uses a thin, hollow needle to extract cells or fluid from the body. There are two main types of needle biopsies: fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy. FNA extracts loose cells, while a core needle biopsy removes a small piece of tissue.

4. Punch biopsy: In a punch biopsy, a round, sharp tool is used to remove a small cylindrical sample of skin tissue. This type of biopsy is often used for evaluating rashes or other skin abnormalities.

5. Shave biopsy: During a shave biopsy, a thin slice of tissue is removed from the surface of the skin using a sharp razor-like instrument. This technique is typically used for superficial lesions or growths on the skin.

After the biopsy sample has been collected, it is sent to a laboratory where a pathologist will examine the tissue under a microscope and provide a diagnosis based on their findings. The results of the biopsy can help guide further treatment decisions and determine the best course of action for managing the patient's condition.

A lung is a pair of spongy, elastic organs in the chest that work together to enable breathing. They are responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. The left lung has two lobes, while the right lung has three lobes. The lungs are protected by the ribcage and are covered by a double-layered membrane called the pleura. The trachea divides into two bronchi, which further divide into smaller bronchioles, leading to millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of gases occurs.

Uveoparotid fever, also known as Heerfordt's syndrome, is not precisely defined as a fever. Instead, it is a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis, a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause. The condition is named after the Danish ophthalmologist, Christian Frederik Heerfordt, who first described it in 1909.

Uveoparotid fever is characterized by the following symptoms:

1. Uveitis: Inflammation of the uveal tract, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, leading to eye pain, redness, photophobia (sensitivity to light), blurred vision, and floaters.
2. Parotid gland enlargement: Swelling of one or both parotid glands, located in front of and below the ears.
3. Facial palsy: Weakness or loss of movement on one side of the face, similar to Bell's palsy.
4. Fever: Elevated body temperature may be present but is not always a consistent finding.

Other possible symptoms associated with sarcoidosis include cough, shortness of breath, skin rashes, fatigue, and joint pain. The diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical presentation, imaging studies, and tissue biopsy to confirm the presence of noncaseating granulomas, which are characteristic of sarcoidosis. Treatment usually includes corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy to manage inflammation and prevent complications.

Epithelioid cells are a type of cell that can be found in certain types of tissue in the body, including connective tissue and some organs. These cells have a characteristic appearance under a microscope, with an enlarged, oval or round shape and a pale, abundant cytoplasm. They may also have a nucleus that is centrally located and has a uniform, rounded shape.

Epithelioid cells are often seen in the context of inflammation or disease, particularly in relation to granulomatous disorders such as sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. In these conditions, epithelioid cells can form clusters known as granulomas, which are a hallmark of the diseases. The exact function of epithelioid cells is not fully understood, but they are thought to play a role in the immune response and may help to contain and eliminate foreign substances or pathogens from the body.

Hypercalcemia is a medical condition characterized by an excess of calcium ( Ca2+ ) in the blood. While the normal range for serum calcium levels is typically between 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) or 2.14 to 2.55 mmol/L (millimoles per liter), hypercalcemia is generally defined as a serum calcium level greater than 10.5 mg/dL or 2.6 mmol/L.

Hypercalcemia can result from various underlying medical disorders, including primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancy (cancer), certain medications, granulomatous diseases, and excessive vitamin D intake or production. Symptoms of hypercalcemia may include fatigue, weakness, confusion, memory loss, depression, constipation, nausea, vomiting, increased thirst, frequent urination, bone pain, and kidney stones. Severe or prolonged hypercalcemia can lead to serious complications such as kidney failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and calcification of soft tissues. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.

Thoracic radiography is a type of diagnostic imaging that involves using X-rays to produce images of the chest, including the lungs, heart, bronchi, great vessels, and the bones of the spine and chest wall. It is a commonly used tool in the diagnosis and management of various respiratory, cardiovascular, and thoracic disorders such as pneumonia, lung cancer, heart failure, and rib fractures.

During the procedure, the patient is positioned between an X-ray machine and a cassette containing a film or digital detector. The X-ray beam is directed at the chest, and the resulting image is captured on the film or detector. The images produced can help identify any abnormalities in the structure or function of the organs within the chest.

Thoracic radiography may be performed as a routine screening test for certain conditions, such as lung cancer, or it may be ordered when a patient presents with symptoms suggestive of a respiratory or cardiovascular disorder. It is a safe and non-invasive procedure that can provide valuable information to help guide clinical decision making and improve patient outcomes.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

Radiography is a diagnostic technique that uses X-rays, gamma rays, or similar types of radiation to produce images of the internal structures of the body. It is a non-invasive procedure that can help healthcare professionals diagnose and monitor a wide range of medical conditions, including bone fractures, tumors, infections, and foreign objects lodged in the body.

During a radiography exam, a patient is positioned between an X-ray machine and a special film or digital detector. The machine emits a beam of radiation that passes through the body and strikes the film or detector, creating a shadow image of the internal structures. Denser tissues, such as bones, block more of the radiation and appear white on the image, while less dense tissues, such as muscles and organs, allow more of the radiation to pass through and appear darker.

Radiography is a valuable tool in modern medicine, but it does involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which can carry some risks. Healthcare professionals take steps to minimize these risks by using the lowest possible dose of radiation necessary to produce a diagnostic image, and by shielding sensitive areas of the body with lead aprons or other protective devices.

Histiocytoma is a general term used to describe a group of disorders characterized by an abnormal accumulation or proliferation of histiocytes, which are a type of immune cell. These cells normally play a role in fighting infection and helping to heal wounds. However, when they multiply excessively, they can form tumors known as histiocytomas.

There are several types of histiocytomas, including:

1. Cutaneous histiocytoma: This is the most common type of histiocytoma, which typically appears as a small, raised, hairless, and pink or red bump on the skin. It usually affects dogs, but can also occur in cats and rarely in humans. These tumors are benign and often regress spontaneously within a few months.
2. Systemic histiocytoses: These are less common types of histiocytomas that involve multiple organs and tissues throughout the body. They can be further classified into several subtypes, such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), and malignant histiocytosis. These conditions can range from benign to malignant and may require aggressive treatment, including chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

It is important to note that while histiocytomas are generally benign, they can sometimes mimic other more serious conditions. Therefore, it is essential to have any suspicious growths evaluated by a veterinarian or healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management.

Dental digital radiography is a type of medical imaging that uses digital sensors instead of traditional X-ray film to produce highly detailed images of the teeth, gums, and surrounding structures. This technology offers several advantages over conventional dental radiography, including:

1. Lower radiation exposure: Digital sensors require less radiation to produce an image compared to traditional film, making it a safer option for patients.
2. Instant results: The images captured by digital sensors are immediately displayed on a computer screen, allowing dentists to quickly assess the patient's oral health and discuss any findings with them during the appointment.
3. Improved image quality: Digital radiography produces clearer and more precise images compared to traditional film, enabling dentists to better detect issues such as cavities, fractures, or tumors.
4. Enhanced communication: The ability to easily manipulate and enhance digital images allows for better communication between dental professionals and improved patient education.
5. Environmentally friendly: Digital radiography eliminates the need for chemical processing and disposal of used film, making it a more environmentally conscious choice.
6. Easy storage and retrieval: Digital images can be stored electronically and accessed easily for future reference or consultation with other dental professionals.
7. Remote consultations: Digital images can be shared remotely with specialists or insurance companies, facilitating faster diagnoses and treatment planning.

Löfgren S (1953). "Primary pulmonary sarcoidosis. I. Early signs and symptoms". Acta Med Scand. 145 (6): 424-431. doi:10.1111/j ... List of cutaneous conditions Sarcoidosis Ohta H, Tazawa R, Nakamura A, et al. (2006). "Acute-onset sarcoidosis with erythema ... Löfgren syndrome is a type of acute sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disorder characterized by swollen lymph nodes in the chest, ...
... especially CNS sarcoidosis; minimally effective in sarcoidosis myopathy), and pulmonary sarcoidosis. As the granulomas are ... Sarcoidosis may be divided into the following types: Annular sarcoidosis Erythrodermic sarcoidosis Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis ... Sarcoidosis in a lymph node Pulmonary sarcoidosis with granulomas with Langhans giant cells and asteroid bodies Schaumann body ... ACE inhibitors have been reported to cause remission in cutaneous sarcoidosis and improvement in pulmonary sarcoidosis, ...
Chen ES (September 2016). "Innate immunity in sarcoidosis pathobiology". Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 22 (5): 469-475 ... of function with development of Crohn's disease and early-onset sarcoidosis. Mutations in NOD2 in cooperation with ...
Panselinas E, Judson MA (October 2012). "Acute pulmonary exacerbations of sarcoidosis". Chest. 142 (4): 827-836. doi:10.1378/ ... Felty's syndrome Takayasu arteritis Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Ankylosing spondylitis Crohn's disease Sarcoidosis Uveitis ...
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"Incidence and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis in the UK". Thorax. 61 (11): 980-985. doi:10.1136/thx. ... The number of published studies on the role of pulmonary rehabilitation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is small, but most of ... "Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis". NHLBI, NIH. Retrieved 5 December 2020. Meltzer EB, Noble PW (2008). "Idiopathic pulmonary ... December 2011). "Familial pulmonary fibrosis is the strongest risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis". Respiratory ...
Nonpharmacological Therapy for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis". In Baughman RP, Valeyre D (eds.). Sarcoidosis. Philadelphia: Elsevier. ... Bronchial veins Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy Marini TJ, He K, Hobbs SK, Kaproth-Joslin K (December 2018). "Pictorial review ... They anastomose with the branches of the pulmonary arteries, and together, they supply the visceral pleura of the lung in the ... Note that much of the oxygenated blood supplied by the bronchial arteries is returned via the pulmonary veins rather than the ...
ATYR1923 is currently being investigated in a clinical trial in pulmonary sarcoidosis patients. The company was founded in 2005 ... "Study of Intravenous ATYR1923 for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis". Bloomberg: Company Overview of aTyr Pharma, Inc. "Company Overview of ... ATYR1923 is currently being investigated in a clinical trial in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. In January 2020, ATyr ... sarcoidosis, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) and connective tissue disease ILD (CTD-ILD). aTyr recently initiated a ...
Pulmonary Hypertension: A Patient's Survival Guide 3rd ed. p.134. Pulmonary Hypertension: A Patient's Survival Guide 3rd ed. p ... including bronchiectasis and sarcoidosis. Despite the severity of a patient's respiratory condition, certain pre-existing ... idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; 14% cystic fibrosis; 12% idiopathic (formerly known as "primary") pulmonary hypertension; 5% ... Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation, is a surgical procedure in which one or both lungs are replaced by lungs ...
"Steroid-sparing effects of pentoxifylline in pulmonary sarcoidosis". Sarcoidosis, Vasculitis, and Diffuse Lung Diseases. 26 (2 ... "Inhibition of cytokine release from alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis by pentoxifylline: comparison with ... Pentoxifylline has been tested for use in sarcoidosis patients as an alternative or compliment to prednisone and other steroids ... Zabel P, Entzian P, Dalhoff K, Schlaak M (May 1997). "Pentoxifylline in treatment of sarcoidosis". American Journal of ...
Herndon, BL; Vlach, V; Dew, M; Willsie, SK (2004). "Helicobacter pylori-related immunoglobulins in sarcoidosis". Journal of ... Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 14 (4): 316-21. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283018220. PMID 18520265. S2CID 20962098. Butel, ... Drake, Wonder Puryear; Newman, Lee S (2006). "Mycobacterial antigens may be important in sarcoidosis pathogenesis". Current ... Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 12 (5): 359-63. doi:10.1097/01.mcp.0000239554.01068.94. PMID 16926652. S2CID 7043585. ...
Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn's disease, Blau syndrome, severe pulmonary sarcoidosis and Graft-versus- ... "CARD15/NOD2 polymorphisms are associated with severe pulmonary sarcoidosis". Eur Respir J. 35 (2): 324-30. doi:10.1183/ ...
... chronic cases of aggressive progressive pulmonary and bone sarcoidosis. Adalimumab has been shown to reduce the signs and ...
"HLA-DR predicts the prognosis in Scandinavian patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis". Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 156 (5): 1601-5 ... "T-lymphocyte activity in HLA-DR17 positive patients with active and clinically recovered sarcoidosis". Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse ... 2007). "HLA class I and class II frequencies in patients with sarcoidosis from Croatia: role of HLA-B8, −DRB1*0301, and −DQB1* ... DR17 is associated with non-chronic sarcoidosis, infantile spasm/epilepsy, rabies vaccine-induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis ...
... s are associated with pneumonia, tuberculosis,[citation needed] and sarcoidosis. Pulmonary infiltrates can ... A pulmonary infiltrate is a substance denser than air, such as pus, blood, or protein, which lingers within the parenchyma of ... "Imaging of sarcoidosis of the airways and lung parenchyma and correlation with lung function". European Respiratory Journal. 40 ... "Assessment of persistent pulmonary infiltrate - Differential diagnosis of symptoms , BMJ Best Practice". bestpractice.bmj.com. ...
... systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery; mean pressure of the pulmonary artery (only required of sarcoidosis patients); ... cystic fibrosis Pulmonary Fibrosis, etc.); age of the patient; body mass index; presence or absence of diabetes mellitus; ... pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCW pressure); flow rate of supplemental oxygen required at rest; distance walked in six ... article on page 7 of the Winter 2007 Pathlight newsletter of the Pulmonary Hypertension Association. Grady, Denise: "Updated ...
Rathore died on February 16, 2018, after complications from chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis. Rathore received his M.Sc. from the ...
"Pulmonary sarcoidosis: typical and atypical manifestations at high-resolution CT with pathologic correlation". Radiographics. ... Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is a bilateral enlargement of the lymph nodes of pulmonary hila. It is a radiographic term for ... The following are causes of BHL: Sarcoidosis Infection Tuberculosis Fungal infection Mycoplasma Intestinal Lipodystrophy ( ...
The differential diagnosis includes idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, and others ... Conversely, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in the absence of asbestos bodies is most likely not asbestosis. Asbestos bodies in ... Periodic pulmonary function tests, chest x-rays, and clinical evaluations, including cancer screening/evaluations, are given to ... The death of English textile worker Nellie Kershaw in 1924 from pulmonary asbestosis was the first case to be described in ...
Sarcoidosis Aspergilloma Tuberculosis Histoplasmosis Pneumonia Pulmonary edema Endometriosis and thoracic endometriosis ... Google Health - Google Google Health - Google "Sarcoidosis Signs & Symptoms - Sarcoidosis - HealthCommunities.com". Archived ... Acute pulmonary edema". N. Engl. J. Med. 353 (26): 2788-96. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp052699. PMID 16382065. "Endometriosis". The ... MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Pulmonary aspergilloma Google Health - Google "Histoplasmosis Symptoms - Diseases and Conditions - ...
These endemic mycoses may also present with pulmonary symptoms or extra-pulmonary symptoms such as B symptoms (such as fevers, ... Disseminated granulomatoses such as tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis and sarcoidosis are ... Thromboembolic disease (i.e. pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis) occasionally shows fever. Although infrequent, its ... injury syndrome Postmyocardial infarction syndrome Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary hyperparathyroidism Recurrent pulmonary ...
Micrograph of asteroid bodies in pulmonary sarcoidosis. H&E stain. Asteroid body in sarcoidosis. Cain, H; Kraus, B (Dec 1977 ... Asteroid Centriole Schaumann body Granulomatous diseases Sarcoidosis Micrograph of asteroid bodies in pulmonary sarcoidosis. H& ... An asteroid body is a microscopic finding seen within the giant cells of granulomas in diseases such as sarcoidosis and foreign ... "Immunofluorescence microscopic demonstration of vimentin filaments in asteroid bodies of sarcoidosis. A comparison with ...
2008). "Evaluation of CD103 as a cellular marker for the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis". Clin. Immunol. 126 (3): 338-44. ... 2009). "Effect of variation in ITGAE on risk of sarcoidosis, CD103 expression, and chest radiography". Clin. Immunol. 133 (1): ...
Sarcoidosis could also feature increased eNO. Low levels have been found in primary ciliary dyskinesia, bronchopulmonary ... In the latter condition, inhaled NO is used as a diagnostic test of the response of the pulmonary arteries to vasodilators ( ... Today, NO is not only used in breath tests but also as a therapeutic agent for conditions such as pulmonary arterial ... Exhaled NO is minimally increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but levels may rise in sudden worsenings of the ...
Pena TA, Soubani AO, Samavati L (April 2011). "Aspergillus lung disease in patients with sarcoidosis: a case series and review ... If chronic pulmonary aspergillosis has progressed to subacute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, there must be a degree of ... For chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis and chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis, lifelong use of antifungal ... They can arise within any bodily cavity, though in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis they form within pulmonary cavities that ...
Dr Caton explains that sarcoidosis is usually treatable, but it has developed into pulmonary fibrosis. Hendrix asks what ... Dr Caton calls Hendrix to tell him that his test results have come through, and she informs him that he has sarcoidosis, an ... However, Dr Caton informs him that he has a life-threatening lung condition called pulmonary fibrosis and needs to undergo a ... Hendrix then tells his family that he has an autoimmune disease that developed into pulmonary fibrosis, after he rescued ...
"Gene expression profiling identifies MMP-12 and ADAMDEC1 as potential pathogenic mediators of pulmonary sarcoidosis". American ...
DRB3*01 is positively associated with sarcoidosis, Grave's Disease, pulmonary sarcoidosis, DRB3*01:01:DRB1*03:01 is linked to ... "Lung T-helper cells expressing T-cell receptor AV2S3 associate with clinical features of pulmonary sarcoidosis". Am. J. Respir ... Ishihara M, Ishida T, Mizuki N, Inoko H, Ando H, Ohno S (1995). "Clinical features of sarcoidosis in relation to HLA ... DRB1*11 or DRB1*12 and their respective DRB3 specificities in clinical variants of sarcoidosis". Tissue Antigens. 57 (1): 87-90 ...
Detection of pulmonary and mediastinal inflammation/infection, especially in the immunocompromised patient. Evaluation and ... follow-up of active lymphocytic or granulomatous inflammatory processes such as sarcoidosis or tuberculosis. Diagnosing ... Evaluation and follow-up of drug-induced pulmonary toxicity (e.g. Bleomycin, Amiodarone) Evaluation of patients who are not ...
His clinical interests included pulmonary diseases including sarcoidosis, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, chronic obstructive ... He completed a pulmonary and critical care fellowship in 1993. Mahoney began working at the University Hospital of Brooklyn and ... pulmonary disease, and bronchoscopy. The COVID-19 pandemic in New York changed Mahoney's plan to retire in January 2020. He ...
Approximately 60-70% of patients with sarcoidosis have characteristic radiologic findings. ... For patients with thoracic sarcoidosis, when chest radiographic imaging results are correlated with the clinical findings, ... encoded search term (Thoracic (Pulmonary) Sarcoidosis Imaging) and Thoracic (Pulmonary) Sarcoidosis Imaging What to Read Next ... Ors F, Gumus S, Aydogan M, Sari S, Verim S, Deniz O. HRCT findings of pulmonary sarcoidosis; relation to pulmonary function ...
... distinct phenotypes of chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis include persistently active disease, parenchymal fibrosis and airway ... 4. Summarize and continually improve communications as a team, caring for Pulmonary/Critical Care patients. Presentation: 57 ... and is an important gap in our understanding of sarcoidosis. Overall Goals and Objectives: Following this activity, a ... participant should be able to: 1. Recognize recent advances and developments in Pulmonary Medicine & Critical Care and ...
Sarcoidosis is a condition in which immune system cells cluster together. These cell clusters are called granulomas. ... Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. The immune system protects the body from harmful or foreign substances. One of the ways it does this is ... A Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Namilumab in Participants With Chronic Pulmonary Sarcoidosis (RESOLVE-Lung). TIRB ... If youre experiencing signs or symptoms of pulmonary sarcoidosis, schedule an appointment or call 800-TEMPLE-MED (800-836-7536 ...
Apoptosis in the course of granulomatous inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. R Kunitake, K Kuwano, H Miyazaki, N Hagimoto, Y ... Apoptosis in the course of granulomatous inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. R Kunitake, K Kuwano, H Miyazaki, N Hagimoto, Y ... Apoptosis in the course of granulomatous inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. R Kunitake, K Kuwano, H Miyazaki, N Hagimoto, Y ... Apoptosis in the course of granulomatous inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a ...
... currently being enrolled in the first clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of immunological therapy for chronic pulmonary ... sarcoidosis. The trial is being conducted by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. ... Patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis typically exhibit symptoms of shortness of breath, cough and/or wheeze. It affects men and ... Mount Sinai launches clinical trial to treat chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis. by The Mount Sinai Hospital ...
Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Efzofitimod in Patients With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ... Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Efzofitimod in Patients With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. aTyr Investigative Site ... The Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation rates among top charities in the U.S. The PFF has a four-star rating from Charity Navigator ...
Corticosteroids for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 18, Article ID CD001114. ... Pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans Co-Infection on an Underlying Sarcoidosis Condition: Report of a ... Paramothayan, N.S., Lasserson, T.J. and Jones, P.W. (2005) Corticosteroids for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Cochrane Database of ... Pulmonary Hypertension Induced by Thalidomide (and Derivatives) in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review ...
Therapeutic Doses of Efzofitimod Significantly Improve Multiple Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Efficacy Measures. Efzofitimod, a First- ...
On pulmonary function testing, 40 percent of individuals with stages 2 to 4 pulmonary sarcoidosis show a restrictive pattern[15 ... pulmonary sarcoidosis involves four stages: bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BLH) without pulmonary infiltrates, BLH with ... Sarcoidosis. Part I: pulmonary manifestations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51(3):448-451.. 15. Alhamad EH, Lynch JP 3rd, Martinez ... Conversely, pulmonary sarcoidosis responds to corticosteroids and, depending on the stage of disease, often has a significantly ...
... with the development of pulmonary fibrosis in more severe cases. For most patients, pulmonary sarcoidosis may be a benign and ... Sarcoidosis: pulmonary and skin studies before and after ACTH and cortisone therapy. Dis Chest 1956; 29: 277-291. doi:10.1378/ ... Pharmacotherapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis: a Delphi consensus study. Respir Med 2010; 104: 717-723. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.12. ... Infliximab therapy in patients with chronic sarcoidosis and pulmonary involvement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 795-802 ...
Pulmonary sarcoidosis. Clin Chest Med. 2004; 25:521-530.. 4. Mitchell DN, Scadding JG. Sarcoidosis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1974; ... we conducted immunology repertoire study of pulmonary sarcoidosis T cells in CD4+, CD8+ PBMC and sarcoidosis tissue to reveal ... Lung and thoracic lymph nodes are the key organs for the clinical diagnosis [4].The presentations of pulmonary sarcoidosis may ... 1. Valeyre D, Bernaudin JF, Jeny F, Duchemann B, Freynet O, Planes C, Kambouchner M, Nunes H. Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Clin Chest ...
... Vis R.. ;Malviya G.;Signore A.;Grutters ... 99mTc-anti-TNF-α antibody for the imaging of disease activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis / Vis, R.; Malviya, G.; Signore, A.; ... 99mTc-anti-TNF-α antibody for the imaging of disease activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis / Vis, R.; Malviya, G.; Signore, A.; ... sarcoidosis, pulmonary; single photon emission computed tomography computed tomography; technetium; tumor necrosis factor-alpha ...
Pulmonary sarcoidosis was diagnosed on transbronchial lung biopsy five months after the initiation of treatment with interferon ... We present the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of interferon-induced pulmonary sarcoidosis in a patient whose ... Sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who develops clinical or radiological pulmonary ... It is important to note that interferon-induced sarcoidosis, though usually seen in cases with interferon-α, can occur with ...
Sarcoidosis - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional ... Chest CT Scan in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. This high-resolution CT of the chest of a patient with pulmonary sarcoidosis shows ... extrapulmonary sarcoidosis, such as cardiac sarcoidosis Cardiac Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis is a multisystem, chronic inflammatory/ ... Pulmonary function test Overview of Tests of Pulmonary Function Pulmonary function tests provide measures of airflow, lung ...
... and pulmonary vascular disease, mainly DVT/PE. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011;17:297-402. ... This months Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine has a section each on sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, ... This months Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine has a section each on sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary ...
Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Close Main Menu Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Main Menu. ... Johns Hopkins Sarcoidosis Registry, which is working to understand the extent and severity of sarcoidosis in our patients and ... Johns Hopkins remains in the forefront of sarcoidosis research with a mission to improve our understanding of sarcoidosis and ... If you would like to be part of our mission to improve the lives of those affected by sarcoidosis, please reach out to us at [ ...
Pulmonologists at NYU Langones Sarcoidosis Program are experts at diagnosing and managing lung sarcoidosis, also known as ...
Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis answers are found in the Cochrane Abstracts powered by ... sarcoidosis. Immunosuppressive and Cytotoxic Therapy for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis [Internet]. In: Cochrane Abstracts. [cited 2023 ... sarcoidosis. Accessed 23 September 2023.. Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis. Cochrane Abstracts ... "Immunosuppressive and Cytotoxic Therapy for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis." Cochrane Abstracts, Evidence Central, evidence. ...
The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on the typical clinical and radiological picture, finding non caseating granulomas and... ... most commonly manifested by pulmonary hilus and mediastinal lymph node enlargement, and interstitial changes in the lungs. ... Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease, most commonly manifested by pulmonary hilus and mediastinal lymph node ... Association of histologically proven rheumatoid arthritis with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 472-473. . ...
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease with a predilection for the respiratory system. Although most patients enter ... Pulmonary Hypertension. A variety of mechanisms can cause pulmonary hypertension (PH) in sarcoidosis (Table 2). Among these, ... Pulmonary complications in sarcoidosis unrelated to fibrosis include pleural effusion, chylothorax, pulmonary embolism, and PH ... Complications of fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis include pulmonary hypertension from capillary obliteration and chronic ...
... that bronchoalveolar lavage may not correctly sample the immune cells of lung interstitial tissue in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The ... CONCLUSIONS: The finding of large numbers of B lymphocytes in sarcoid pulmonary lesions is in contrast to bronchoalveolar ... Although cell mediated immunity is primarily thought to mediate the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, the presence of ... that bronchoalveolar lavage may not correctly sample the immune cells of lung interstitial tissue in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The ...
... in sarcoidosis patients. Methods: This study was conducted with fifty patients with sarcoidosis. We grouped patients according ... Results: PH prevalence in sarcoidosis was found to be 10%. In cases with likely PH, FEV1%, FVC%, MMF% was found to be lower. ... is a significant complication and is poor prognostic factor for sarcoidosis. We evaluated various tests of diagnosis and ... patients who have longer disease duration and abnormal pulmonary function tests, should be examined about PH. Patients should ...
... and improved the quality of life in adults with pulmonary sarcoidosis, a small, exploratory study concluded. The findings ... Antibiotic Azithromycin Curbs Cough in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Study Concludes Antibiotic Azithromycin Curbs Cough in Pulmonary ... The post Antibiotic Azithromycin Curbs Cough in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Study Concludes appeared first on Sarcoidosis News. ... "Chronic cough is a distressing symptom for many people with pulmonary sarcoidosis, and for some, it can have a big impact on ...
METHODS: We compared whole blood genome-wide transcriptional profiles in pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, to ... Heterogeneity of the sarcoidosis signature correlated significantly with disease activity. Transcriptional profiles in ... CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis revealed similar blood transcriptional profiles, dominated by interferon-inducible ... Comparing the blood transcriptional response of tuberculosis to other similar pulmonary diseases will advance knowledge of ...
Key Opinion Leader Event on Current Treatment Options for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Jun 29, 2021 5:00 PM EDT ...
16] Certain prior pulmonary pathology, such as past infection with pulmonary tuberculosis, may increase the risk of mortality. ... Impact of prior pulmonary tuberculosis in treatment outcomes of HCAP and CAP patients in intensive care units. J Microbiol ... Underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [2] : H influenzae or M catarrhalis ... For example, influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Hantavirus pulmonary ...
High blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs (pulmonary hypertension). *Sarcoidosis ... Emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). *Lung conditions in which the lung tissues become swollen and ... Follow any exercise program that you were taught during pulmonary rehabilitation.. *Keep any appointments that you have made ...
  • The Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation rates among top charities in the U.S. The PFF has a four-star rating from Charity Navigator and is an accredited charity by the Better Business Bureau (BBB) Wise Giving Alliance. (pulmonaryfibrosis.org)
  • Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder of lysosomal storage characterized by the triad of occulocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis, and pulmonary fibrosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • As patients with occulocutaneous and bleeding manifestations of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome may also develop pulmonary fibrosis, the authors present this case to illustrate that pulmonary symptoms must be carefully evaluated in those with this syndrome because in this case, the patient developed underlying pulmonary sarcoidosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • When treating patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), healthcare providers may consider respiratory symptoms a manifestation of HPS-associated pulmonary fibrosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • This form of pulmonary fibrosis has a progressive course, is difficult to treat, and portends a poor prognosis with a shortened life expectancy. (jcadonline.com)
  • The authors report an unusual case of a patient who was previously diagnosed with HPS-associated pulmonary fibrosis and on further evaluation was found to have pulmonary sarcoidosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • Her symptoms were first attributed to pulmonary fibrosis secondary to HPS. (jcadonline.com)
  • However, a diagnostic pulmonary workup, including a high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan as well as multiple pulmonary function tests, yielded results inconsistent with pulmonary fibrosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • Her symptoms continued to progress and further imaging and pulmonary function testing did not reveal HPS-associated pulmonary fibrosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • Lung involvement commonly manifests as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltration, with the development of pulmonary fibrosis in more severe cases. (ersjournals.com)
  • Lung and thoracic lymph nodes are the key organs for the clinical diagnosis [ 4 ].The presentations of pulmonary sarcoidosis may vary from a radiographic abnormality detected in an asymptomatic individual to a progressive pulmonary disorder causing lung fibrosis and respiratory failure. (oncotarget.com)
  • Although most patients enter remission and have good long-term outcomes, up to 20% develop fibrotic lung disease, whereby granulomatous inflammation evolves to pulmonary fibrosis. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • The development of pulmonary fibrosis is associated with significant morbidity and can be fatal. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Pulmonary function testing often demonstrates restriction from parenchymal involvement, although airflow obstruction from airway-centric fibrosis is also recognized. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • However, up to 20% develop pulmonary fibrosis as a response to inflammation. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • It is not clear that the risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis, or stage IV disease, varies by ancestry. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • In sarcoidosis, small foci of fibrosis around granulomas can be an expected finding, and small areas of macroscopic fibrosis may occur at sites of healed inflammatory lesions. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Even when the extent of fibrosis is anatomically limited and pulmonary function remains normal, a pathologic fibrotic response results in some degree of permanent alteration of pulmonary architecture. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • However, unlike in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), in sarcoidosis there is little evidence to suggest that fibrotic activity, once initiated, continues inexorably. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Causes of sarcodoisis associated PH have not been clarified yet but possible explanations include damage to the vascular bed due to lung parenchymal fibrosis, granuloma in the pulmonary blood vessels, compression of the pulmonary vessels by lymphadenopathy, systolic/diastolic dysfunction associated myocardial sarcoidosis, and hypoxic vasoconstriction. (scirp.org)
  • Histology of the resected bullae showed prominent peribronchial fibrosis with non-necrotizing, non-caseating granulomas and collaps of pulmonary lobules adjacent to the bulla. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histological work-up showed prominent peribronchial fibrosis with numerous non-necrotizising, non-caseating granulomas and a collaps of pulmonary lobules adjacent to the bulla was found. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While both types can cause shortness of breath, obstructive lung diseases (such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder) cause more difficulty with exhaling air, while restrictive lung diseases (such as pulmonary fibrosis) can cause problems by restricting a person's ability to inhale air. (vivu.tv)
  • The study was performed on BAL cells from nine patients with interstitial lung disease: four patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and five patients with sarcoidosis. (nih.gov)
  • Pulmonary sarcoidosis can also lead to pulmonary hypertension, irreversible fibrosis of the lung, and in more serious cases transplantation ii . (kinevant.com)
  • Background The chronic span of pulmonary sarcoidosis can lead to lung dysfunction due to fibrosis, in which the signalling pathways TGF-/Smad and VEGF-A may play a key role. (palomid529.com)
  • Inside a rat style of lung fibrosis treatment with adenoviral delivery of VEGF led to decreased endothelial apoptosis, improved vascularisation, and reduced pulmonary hypertension because of reduced remodelling, but worsened pulmonary fibrosis [7] significantly. (palomid529.com)
  • One study has shown that the severity of liver function test abnormalities is significantly related with the degree of fibrosis and extensiveness of the granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • Rarely, there has also been evidence of interstitial lung disease, such as sarcoidosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans. (cdc.gov)
  • Complications of fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis include pulmonary hypertension from capillary obliteration and chronic aspergillus disease, with hemoptysis a common and potentially life-threatening manifestation. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a significant complication and is poor prognostic factor for sarcoidosis. (scirp.org)
  • The exclusion criteria were to have a relative or absolute contraindication for 6 MWT [10] (unstable angina in the last month, history of myocardial infarction, pulse rate at rest over 120/min, systolic blood pressure over 180 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure over 100 mmHg) according to American Thorax Society (ATS) and pathologies such as mitral stenosis, congestive heart failure, systemic hypertension, connective tissue diseases that might affect pulmonary arterial pressure. (scirp.org)
  • Patients with DLCO of less than 60% predicted and oxygen desaturation of less than 90% on the 6-minute walk test have a high likelihood of pulmonary hypertension and should undergo further evaluation for the presence of this disorder. (medscape.com)
  • [ 51 ] In one study, patients with a saturation of less than 90% during a 6-minute walk test were 12 times more likely to have pulmonary hypertension. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure in your pulmonary arteries, which carry oxygen-poor blood from your heart to your lungs. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Pulmonary hypertension causes your pulmonary arteries to become narrow. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What is pulmonary hypertension? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a general diagnosis that means you have high blood pressure in your pulmonary arteries . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Pulmonary hypertension has many different causes. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Pulmonary hypertension is dangerous because it disrupts the flow of blood through your heart and lungs . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • How does pulmonary hypertension affect my body? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Without treatment, pulmonary hypertension can overtax your heart and eventually be fatal. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Because pulmonary hypertension can affect your entire body, it's essential that you're diagnosed and treated as early as possible. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What are the different types of pulmonary hypertension? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) divides pulmonary hypertension into five groups based on its cause. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Who does pulmonary hypertension affect? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Pulmonary hypertension can affect adults at any age. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • This is called persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • How common is pulmonary hypertension? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Some types of PH are rare, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PH caused by blood clots. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • This month's Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine has a section each on sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary vascular disease, mainly DVT/PE. (pulmccm.org)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease, most commonly manifested by pulmonary hilus and mediastinal lymph node enlargement, and interstitial changes in the lungs. (termedia.pl)
  • CONCLUSIONS: The finding of large numbers of B lymphocytes in sarcoid pulmonary lesions is in contrast to bronchoalveolar lavage studies, which have demonstrated proportions of 5% or less of B cells as a total of all immune cells, and therefore indicates that bronchoalveolar lavage may not correctly sample the immune cells of lung interstitial tissue in pulmonary sarcoidosis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown etiology that mostly affects the lung parenchyma with interstitial and granulomatous changes of varying intensity and expression depending on the stage of the disease. (jms.mk)
  • To analyze the distribution and characteristics of interstitial lung lesions and the involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes in pulmonary sarcoidosis by the method of high-resolution computed tomography. (jms.mk)
  • Rare inflammatory diseases, including sarcoidosis, are complex disorders that are challenging to diagnose and difficult to treat as there are limited, often ineffective treatment options," said Divya Patel, D.O., associate professor of medicine, sarcoid program director and interstitial lung disease program director at University of Florida. (kinevant.com)
  • A common interstitial lung disease caused by hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial, animal, or chemical sources. (bvsalud.org)
  • Symptoms of pulmonary involvement such as dry cough and shortness of breath develop in 20-30% of patients. (medscape.com)
  • If you're experiencing signs or symptoms of pulmonary sarcoidosis, schedule an appointment or call 800-TEMPLE-MED (800-836-7536) today. (templehealth.org)
  • Patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis typically exhibit symptoms of shortness of breath, cough and/or wheeze. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In addition to determining whether patients' symptoms improve with this treatment, we will examine cell signaling pathways and immune responses in the trial participants which will help us better understand the biology of sarcoidosis and ultimately lead to the development of therapies that target the immune response. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The pathophysiology, histological findings, clinical symptoms, and treatment of the pulmonary manifestations of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome are distinct from those of sarcoidosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • Additionally, in patients with HPS, a complete pulmonary evaluation may be indicated to determine the exact etiology of the symptoms. (jcadonline.com)
  • The constitutional symptoms continued until 2007, when she was noted on a follow-up, high-resolution, chest CT to have bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and diffuse pulmonary nodules. (jcadonline.com)
  • The patient did not develop any cutaneous symptoms of sarcoidosis and her disease was limited to her lungs. (jcadonline.com)
  • A history of present illness should elicit pulmonary symptoms of sarcoidosis, including cough, dyspnea or chest pain. (oncotarget.com)
  • Neurologists managing patients with multiple sclerosis should be aware of this association between interferon-β and sarcoidosis and promptly refer patients developing respiratory symptoms for further investigation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Pulmonary symptoms range from none to cough, exertional dyspnea and, rarely, lung or other organ failure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A case of coexistence of sarcoidosis disease with symptoms of the osteoarticular system resembling RA is presented. (termedia.pl)
  • The symptoms of right ventricular dysfunction such as progressive dyspnea, cough, chest pain, tachycardia, and pretibial edema can also be seen in sarcoidosis associated PH. (scirp.org)
  • Sarcoidosis is characterized by granulomas, or small clusters of immune cells, that can accumulate in any organ of the body and lead to painful symptoms, organ dysfunction, and sometimes even organ failure. (kinevant.com)
  • Pulmonary sarcoidosis symptoms often resolve after one or two courses of oral corticosteroids, but in about half of all patients the disease persists requiring patients to maintain oral steroids or try other immunosuppressive therapies off label," explained Bill Gerhart, chief executive officer of Kinevant Sciences. (kinevant.com)
  • In other chronic pulmonary illnesses, psychological symptoms are associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) independent of disease severity," the researchers wrote. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Patients with sarcoidosis requiring treatment have higher rates of depressive symptoms and worse quality of life compared with asymptomatic patients, suggesting those requiring treatment should be evaluated separately," the researchers added. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • We hypothesized that psychological symptoms would be associated with an increased odds of healthcare utilization, worse HRQoL, and worse pulmonary function," the investigators wrote. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Our study confirms previous findings of high rates of psychological symptoms among sarcoidosis patients," the researchers wrote. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Given the burden of psychological symptoms in sarcoidosis, and its associations with clinical outcomes, screening and treating for depression and anxiety may be especially important" in order to reduce acute healthcare utilization by patients and to improve their quality of life. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Numerous studies have documented significant associations between increased respiratory symptoms, persistent airways hyperreactivity, RADS or asthma, and/or declines in pulmonary function with earlier WTC arrival times. (cdc.gov)
  • Sarcoidosis may also severely impair the quality of life through diverse, persistent disabling symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a disease characterized by the development of noncaseating granulomas, most commonly affecting the lungs. (jcadonline.com)
  • It may still be helpful in a subset of patients in whom the clinical picture remains confusing despite histologic evidence of noncaseating granulomas (NCGs) (eg, differentiating chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis from sarcoidosis). (medscape.com)
  • Series of histologic slides (see the next 2 images) from a patient with sarcoidosis show characteristic noncaseating granulomas with many giant cells. (medscape.com)
  • Transcriptional blood signatures distinguish pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumonias and lung cancers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RATIONALE: New approaches to define factors underlying the immunopathogenesis of pulmonary diseases including sarcoidosis and tuberculosis are needed to develop new treatments and biomarkers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Comparing the blood transcriptional response of tuberculosis to other similar pulmonary diseases will advance knowledge of disease pathways and help distinguish diseases with similar clinical presentations. (ox.ac.uk)
  • OBJECTIVES: To determine the factors underlying the immunopathogenesis of the granulomatous diseases, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, by comparing the blood transcriptional responses in these and other pulmonary diseases. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: We compared whole blood genome-wide transcriptional profiles in pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, to community acquired pneumonia and primary lung cancer and healthy controls, before and after treatment, and in purified leucocyte populations. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: An Interferon-inducible neutrophil-driven blood transcriptional signature was present in both sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, with a higher abundance and expression in tuberculosis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis revealed similar blood transcriptional profiles, dominated by interferon-inducible transcripts, while pneumonia and lung cancer showed distinct signatures, dominated by inflammatory genes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There were also significant differences between tuberculosis and sarcoidosis in the degree of their transcriptional activity, the heterogeneity of their profiles and their transcriptional response to treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Is pulmonary tuberculosis obstructive or restrictive? (vivu.tv)
  • In small studies and cases series, a history of tuberculosis has been associated with both airflow obstruction, which is characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and restrictive patterns on spirometry. (vivu.tv)
  • 2 Another 1.2 million people are estimated to have CPA after having tuberculosis, 3 and over 70,000 people are estimated to have CPA as a complication of sarcoidosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Droplet nuclei are produced when persons with pulmonary tuberculosis cough, sneeze, speak, or sing. (cdc.gov)
  • Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the differential diagnosis between sarcoidosis and tuberculosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy. (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Xpert MTB/RIF assay in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for differentiating tuberculosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy from sarcoidosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy . (bvsalud.org)
  • The patients who were suspected to having sarcoidosis or tuberculosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy at the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between October 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021 were retrospectively evaluated in this study. (bvsalud.org)
  • The diagnostic performances of EBUS-TBNA Xpert, acid -fast bacilli, culture , and peripheral blood QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT) for differentiating sarcoidosis from tuberculosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy were analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Of those, 83 patients were finally diagnosed with sarcoidosis (N = 50) and tuberculosis (N = 33) intrathoracic lymphadenopathy . (bvsalud.org)
  • Young individuals were more likely to have tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (P = 0.006). (bvsalud.org)
  • Markers of inflammation , including fever , leukocytes , and serum ferritin levels, were significantly higher in tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (P (bvsalud.org)
  • For patients with thoracic sarcoidosis , when chest radiographic imaging results are correlated with clinical findings, chest radiography may be the only imaging required. (medscape.com)
  • There was a significant correlation between the result of TUNEL and clinical course in patients with sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • Patients are currently being enrolled in the first clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of immunological therapy for chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The randomized placebo Phase II clinical trial at Mount Sinai for patients with sarcoidosis is designed to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of an antibody directed against macrophage colony-stimulating factor (m-CSF), a protein associated with the development of sarcoidosis. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In the absence of clinical evidence, our Delphi consensus opinions may provide practical guidance to physicians on the management of RCI to treat pulmonary sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • The diagnosis of sarcoidosis, is based on a compatible clinical-radiological picture and the histological evidence of non-caseating granulomas. (oncotarget.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who develops clinical or radiological pulmonary disease while undergoing interferon therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on the typical clinical and radiological picture, finding non caseating granulomas and exclusion of diseases with a similar clinical and pathological picture. (termedia.pl)
  • Most patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis undergo clinical remission with minimal residual organ impairment and favorable long-term outcomes. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Now, researchers based at Hull York Medical School in the U.K. conducted a small, open-label, exploratory clinical trial ( NCT04020380 , EudraCT 2019-000580-24 ) to evaluate the impact of azithromycin on chronic cough in people with pulmonary sarcoidosis. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • The clinical and radiologic features of nodular pulmonary sarcoidosis.Lung. (jms.mk)
  • Of these, the clinical features of sarcoidosis are most similar to the characteristics of CBD ( Table 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The presentation of pulmonary embolism is similarly subtle with nonspecific clinical features such as acute dyspnea, tachycardia, and pleuritic chest pain. (vivu.tv)
  • This Phase 2 clinical study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kinevant's namilumab for the treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis. (kinevant.com)
  • The RESOLVE-Lung study is a Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating namilumab for the treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis. (kinevant.com)
  • The findings of the study, " Psychological burden associated with worse clinical outcomes in sarcoidosis ," were published in the journal BMJ Open Respiratory Research . (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • In the study, a team from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore set out to investigate the possible link between the high prevalence of depression and anxiety and worse clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis requiring treatment. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • The researchers noted, however, that future studies are still needed to better understand the impact that depression and anxiety may have on clinical outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • [ 1 , 52 ] Considering its prognostic significance, the heart rate recovery index may have clinical use in identifying patients with sarcoidosis who are at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical course of sarcoidosis in World Trade Center-exposed firefighters. (cdc.gov)
  • In a population of firefighters with post-World Trade Center (WTC) 9/11/2001 (9/11) sarcoidosis, we have a unique opportunity to describe the clinical course of incident sarcoidosis during the 15 years postexposure and, on average, 8 years following diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
  • 13 Studies in both cohorts (FDNY and non-FDNY) are currently underway to determine the course of pulmonary function over the next 5 years post-WTC, specifically, whether it has improved, stabilized or declined, and, if there are differences in clinical course within or between the cohorts, and which factors might be predictive of favorable or unfavorable outcome. (cdc.gov)
  • The current standard treatment for chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis is corticosteroids ," said Adam Morgenthau, MD, principal investigator of the study and Director of the Sarcoidosis Clinic and the Alvin S. Teirstein Sarcoidosis Support Group at Mount Sinai. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The most common areas for granulomas to grow are the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, and skin, but sarcoidosis can affect any organ or area of the body. (templehealth.org)
  • Sarcoidosis has unknown reason and is multisystemic granulomatous disease that affects mostly lung and lymph nodes. (scirp.org)
  • Löfgren syndrome is a type of acute sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disorder characterized by swollen lymph nodes in the chest, tender red nodules on the shins, fever and arthritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis can be diverse, involving the intrathoracic lymph nodes and pulmonary parenchyma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HPS comprises a rare group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by the triad of OCA, bleeding diathesis, and, in many cases, the accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin, resulting in pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and cardiac manifestations. (jcadonline.com)
  • UNLABELLED: INTRODUCTION: With the increasing use of recombinant α and β interferon therapy for the treatment of various disorders, cases of interferon-associated sarcoidosis have been reported in the literature. (ox.ac.uk)
  • American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society/World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders. (termedia.pl)
  • What is the difference between an obstructive and a restrictive pulmonary disorders? (vivu.tv)
  • N-acetylcysteine (NAC), owing to its antioxidant, mucolytic and anti-inflammatory properties, is used in the treatment of various pulmonary disorders. (nih.gov)
  • Coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis: difficulties encountered in the differential diagnosis of common manifestations. (termedia.pl)
  • In addition, patients with atypical CAP may present with more subtle pulmonary findings, nonlobar infiltrates on radiography, and various extrapulmonary manifestations (eg, diarrhea, otalgia). (medscape.com)
  • However, pulmonary manifestations can be atypical. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare disease characterized by systemic and pulmonary manifestations. (scirp.org)
  • Approximately 60-70% of patients with sarcoidosis have characteristic radiologic findings. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 10-30% of patients with sarcoidosis develop progressive pulmonary disease. (medscape.com)
  • More than 10% of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis develop progressive disease, and more than 60% of deaths are due to advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Summarize and continually improve communications as a team, caring for Pulmonary/Critical Care patients. (jefferson.edu)
  • Dr. Rohit Gupta joined FOX29 with a patient to bring awareness to sarcoidosis and explain how patients can live with this rare, inflammatory disease. (templehealth.org)
  • Positive signals for TUNEL were detected in epithelioid histiocytes and lymphocytes within granulomas and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytes from patients with sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • FasL mRNA was expressed in BAL lymphocytes from 15 of 20 patients with sarcoidosis, but from only one of 10 patients with normal lung parenchyma. (ersjournals.com)
  • Resolutive Results with Oral Corticosteroids for Patients with COVID-19 in Pulmonary Inflammatory Phase. (scirp.org)
  • In patients treated with repository corticotrophin injection (RCI) for pulmonary sarcoidosis, effective management of adverse events may improve adherence. (ersjournals.com)
  • Key consensus recommendations included a starting dose of 40 units twice a week for patients with less severe disease, continued at a maintenance dose for patients who responded, particularly those with chronic refractory sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • For most patients, pulmonary sarcoidosis may be a benign and self-limiting disorder, and spontaneous remission occurs in the majority of patients with asymptomatic disease [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • However, for a significant minority of patients, sarcoidosis is a chronic, debilitating and even life-threatening condition. (ersjournals.com)
  • Here we used a combination of multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing to conduct a good quality analysis of the T-cell receptor BV complementarity-determining region 3 (TCR BV CDR3) gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 7 sarcoidosis patients and lung sarcoidosis tissue from 6 patients. (oncotarget.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology that affects patients all around the world [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • In this study we evaluated scintigraphy with technetium-99m (99mTc)-labelled infliximab for the imaging of disease activity in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. (uniroma1.it)
  • Johns Hopkins remains in the forefront of sarcoidosis research with a mission to improve our understanding of sarcoidosis and address the challenges that our patients face. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Lung transplantation should be considered for patients with severe fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis, as mortality is high in these patients. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • We evaluated various tests of diagnosis and treatment as well as the associations between PH and value of six-minute walk test (6 MWT) in sarcoidosis patients. (scirp.org)
  • Methods: This study was conducted with fifty patients with sarcoidosis. (scirp.org)
  • Conclusion: In all stages, patients who have longer disease duration and abnormal pulmonary function tests, should be examined about PH. (scirp.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence and frequency of PH and relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure and sarcoidosis related parameters (symptom, radiological stage, pulmonary function test, 6- minute walk test (6 MWT)) and value of 6 MWT in our patients with sarcoidosis. (scirp.org)
  • Fifty patients, who were followed-up at sarcoidosis unit, were enrolled into this prospective study in December 2007-June 2009. (scirp.org)
  • However the glucocorticoid-responsive sarcoidosis patients showed a significant increase in transcriptional activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 15 patients diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis were included in the study. (jms.mk)
  • 15 cases of patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis were analyzed all of whom are women in the age group of 30-60 years old. (jms.mk)
  • Two patient are in stage I and three are in III stage of the disease, 6 patients are in stage II of sarcoidosis and 4 are in stage IV of the disease. (jms.mk)
  • In a retrospective postmortem analysis, pulmonary embolism was the main cause of death in 21% of patients admitted for acute COPD exacerbation, independently of the premortem suspected cause of exacerbation. (vivu.tv)
  • In addition, patients with COPD more often develop pulmonary embolism than deep vein thrombosis. (vivu.tv)
  • NAC exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on IL-8 and MMP-9 release and ICAM- expression by BAL macrophages and lymphocytes from patients with IPF and sarcoidosis. (nih.gov)
  • Approximately 90% of patients have pulmonary sarcoidosis, which can result in breathlessness, fatigue, cough and overall poor quality of life. (kinevant.com)
  • The study will assess the efficacy and safety of namilumab in approximately 100 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis across a 26- week treatment period. (kinevant.com)
  • Many patients with sarcoidosis experience poor quality of life, leading to death in some cases. (kinevant.com)
  • A tremendous research effort has been made to find a reliable biomarker that would be useful to predict long-term prognosis in sarcoidosis patients. (palomid529.com)
  • TGF-1 concentration was increased in BAL fluid of sarcoidosis patients, but only in those with impaired lung function [11]. (palomid529.com)
  • Statistics indicate that 18% to 66% of patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis experience depression, and approximately a third (31% to 33%) struggle with anxiety. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • The study involved a total of 112 adult patients (median age of 57 years) who had been diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis, and were receiving treatment at the Johns Hopkins Sarcoidosis Clinic . (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • The post Depression and Anxiety May Worsen Quality of Life, Lung Function of Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Study Says appeared first on Sarcoidosis News . (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • [ 48 ] Whole-body FDG-PET scanning is of value in identifying occult and reversible granulomas in patients with sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • A restrictive pattern is seen in patients with more advanced pulmonary disease. (medscape.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Extrathoracic disease was more prevalent in WTC-related sarcoidosis than reported for patients with sarcoidosis without WTC exposure or for other exposure-related granulomatous diseases (beryllium disease and hypersensitivity pneumonitis). (cdc.gov)
  • In 10-15% of the patients, sarcoidosis can become chronic. (medscape.com)
  • Eventually, most trials were based on short-term endpoints, while the clinician would need information concerning responses and tolerance in the long term especially since many sarcoidosis patients are young. (medscape.com)
  • Corticosteroids remain the cornerstone for the treatment of sarcoidosis particularly at induction with a rapid response in most patients and the potential occurrence of adverse events. (medscape.com)
  • Sarcoidosis, thoracic. (medscape.com)
  • Because the disease so often involves thoracic structures, chest radiography plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • Atipical Radiological manifestation of thoracic sarcoidosis: A rewiev and pictorial essay. (jms.mk)
  • Sarcoidosis presents radiologically in the vast majority with thoracic lymphadenopathy, potentially accompagnied by lung parenchymal alterations such as pulmonary reticulo-nodular changes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A chest radiograph or other imaging and pulmonary function tests [American Thoracic Society 2004]. (cdc.gov)
  • What is the difference between COPD and pulmonary embolism? (vivu.tv)
  • Is pulmonary embolism a COPD? (vivu.tv)
  • The following lung diseases are categorized as being obstructive: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Chronic bronchitis. (vivu.tv)
  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause [ 1 , 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder highly related with immune response. (oncotarget.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology and characteristically involves various organs, with lung involvement being predominant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) provides a human disorder in which to study the delayed type IV hypersensitivity response to persistent Ag that leads to noncaseating pulmonary granuloma formation. (cdc.gov)
  • 1.5 years ago, 20 days later she noticed a vis- regarded as a pulmonary disorder. (who.int)
  • Sarcoidosis presents with typical clinic-radiological findings and shows histologically non-caseating granulomas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based upon the association of typical clinico -radiological findings and histological demonstration of non-caseating granulomas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on the histological findings, sarcoidosis was suspected (Fig. 2a, b ) with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HSP) being the main differential diagnosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • identify pulmonary function test findings associated with beryllium-related diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Bilateral lung involvement and symmetry intrathoracic lymphadenopathy were more common in sarcoidosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (P (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, the longest diameter of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (in cm) was significantly larger in sarcoidosis intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (P = 0.001). (bvsalud.org)
  • In this paper, a modified Delphi method was used to develop an expert consensus on the use of repository corticotrophin injection therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis, including dosing, concomitant medications, contraindications and adverse event management. (ersjournals.com)
  • Cochrane Abstracts , Evidence Central , evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/Cochrane/434284/all/Immunosuppressive_and_cytotoxic_therapy_for_pulmonary_sarcoidosis. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • A subsequent lung biopsy of the right upper lobe demonstrated the presence of noncaseating granulomata consistent with a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. (jcadonline.com)
  • Three months of treatment with the common, generic antibiotic azithromycin safely reduced the number of coughs and cough severity, and improved the quality of life in adults with pulmonary sarcoidosis , a small, exploratory study concluded. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Chronic cough is a common symptom for people with sarcoidosis affecting the lungs. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • The study included 21 people (nine men and 12 women) with a median age of 57 years diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis and who had self-reported chronic cough attributed to sarcoidosis. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Quality of life (QoL) assessments relating to cough and sarcoidosis also were evaluated using the Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ). (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • 2003). Early stage CBD may present similar to asthma with cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and with obstructive changes on pulmonary function testing. (cdc.gov)
  • Learn more about our doctors and care team who diagnose and treat pulmonary sarcoidosis. (templehealth.org)
  • For each participant, the World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Diseases organ assessment tool was used to categorize the sarcoidosis involvement of each organ system at time of diagnosis and at follow-up. (cdc.gov)
  • Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease that can affect any organ but most commonly involves the lungs. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The lungs and lymphatic system are most often affected, but sarcoidosis may affect any organ. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pulmonary function tests and a carbon monoxide diffusion capacity test of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) may be performed. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary function tests are a group of tests that measure breathing and how well the lungs are functioning. (ucsfhealth.org)
  • High blood pressure in your pulmonary arteries forces your heart to work harder to send oxygen-poor blood to your lungs. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Less blood can flow through your lungs, raising the pressure in your pulmonary arteries. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Although the optimal treatment for sarcoidosis remains unclear, corticosteroid therapy has been the mainstay of therapy for those with significantly symptomatic or progressive pulmonary disease or serious extrapulmonary disease [ 10 , 11 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Diagnosis usually is first suspected because of pulmonary involvement and is confirmed by chest x-ray, biopsy, and exclusion of other causes of granulomatous inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a sensitive test for identifying and quantifying the extent of pulmonary involvement. (medscape.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown cause characterized by the formation of granulomatous lesions in involved organs, usually with lung and lymphatic involvement. (medscape.com)
  • Conversely, pulmonary sarcoidosis responds to corticosteroids and, depending on the stage of disease, often has a significantly better prognosis than HPS-associated lung disease. (jcadonline.com)
  • Air traping in sarcoidosis on computed tomography:Correlation with lung function. (jms.mk)
  • Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, is used in the treatment of refractory sarcoidosis. (uniroma1.it)
  • TNF inhibitors are considered in severe refractory sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • The pathophysiology of chronic sarcoidosis is poorly understood, and is an important gap in our understanding of sarcoidosis. (jefferson.edu)
  • Our understanding of the pathophysiology of sarcoidosis is largely derived from studies in acute disease, wherein cell-mediated responses predominate. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Although the pathophysiology of fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis remains poorly understood, augmented transforming growth factor-β activity, macrophage phenotype switching, and a Th1 to Th2 transition may be important features (11-14). (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Burns AM, Green PJ, Pasternak S. Etanercept - induced cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomas resolving with adalimumab. (termedia.pl)
  • citation needed] List of cutaneous conditions Sarcoidosis Ohta H, Tazawa R, Nakamura A, et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • Standard posteroanterior chest radiograph in a 28-year-old man shows extensive bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement not associated with a pulmonary abnormality. (medscape.com)
  • Gaensler, E.A. and Carrington, C.B. (1977) Peripheral opacities in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: The photographic negative of pulmonary edema. (scirp.org)
  • Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing granulomas. (ersjournals.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is thought to be due to an exaggerated inflammatory response to an environmental antigen in a genetically susceptible person. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease with a predilection for the respiratory system. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Studies have suggested that azithromycin reduces the activity of a protein in inflammatory cells called mTOR, whose activation is thought to help the formation of granulomas - small clumps of inflammatory cells that build up in organs, causing sarcoidosis. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
  • Sarcoidosis is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease that affects approximately 200,000 people in the U.S. i and more than 1 million worldwide. (kinevant.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is believed to represent a genetically primed, abnormal immune response to an antigen exposure or inflammatory trigger, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a role in disease onset and phenotypic expression. (cdc.gov)
  • To date, there is no curative treatment for sarcoidosis, but only anti-inflammatory drugs limiting the pathologic impact of sarcoidosis in reducing enhanced immunity reactions, granulomatous formation, and their consequences. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, it was hypothesized that the Fas/FasL pathway and apoptosis may be associated with the course of granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology with variable presentation, prognosis, and progression (see the images below). (medscape.com)
  • Sarcoidosis most commonly affects people aged 20 to 40 years but occasionally affects children and older adults. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is not known whether Blau syndrome arises through the same mechanism as sarcoidosis diagnosed in adults. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Global burden of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis with asthma and its complication chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in adults. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1915, Kusnitski and Bittorf described chest radiographic abnormalities in a patient with sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary Sarcoidosis :Manifestation of High Resolution CT with Pathologic Correlation, Chest Imaging, 2010, 1567- 1569. (jms.mk)
  • Further studies are needed to determine the role of Fas, FasL and other regulatory factors in apoptosis in the granulomatous inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • Is sarcoidosis obstructive or restrictive? (vivu.tv)
  • Sarcoidosis almost always affects the respiratory system. (medscape.com)
  • Air trapping is a common feature in sarcoidosis that can be supported with imaging studies and correlates with evidence of small airways disease on pulmonary function testing. (medscape.com)
  • Namilumab is a human monoclonal antibody that targets granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), one of the key cytokines believed to be responsible for granuloma formation and persistence in sarcoidosis. (kinevant.com)
  • Ag that leads to noncaseating pulmonary granuloma formation. (cdc.gov)
  • 99mTc-anti-TNF-α antibody for the imaging of disease activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis / Vis, R. (uniroma1.it)
  • Blau syndrome is a sarcoidosis-like disease inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion that manifests in children. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although these alterations meet the definition for radiographic stage IV disease, for the purpose of this review we use the term fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis, as it is descriptive, applies also to CT imaging and histopathology, and avoids the implications of "staging. (livingwithsarcoidosis.org)
  • Heterogeneity of the sarcoidosis signature correlated significantly with disease activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In very rare cases, sarcoidosis can be associated with bilateral symmetrical apical giant bullous disease due to fibrotic and granulomatous changes resulting in a restriction of lung tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that frequently involves the lung. (vivu.tv)
  • Namilumab has an established safety and tolerability profile from more than 300 previous trial participants and a mechanism of action that we believe targets the underlying disease pathology of sarcoidosis. (kinevant.com)
  • Other genetic studies indicate the role of polymorphic variants 31282-04-9 of TGF-3 (with presumed modulating role on TGF-1 activity) in sarcoidosis-related fibrotic lung disease [13], and a protective role of TGF-2 SNP [14]. (palomid529.com)
  • The absence of granulomatous infection and a markedly elevated CD4:CD8 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage analysis suggested that the underlying process was sarcoidosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mortality of intrathoracic sarcoidosis in referral vs population-based settings: influence of stage, ethnicity and corticosteroid therapy. (jms.mk)
  • BACKGROUND: Although cell mediated immunity is primarily thought to mediate the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, the presence of immunoglobulins, immune complexes and complement suggests that processes of humoral immunity may contribute to immunopathology in sarcoid lesions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conclusions TGF-/Smad signalling pathway and VEGF-A participate in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. (palomid529.com)
  • Data on the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis are also 31282-04-9 inconclusive. (palomid529.com)
  • Association of histologically proven rheumatoid arthritis with pulmonary sarcoidosis. (termedia.pl)
  • In the NY/NJ consortium report on 8,384 non-FDNY workers/volunteers, 28% had abnormal pulmonary function test results 13 . (cdc.gov)