Spartium
'Candidatus Phytoplasma spartii', 'Candidatus Phytoplasma rhamni' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma allocasuarinae', respectively associated with spartium witches'-broom, buckthorn witches'-broom and allocasuarina yellows diseases. (1/3)
Spartium witches'-broom (SpaWB), buckthorn witches'-broom (BWB) and allocasuarina yellows (AlloY) are witches'-broom and yellows diseases of Spartium junceum (Spanish broom), Rhamnus catharticus (buckthorn) and Allocasuarina muelleriana (Slaty she-oak), respectively. These diseases are associated with distinct phytoplasmas. The SpaWB, BWB and AlloY phytoplasmas share <97.5 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity with each other and with other known phytoplasmas, including the closely related phytoplasmas of the apple proliferation group. Also, the SpaWB, BWB and AlloY phytoplasmas each have a different natural plant host. Based on their unique properties, it is proposed to designate the mentioned phytoplasmas as novel 'Candidatus' species under the names 'Candidatus Phytoplasma spartii', 'Candidatus Phytoplasma rhamni' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma allocasuarinae', respectively. (+info)The response of Spartium junceum roots to slope: anchorage and gene factors. (2/3)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Plant anchorage is governed by complex, finely regulated mechanisms that occur at a morphological, architectural and anatomical level. Spanish broom (Spartium junceum) is a woody plant frequently found on slopes--a condition that affects plant anchorage. This plant grows throughout the Mediterranean area where it plays an important role in preventing landslides. Spanish broom seedlings respond promptly to slope by altering stem and root morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms whereby the root system of Spanish broom seedlings adapts to ensure anchorage to the ground. METHODS: Seedlings were grown in tilted and untilted pots under controlled conditions. The root apparatus was removed at different times of growth and subjected to morphological, biomechanical and molecular analyses. KEY RESULTS: In slope-grown seedlings, changes in root system morphology, pulling strength and chemical lignin content, all features related to plant anchorage in the soil, were related to seedling age. cDNA-AFLP analysis revealed changes in the expression of several genes in root systems of slope-grown plants. BLAST analysis showed that some differentially expressed genes are homologues of genes induced by environmental stresses in other plant species, and/or are involved in the production of strengthening materials. CONCLUSION: Plants use various mechanisms/strategies to respond to slope depending on their developmental stage. (+info)Flower power: its association with bee power and floral functional morphology in papilionate legumes. (3/3)
(+info)I believe there might be some confusion in your question. "Spartium" is not a medical term, but a genus of flowering plants native to the Mediterranean region. The most common species is *Spartium junceum*, also known as Spanish broom or weaver's broom. It belongs to the family Fabaceae (legumes).
If you are referring to a specific medical term that resembles "Spartium" and I misunderstood your question, please provide more context or clarify your request so I can give an accurate answer.
"Rhamnus" is a genus of plants, and it does not have a medical definition. It belongs to the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae) and includes several species of shrubs and small trees that are found in various parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, and North America.
Some Rhamnus species have been used in traditional medicine for their laxative properties due to the presence of anthraquinones in their bark and leaves. However, it is important to note that the use of these plants as medicine should be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can cause adverse effects if not used properly.