A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.
Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.
A specific HLA-B surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-B*27 allele family.
The immovable joint formed by the lateral surfaces of the SACRUM and ILIUM.
The spinal or vertebral column.
Inflammation of the joints of the SPINE, the intervertebral articulations.
Drugs that are used to treat RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.
Heterogeneous group of arthritic diseases sharing clinical and radiologic features. They are associated with the HLA-B27 ANTIGEN and some with a triggering infection. Most involve the axial joints in the SPINE, particularly the SACROILIAC JOINT, but can also involve asymmetric peripheral joints. Subsets include ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS; and others.
Measurement of rate of settling of erythrocytes in anticoagulated blood.
Arthritis is a general term used to describe inflammation in the joints, often resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can be caused by various conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or lupus.
Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.
Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.
Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.
An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA; YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.
A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor.
Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.
Therapy by various hot or warm baths in natural mineral waters, spas, or "cures". It includes not only bathing in, but also drinking the waters, but it does not include whirlpool baths (HYDROTHERAPY).
Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.
VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.
Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.
A group of twelve VERTEBRAE connected to the ribs that support the upper trunk region.
Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.
The first seven VERTEBRAE of the SPINAL COLUMN, which correspond to the VERTEBRAE of the NECK.
The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.
Inflammation of the bone.
A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907)
Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.
A pathologic entity characterized by deossification of a weight-bearing long bone, followed by bending and pathologic fracture, with inability to form normal BONY CALLUS leading to existence of the "false joint" that gives the condition its name. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Cell surface receptors that bind TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORS and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells.
'Spinal diseases' is a broad term referring to various medical conditions that affect the structural integrity, function, or health of the spinal column, including degenerative disorders, infections, inflammatory processes, traumatic injuries, neoplasms, and congenital abnormalities.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Inflammation of the SACROILIAC JOINT. It is characterized by lower back pain, especially upon walking, fever, UVEITIS; PSORIASIS; and decreased range of motion. Many factors are associated with and cause sacroiliitis including infection; injury to spine, lower back, and pelvis; DEGENERATIVE ARTHRITIS; and pregnancy.
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms arrange singly, in pairs, or short chains. This genus is commonly found in the intestinal tract and is an opportunistic pathogen that can give rise to bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract and several other types of human infection.
Abscess of the PSOAS MUSCLES resulting usually from disease of the lumbar vertebrae, with the pus descending into the muscle sheath. The infection is most commonly tuberculous or staphylococcal.

Nuclear factor-kappa B activity in T cells from patients with rheumatic diseases: a preliminary report. (1/182)

OBJECTIVE: The NF-kappa B/Rel family of transcription factors regulates the expression of many genes involved in the immune or inflammatory response at the transcriptional level. The aim of this study was to determine whether distinctive patterns of NF-kappa B activation are seen in different forms of joint disease. METHODS: The DNA binding activity of these nucleoproteins was examined in purified synovial and peripheral T cells from patients with various chronic rheumatic diseases (12: four with rheumatoid arthritis; five with spondyloarthropathies; and three with osteoarthritis). RESULTS: Electrophoretic mobility shift assays disclosed two specific complexes bound to a NF-kappa B specific 32P-labelled oligonucleotide in nucleoproteins extracted from purified T cells isolated from synovial fluid and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The complexes consisted of p50/p50 homodimers and p50/p65 heterodimers. Increased NF-kappa B binding to DNA in synovial T cells was observed relative to peripheral T cells. In non-rheumatoid arthritis, binding of NF-kappa B in synovial T cells was exclusively mediated by p50/p50 homodimers. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results suggest that NF-kappa B may play a central part in the activation of infiltrating T cells in chronic rheumatoid arthritis. The activation of this nuclear factor is qualitatively different in rheumatoid synovial T cells to that in other forms of non-rheumatoid arthritis (for example, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthropathies).  (+info)

Fungal spinal osteomyelitis in the immunocompromised patient: MR findings in three cases. (2/182)

The MR imaging findings of fungal spinal osteomyelitis in three recipients of organ transplants showed hypointensity of the vertebral bodies on T1-weighted sequences in all cases. Signal changes and enhancement extended into the posterior elements in two cases. Multiple-level disease was present in two cases (with a total of five intervertebral disks involved in three cases). All cases lacked hyperintensity within the disks on T2-weighted images. In addition, the intranuclear cleft was preserved in four of five affected disks at initial MR imaging. MR features in Candida and Aspergillus spondylitis that are distinct from pyogenic osteomyelitis include absence of disk hyperintensity and preservation of the intranuclear cleft on T2-weighted images. Prompt recognition of these findings may avoid delay in establishing a diagnosis and instituting treatment of opportunistic osteomyelitis in the immunocompromised patient.  (+info)

Rheumatic disease and the Australian aborigine. (3/182)

OBJECTIVE: To document the frequency and disease phenotype of various rheumatic diseases in the Australian Aborigine. METHODS: A comprehensive review was performed of the archaeological, ethnohistorical, and contemporary literature relating to rheumatic diseases in these indigenous people. RESULTS: No evidence was found to suggest that rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), or gout occurred in Aborigines before or during the early stages of white settlement of Australia. Part of the explanation for the absence of these disorders in this indigenous group may relate to the scarcity of predisposing genetic elements, for example, shared rheumatoid epitope for RA, B27 antigen for AS. In contrast, osteoarthritis appeared to be common particularly involving the temporomandibular joint, right elbow and knees and, most probably, was related to excessive joint loading in their hunter gatherer lifestyle. Since white settlement, high frequency rates for rheumatic fever, systemic lupus erythematosus, and pyogenic arthritis have been observed and there are now scanty reports of the emergence of RA and gout in these original Australians. CONCLUSION: The occurrence and phenotype of various rheumatic disorders in Australian Aborigines is distinctive but with recent changes in diet, lifestyle, and continuing genetic admixture may be undergoing change. An examination of rheumatic diseases in Australian Aborigines and its changing phenotype may lead to a greater understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of these disorders.  (+info)

Studying patients with inflammatory back pain and arthritis of the lower limbs clinically and by magnetic resonance imaging: many, but not all patients with sacroiliitis have spondyloarthropathy. (4/182)

OBJECTIVE: Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 170 consecutive patients with inflammatory back pain (IBP) and/or oligoarthritis of the lower limbs were evaluated in a retrospective study. The aim was to determine the frequency of sacroiliitis and spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in this population, and to assess the significance of HLA B27 measurements for diagnosis in early disease. METHODS: Pelvic X-rays were performed in all IBP patients and dynamic MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients with IBP who had indefinite results on sacroiliac X-rays (n = 32). RESULTS: European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria for SpA were fulfilled by 106/170 patients (62.4%); eight additional patients had symptoms suggestive of SpA (4.7%). The most frequent SpA subset was undifferentiated SpA (uSpA), diagnosed in 46/106 patients (43.4%). Sacroiliitis was detected by MRI in 21/32 patients with IBP and unclear X-rays (65.6%). Of those, 14 were diagnosed as SpA and seven females with moderate unilateral sacroiliitis, but no features of SpA, also not on follow-up (at least 1 yr), were classified as undifferentiated sacroiliitis (US). Ten of the 14 SpA (71.4%) and none of the seven US patients were HLA B27 positive. CONCLUSION: HLA B27 positivity in IBP patients with MRI-proven sacroiliitis positively predicts SpA. uSpA is a frequent SpA subset. There are HLA B27-negative non-SpA patients with moderate unilateral sacroiliitis whom we propose to be classified as US.  (+info)

Increased Ed-B fibronectin plasma levels in spondyloarthropathies: comparison with rheumatoid arthritis patients and a healthy population. (5/182)

OBJECTIVE: To determine, for the first time, plasma levels of general fibronectin (Fn) and two spliced isoforms, Ed-A and Ed-B, in patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in comparison with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy volunteers (HV). METHODS: Plasmas (EDTA) as well as clinical data, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were collected in two groups of 10 patients fulfilling the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria for SpA or the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA. Plasmas of 21 blood donors served as controls. Plasma levels of Fns were determined by using an in-house immunocapture ELISA, using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against general Fn and its isoforms. RESULTS: Total Fn plasma levels were significantly higher in the SpA group (mean+/-S.D.=1387+/-569 mg/l) than in the RA group (684+/-196 mg/l; P=0.02) and in HV (303+/-211 mg/l; P<0.0001). Ed-A Fn levels appeared higher in SpA (23+/-10.4 mg/l) and RA (32.5+/-16.5 mg/l) groups than in the HV group (2.8+/-0.9 mg/l; P=0.0003 and P<0.0001, respectively), without a significant difference between SpA and RA groups. Ed-B Fn levels were higher in SpA (6.9+/-2.1 mg/l) than in RA (3.2+/-1.9 mg/l; P=0. 02) and HV (1.1+/-0.8 mg/l; P=0.0003) groups. No significant correlation was observed in SpA patients between each Fn level and clinical activity, ESR or CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed an increase in plasma levels of Fn and Ed-B Fn in SpA patients compared with RA patients and HV, which could not be attributed solely to systemic inflammation. It may be hypothesized that Ed-A and Ed-B Fn might reflect local turnover in inflamed tissues, and that Ed-B Fn might be particularly involved in the musculoskeletal inflammatory process of SpA.  (+info)

Brucellar spondylitis: review of 35 cases and literature survey. (6/182)

Thirty-five patients aged 14-74 years (average, 54 years) who had brucellar spondylitis were treated between January 1991 and December 1997. The time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis of spondylitis ranged from 1 week to 8 months (median, 9 weeks). Back or neck pain (100% of patients), fever (66%), and constitutional symptoms (57%) were the most common symptoms. Cultures of blood specimens from 26 patients (74%) were positive for Brucella melitensis. The duration of antimicrobial therapy (median, 120 days; range, 45-535 days) varied according to clinical response and the presence of epidural and paravertebral masses. One of the 35 patients underwent surgical treatment of a spinal epidural abscess. Therapy failed for 9 patients (26%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12%-43%), and 5 (14%; 95% CI, 5%-30%) had a relapse. There were no deaths or severe sequelae in this study. Brucellar spondylitis causes considerable suffering and absenteeism from work, but long-term clinical responses are favorable.  (+info)

Misfolding of HLA-B27 as a result of its B pocket suggests a novel mechanism for its role in susceptibility to spondyloarthropathies. (7/182)

The MHC class I protein HLA-B27 is strongly associated with susceptibility to spondyloarthropathies and can cause arthritis when expressed in rats and mice, implying a direct role in disease pathogenesis. A prominent hypothesis to explain this role suggests that the unique peptide binding specificity of HLA-B27 confers an ability to present arthritogenic peptides. The B pocket, a region of the peptide binding groove that is an important determinant of allele-specific peptide binding, is thought to be critical for arthritogenicity. However, this hypothesis remains unproven. We show that in addition to its role in peptide selection, the B pocket causes a portion of the pool of assembling HLA-B27 heavy chains in the endoplasmic reticulum to misfold, resulting in their degradation in the cytosol. The misfolding phenotype is corrected by replacing the HLA-B27 B pocket with one from HLA-A2. Our results suggest an alternative to the arthritogenic peptide hypothesis. Misfolding and its consequences, rather than allele-specific peptide presentation, may underlie the strong link between the HLA-B27 B pocket and susceptibility to spondyloarthropathies.  (+info)

Evolution of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis toward spondylarthropathy over the long term. (8/182)

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively assess, with a sufficiently long followup (mean 11.6 years; median 9 years), the long-term outcome of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis (CRMO), a multifocal, inflammatory bone disease. METHODS: Patients included were 8 children/adolescents and 7 adults with no family history of rheumatic disease who had been diagnosed as having CRMO between 1979 and 1995. Ten patients had undergone at least 1 bone biopsy of the lesions, with histologic examination and multiple cultures. In 1996, in addition to an in-depth interview, 12 patients underwent an extensive physical examination, laboratory evaluation, HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing, bone radiography and scintigraphy, and computed tomography scan of the sternoclavicular and sacroiliac joints. RESULTS: Remission was observed in 3 patients. The other 12 patients developed various associations of vertebral (n = 10), sacroiliac (n = 6), anterior thoracic (n = 7), peripheral articular (n = 2), enthesopathic (n = 4), or dermatologic (palmoplantar pustulosis in 3 cases and psoriasis in 2) involvements. Spine involvement was the most common and occurred the earliest (median time to appearance after the onset of osteitis 5.63 years). Clinical sacroiliitis was always unilateral. No patients carried the HLA-B27 haplotype. CRMO responded well to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Twelve patients met the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria for spondylarthopathy. CONCLUSION: After 10 years, CRMO had usually evolved to spondylarthropathy, but with certain features not usually seen in the latter: predominantly, unilateral sacroiliitis, no familial form, and no link with HLA-B27.  (+info)

Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine, although other joints can also be involved. It causes swelling in the spinal joints (vertebrae) that can lead to stiffness and pain. Over time, some of these joints may grow together, causing new bone formation and resulting in a rigid spine. This fusion of the spine is called ankylosis.

The condition typically begins in the sacroiliac joints, where the spine connects to the pelvis. From there, it can spread up the spine and potentially involve other areas of the body such as the eyes, heart, lungs, and gastrointestinal system.

Ankylosing spondylitis has a strong genetic link, with most people carrying the HLA-B27 gene. However, not everyone with this gene will develop the condition. It primarily affects males more often than females and tends to start in early adulthood.

Treatment usually involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, and exercise to help manage pain, maintain mobility, and prevent deformity. In severe cases, surgery may be considered.

Spondylitis is a term used to describe inflammation in the spinal vertebrae, often leading to stiffness and pain. The most common form is Ankylosing Spondylitis, which is a chronic autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the joints in the spine. This can cause the bones in the spine to grow together, resulting in a rigid and inflexible spine. Other forms of spondylitis include reactive spondylitis, infectious spondylitis, and seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Symptoms may also include pain and stiffness in the neck, lower back, hips, and small joints of the body.

HLA-B27 antigen is a type of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) found on the surface of white blood cells. HLAs are proteins that help the body's immune system distinguish its own cells from foreign substances such as viruses and bacteria.

HLA-B27 is a specific type of HLA-B antigen, which is part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. The presence of HLA-B27 antigen can be inherited from parents to their offspring.

While most people with the HLA-B27 antigen do not develop any health problems, this antigen is associated with an increased risk of developing certain inflammatory diseases, particularly spondyloarthritis, a group of disorders that affect the joints and spine. Examples of these conditions include ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and enteropathic arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease. However, not everyone with HLA-B27 will develop these diseases, and many people without the antigen can still develop spondyloarthritis.

The sacroiliac (SI) joint is the joint that connects the iliac bone (part of the pelvis) and the sacrum (the triangular bone at the base of the spine). There are two sacroiliac joints, one on each side of the spine. The primary function of these joints is to absorb shock between the upper body and lower body and distribute the weight of the upper body to the lower body. They also provide a small amount of movement to allow for flexibility when walking or running. The SI joints are supported and stabilized by strong ligaments, muscles, and bones.

The spine, also known as the vertebral column, is a complex structure in the human body that is part of the axial skeleton. It is composed of 33 individual vertebrae (except in some people where there are fewer due to fusion of certain vertebrae), intervertebral discs, facet joints, ligaments, muscles, and nerves.

The spine has several important functions:

1. Protection: The spine protects the spinal cord, which is a major component of the nervous system, by enclosing it within a bony canal.
2. Support: The spine supports the head and upper body, allowing us to maintain an upright posture and facilitating movement of the trunk and head.
3. Movement: The spine enables various movements such as flexion (bending forward), extension (bending backward), lateral flexion (bending sideways), and rotation (twisting).
4. Weight-bearing: The spine helps distribute weight and pressure evenly across the body, reducing stress on individual vertebrae and other structures.
5. Blood vessel and nerve protection: The spine protects vital blood vessels and nerves that pass through it, including the aorta, vena cava, and spinal nerves.

The spine is divided into five regions: cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae), lumbar (5 vertebrae), sacrum (5 fused vertebrae), and coccyx (4 fused vertebrae, also known as the tailbone). Each region has unique characteristics that allow for specific functions and adaptations to the body's needs.

Spondylarthritis is a term used to describe a group of interrelated inflammatory diseases that primarily affect the spine and sacroiliac joints (where the spine connects to the pelvis), but can also involve other joints, ligaments, tendons, and entheses (sites where tendons or ligaments attach to bones). These conditions share common genetic, clinical, and imaging features.

The most common forms of spondylarthritis include:

1. Ankylosing spondylitis - a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, causing pain and stiffness. In some cases, it can lead to fusion of the spine's vertebrae.
2. Psoriatic arthritis - a form of arthritis that occurs in people with psoriasis, an autoimmune skin condition. It can cause inflammation in the joints, tendons, and entheses.
3. Reactive arthritis - a type of arthritis that develops as a reaction to an infection in another part of the body, often the urinary or gastrointestinal tract.
4. Enteropathic arthritis - a form of arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
5. Undifferentiated spondylarthritis - when a patient presents with features of spondylarthritis but does not meet the criteria for any specific subtype.

Common symptoms of spondylarthritis include:

- Back pain and stiffness, often worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity
- Peripheral joint pain and swelling
- Enthesitis (inflammation at tendon or ligament insertion points)
- Dactylitis (swelling of an entire finger or toe)
- Fatigue
- Uveitis (inflammation of the eye)
- Skin rashes, such as psoriasis
- Inflammatory bowel disease symptoms

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment often includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic agents, and lifestyle modifications to manage symptoms and prevent joint damage.

Antirheumatic agents are a class of drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory types of arthritis, and related conditions. These medications work by reducing inflammation in the body, relieving symptoms such as pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. They can also help slow down or prevent joint damage and disability caused by the disease.

There are several types of antirheumatic agents, including:

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): These medications, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, reduce inflammation and relieve pain. They are often used to treat mild to moderate symptoms of arthritis.
2. Corticosteroids: These powerful anti-inflammatory drugs, such as prednisone and cortisone, can quickly reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. They are usually used for short-term relief of severe symptoms or in combination with other antirheumatic agents.
3. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): These medications, such as methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine, work by slowing down the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and preventing joint damage. They can take several weeks or months to become fully effective.
4. Biologic response modifiers (biologics): These are a newer class of DMARDs that target specific molecules involved in the immune response. They include drugs such as adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab. Biologics are usually used in combination with other antirheumatic agents for patients who have not responded to traditional DMARD therapy.
5. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors: These medications, such as tofacitinib and baricitinib, work by blocking the action of enzymes called JAKs that are involved in the immune response. They are used to treat moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis and can be used in combination with other antirheumatic agents.

It is important to note that antirheumatic agents can have significant side effects and should only be prescribed by a healthcare provider who is experienced in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Spondylarthropathies is a term used to describe a group of interrelated inflammatory diseases that primarily affect the joints of the spine (vertebral column) and the sites where the ligaments and tendons attach to the bones (entheses). These conditions also often have associations with extra-articular features, such as skin, eye, and intestinal manifestations. The most common spondylarthropathies are ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (formerly known as Reiter's syndrome), enteropathic arthritis (associated with inflammatory bowel disease), and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathies.

The primary hallmark of these conditions is enthesitis, which is an inflammation at the sites where ligaments or tendons attach to bones. This can lead to pain, stiffness, and limited mobility in the affected areas, particularly in the spine and sacroiliac joints (the joints that connect the base of the spine to the pelvis).

Spondylarthropathies have a strong genetic association with the human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) gene. However, not all individuals with this gene will develop spondylarthropathies, and many people without the gene can still be affected by these conditions.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of spondylarthropathies are essential to help manage symptoms, prevent joint damage, and maintain mobility and quality of life. Treatment options typically include a combination of medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications.

Blood sedimentation, also known as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), is a medical test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle at the bottom of a tube of unclotted blood over a specific period of time. The test is used to detect and monitor inflammation in the body.

During an acute inflammatory response, certain proteins in the blood, such as fibrinogen, increase in concentration. These proteins cause red blood cells to stick together and form rouleaux (stacks of disc-shaped cells). As a result, the red blood cells settle more quickly, leading to a higher ESR.

The ESR test is a non-specific test, meaning that it does not identify the specific cause of inflammation. However, it can be used as an indicator of underlying conditions such as infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The test is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for these conditions.

The ESR test is usually performed by drawing a sample of blood into a special tube and allowing it to sit undisturbed for one hour. The distance that the red blood cells have settled is then measured and recorded as the ESR. Normal values for ESR vary depending on age and gender, with higher values indicating greater inflammation.

Arthritis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation in one or more joints, leading to symptoms such as pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. There are many different types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, and lupus, among others.

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and is caused by wear and tear on the joints over time. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the joint lining, causing inflammation and damage.

Arthritis can affect people of all ages, including children, although it is more common in older adults. Treatment for arthritis may include medications to manage pain and reduce inflammation, physical therapy, exercise, and in some cases, surgery.

Iritis is a medical condition that refers to the inflammation of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. The iris controls the size of the pupil and thus regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. Iritis can cause symptoms such as eye pain, redness, photophobia (sensitivity to light), blurred vision, and headaches. It is often treated with anti-inflammatory medications and may require prompt medical attention to prevent complications such as glaucoma or vision loss. The underlying cause of iritis can vary and may include infections, autoimmune diseases, trauma, or other conditions.

A Severity of Illness Index is a measurement tool used in healthcare to assess the severity of a patient's condition and the risk of mortality or other adverse outcomes. These indices typically take into account various physiological and clinical variables, such as vital signs, laboratory values, and co-morbidities, to generate a score that reflects the patient's overall illness severity.

Examples of Severity of Illness Indices include the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) system, the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS), and the Mortality Probability Model (MPM). These indices are often used in critical care settings to guide clinical decision-making, inform prognosis, and compare outcomes across different patient populations.

It is important to note that while these indices can provide valuable information about a patient's condition, they should not be used as the sole basis for clinical decision-making. Rather, they should be considered in conjunction with other factors, such as the patient's overall clinical presentation, treatment preferences, and goals of care.

Tuberculosis (TB) of the spine, also known as Pott's disease, is a specific form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that involves the vertebral column. It is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium, which primarily affects the lungs but can spread through the bloodstream to other parts of the body, including the spine.

In Pott's disease, the infection leads to the destruction of the spongy bone (vertebral body) and the intervertebral disc space, resulting in vertebral collapse, kyphosis (hunchback deformity), and potential neurological complications due to spinal cord compression. Common symptoms include back pain, stiffness, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Early diagnosis and treatment with a multidrug antibiotic regimen are crucial to prevent long-term disability and further spread of the infection.

Reactive arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that occurs in response to an infection in another part of the body, such as the genitals, urinary tract, or gastrointestinal tract. It is also known as Reiter's syndrome. The symptoms of reactive arthritis include joint pain and swelling, typically affecting the knees, ankles, and feet; inflammation of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes; and urethritis or cervicitis. It is more common in men than women and usually develops within 1-4 weeks after a bacterial infection. The diagnosis is made based on the symptoms, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Treatment typically includes antibiotics to eliminate the underlying infection and medications to manage the symptoms of arthritis.

Psoriatic arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that occurs in some people with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by scaly, red, and itchy patches. The Arthritis Foundation defines psoriatic arthritis as "a chronic disease characterized by swelling, pain, and stiffness in and around the joints. It usually affects the fingers and toes but can also affect the lower back, knees, ankles, and spine."

Psoriatic arthritis can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

* Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness
* Swollen fingers or toes (dactylitis)
* Tenderness, pain, and swelling where tendons and ligaments attach to bones (enthesitis)
* Changes in nail growth, such as pitting, ridging, or separation from the nail bed
* Fatigue and weakness
* Reduced range of motion and mobility

The exact cause of psoriatic arthritis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medications, lifestyle changes, and physical therapy to manage symptoms and prevent joint damage.

Rheumatic diseases are a group of disorders that cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or bones. They include conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), gout, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and many others. These diseases can also affect other body systems including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, kidneys, and nervous system. Rheumatic diseases are often chronic and may be progressive, meaning they can worsen over time. They can cause significant pain, disability, and reduced quality of life if not properly diagnosed and managed. The exact causes of rheumatic diseases are not fully understood, but genetics, environmental factors, and immune system dysfunction are believed to play a role in their development.

Balneology is a branch of medicine that deals with the therapeutic use of bathing, particularly in natural mineral waters or medicinal mud. It involves the study and application of various methods of hydrotherapy, including the use of hot springs, mineral baths, and other types of water-based treatments to promote health, prevent illness, and alleviate symptoms of certain medical conditions.

Balneotherapy is a common form of treatment used in balneology, which involves immersing the body in warm or hot mineral waters, often with the addition of therapeutic agents such as mud or essential oils. The minerals present in these waters can have various beneficial effects on the body, including improving circulation, reducing inflammation, and promoting relaxation.

Balneology is often used to treat a variety of conditions, including arthritis, rheumatism, skin disorders, respiratory ailments, and stress-related disorders. It can also be used as a form of preventative medicine, helping to boost the immune system and improve overall health and wellbeing.

Anterior uveitis is a medical term that refers to the inflammation of the front portion of the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye. The uvea includes the iris (the colored part of the eye), the ciliary body (a structure behind the iris that helps focus light onto the retina), and the choroid (a layer of blood vessels that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina).

Anterior uveitis is characterized by inflammation of the iris and/or the ciliary body, leading to symptoms such as redness, pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and a small pupil. The condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, trauma, or unknown causes (idiopathic).

Treatment of anterior uveitis typically involves the use of topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and cycloplegics to relieve pain and prevent spasms of the ciliary muscle. In some cases, oral medications may be necessary to control the inflammation. Prompt treatment is important to prevent complications such as glaucoma, cataracts, or permanent vision loss.

The lumbar vertebrae are the five largest and strongest vertebrae in the human spine, located in the lower back region. They are responsible for bearing most of the body's weight and providing stability during movement. The lumbar vertebrae have a characteristic shape, with a large body in the front, which serves as the main weight-bearing structure, and a bony ring in the back, formed by the pedicles, laminae, and processes. This ring encloses and protects the spinal cord and nerves. The lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5, starting from the uppermost one. They allow for flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation movements of the trunk.

Kyphosis is a medical term used to describe an excessive curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane, leading to a rounded or humped back appearance. This condition often affects the thoracic region of the spine and can result from various factors such as age-related degenerative changes, congenital disorders, Scheuermann's disease, osteoporosis, or traumatic injuries. Mild kyphosis may not cause any significant symptoms; however, severe cases can lead to pain, respiratory difficulties, and decreased quality of life. Treatment options typically include physical therapy, bracing, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. It is characterized by persistent inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and subsequent damage to the articular cartilage and bone. The immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, specifically targeting the synovial membrane lining the joint capsule. This results in swelling, pain, warmth, and stiffness in affected joints, often most severely in the hands and feet.

RA can also have extra-articular manifestations, affecting other organs such as the lungs, heart, skin, eyes, and blood vessels. The exact cause of RA remains unknown, but it is believed to involve a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing rheumatoid arthritis to prevent joint damage, disability, and systemic complications.

The thoracic vertebrae are the 12 vertebrae in the thoracic region of the spine, which is the portion between the cervical and lumbar regions. These vertebrae are numbered T1 to T12, with T1 being closest to the skull and T12 connecting to the lumbar region.

The main function of the thoracic vertebrae is to provide stability and support for the chest region, including protection for the vital organs within, such as the heart and lungs. Each thoracic vertebra has costal facets on its sides, which articulate with the heads of the ribs, forming the costovertebral joints. This connection between the spine and the ribcage allows for a range of movements while maintaining stability.

The thoracic vertebrae have a unique structure compared to other regions of the spine. They are characterized by having long, narrow bodies, small bony processes, and prominent spinous processes that point downwards. This particular shape and orientation of the thoracic vertebrae contribute to their role in limiting excessive spinal movement and providing overall trunk stability.

HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) antigens are a group of proteins found on the surface of cells in our body. They play a crucial role in the immune system's ability to differentiate between "self" and "non-self." HLA antigens are encoded by a group of genes located on chromosome 6, known as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).

There are three types of HLA antigens: HLA class I, HLA class II, and HLA class III. HLA class I antigens are found on the surface of almost all cells in the body and help the immune system recognize and destroy virus-infected or cancerous cells. They consist of three components: HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C.

HLA class II antigens are primarily found on the surface of immune cells, such as macrophages, B cells, and dendritic cells. They assist in the presentation of foreign particles (like bacteria and viruses) to CD4+ T cells, which then activate other parts of the immune system. HLA class II antigens include HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DR.

HLA class III antigens consist of various molecules involved in immune responses, such as cytokines and complement components. They are not directly related to antigen presentation.

The genetic diversity of HLA antigens is extensive, with thousands of variations or alleles. This diversity allows for a better ability to recognize and respond to a wide range of pathogens. However, this variation can also lead to compatibility issues in organ transplantation, as the recipient's immune system may recognize the donor's HLA antigens as foreign and attack the transplanted organ.

The cervical vertebrae are the seven vertebrae that make up the upper part of the spine, also known as the neck region. They are labeled C1 to C7, with C1 being closest to the skull and C7 connecting to the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region. The cervical vertebrae have unique structures to allow for a wide range of motion in the neck while also protecting the spinal cord and providing attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody, which is a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances like bacteria or viruses. IgG is the most abundant type of antibody in human blood, making up about 75-80% of all antibodies. It is found in all body fluids and plays a crucial role in fighting infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and toxins.

IgG has several important functions:

1. Neutralization: IgG can bind to the surface of bacteria or viruses, preventing them from attaching to and infecting human cells.
2. Opsonization: IgG coats the surface of pathogens, making them more recognizable and easier for immune cells like neutrophils and macrophages to phagocytose (engulf and destroy) them.
3. Complement activation: IgG can activate the complement system, a group of proteins that work together to help eliminate pathogens from the body. Activation of the complement system leads to the formation of the membrane attack complex, which creates holes in the cell membranes of bacteria, leading to their lysis (destruction).
4. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC): IgG can bind to immune cells like natural killer (NK) cells and trigger them to release substances that cause target cells (such as virus-infected or cancerous cells) to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death).
5. Immune complex formation: IgG can form immune complexes with antigens, which can then be removed from the body through various mechanisms, such as phagocytosis by immune cells or excretion in urine.

IgG is a critical component of adaptive immunity and provides long-lasting protection against reinfection with many pathogens. It has four subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4) that differ in their structure, function, and distribution in the body.

Osteitis is a medical term that refers to the inflammation of bone tissue. It can occur as a result of various conditions, such as infection (osteomyelitis), trauma, or autoimmune disorders. The symptoms of osteitis may include pain, swelling, warmth, and redness in the affected area, as well as fever and general malaise. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the inflammation, which may involve antibiotics for infection or anti-inflammatory medications for other causes. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected or damaged bone tissue.

Sulfasalazine is defined as a medication that is commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It is also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Sulfasalazine has an anti-inflammatory effect, which helps to reduce inflammation in the gut or joints.

The medication contains two components: sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). The sulfapyridine component is an antibiotic that may help to reduce the number of harmful bacteria in the gut, while the 5-ASA component is responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect.

Sulfasalazine works by being broken down into its two components after it is ingested. The 5-ASA component then acts directly on the lining of the gut to reduce inflammation, while the sulfapyridine component is absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted in the urine.

Common side effects of sulfasalazine include nausea, vomiting, heartburn, headache, and loss of appetite. Less common but more serious side effects may include allergic reactions, liver or kidney problems, and blood disorders. It is important to take sulfasalazine exactly as directed by a healthcare provider and to report any concerning symptoms promptly.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) are a class of medications that reduce pain, inflammation, and fever. They work by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in the production of prostaglandins, chemicals that contribute to inflammation and cause blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable, leading to symptoms such as pain, redness, warmth, and swelling.

NSAIDs are commonly used to treat a variety of conditions, including arthritis, muscle strains and sprains, menstrual cramps, headaches, and fever. Some examples of NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and celecoxib.

While NSAIDs are generally safe and effective when used as directed, they can have side effects, particularly when taken in large doses or for long periods of time. Common side effects include stomach ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, and increased risk of heart attack and stroke. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare provider if you have any concerns about using NSAIDs.

Back pain is a common symptom characterized by discomfort or soreness in the back, often occurring in the lower region of the back (lumbago). It can range from a mild ache to a sharp stabbing or shooting pain, and it may be accompanied by stiffness, restricted mobility, and difficulty performing daily activities. Back pain is typically caused by strain or sprain to the muscles, ligaments, or spinal joints, but it can also result from degenerative conditions, disc herniation, spinal stenosis, osteoarthritis, or other medical issues affecting the spine. The severity and duration of back pain can vary widely, with some cases resolving on their own within a few days or weeks, while others may require medical treatment and rehabilitation.

Pseudarthrosis is a medical term that refers to a false joint or a nonunion of bones, meaning that the broken bone ends do not heal properly and continue to move at the fracture site. This condition can cause pain, instability, and deformity in the affected limb. It may require additional treatment such as surgery to promote bone healing and stabilization.

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptors are cell surface receptors that bind to tumor necrosis factor cytokines. They play crucial roles in the regulation of a variety of immune cell functions, including inflammation, immunity, and cell survival or death (apoptosis).

There are two major types of TNF receptors: TNFR1 (also known as p55 or CD120a) and TNFR2 (also known as p75 or CD120b). TNFR1 is widely expressed in most tissues, while TNFR2 has a more restricted expression pattern and is mainly found on immune cells.

TNF receptors have an intracellular domain called the death domain, which can trigger signaling pathways leading to apoptosis when activated by TNF ligands. However, they can also activate other signaling pathways that promote cell survival, differentiation, and inflammation. Dysregulation of TNF receptor signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.

Spinal diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the spinal column, which is made up of vertebrae (bones), intervertebral discs, facet joints, nerves, ligaments, and muscles. These diseases can cause pain, discomfort, stiffness, numbness, weakness, or even paralysis, depending on the severity and location of the condition. Here are some examples of spinal diseases:

1. Degenerative disc disease: This is a condition where the intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and height, leading to stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility.
2. Herniated disc: This occurs when the inner material of the intervertebral disc bulges or herniates out through a tear in the outer layer, causing pressure on the spinal nerves and resulting in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area.
3. Spinal stenosis: This is a narrowing of the spinal canal or the neural foramen (the openings where the spinal nerves exit the spinal column), which can cause pressure on the spinal cord or nerves and result in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness.
4. Scoliosis: This is a curvature of the spine that can occur in children or adults, leading to an abnormal posture, back pain, and decreased lung function.
5. Osteoarthritis: This is a degenerative joint disease that affects the facet joints in the spine, causing pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.
6. Ankylosing spondylitis: This is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and fusion of the vertebrae.
7. Spinal tumors: These are abnormal growths that can occur in the spinal column, which can be benign or malignant, causing pain, neurological symptoms, or even paralysis.
8. Infections: Bacterial or viral infections can affect the spine, leading to pain, fever, and other systemic symptoms.
9. Trauma: Fractures, dislocations, or sprains of the spine can occur due to accidents, falls, or sports injuries, causing pain, neurological deficits, or even paralysis.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

Sacroiliitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of one or both of the sacroiliac joints, which connect the spine's sacrum to the hip bones (ilium). This inflammation can cause pain in the lower back, hips, and legs, and may be accompanied by stiffness and difficulty walking. Sacroiliitis can be caused by various factors, including mechanical stress, trauma, infectious diseases, or underlying inflammatory conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis. The diagnosis of sacroiliitis typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, imaging studies, and laboratory tests to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

Monoclonal antibodies are a type of antibody that are identical because they are produced by a single clone of cells. They are laboratory-produced molecules that act like human antibodies in the immune system. They can be designed to attach to specific proteins found on the surface of cancer cells, making them useful for targeting and treating cancer. Monoclonal antibodies can also be used as a therapy for other diseases, such as autoimmune disorders and inflammatory conditions.

Monoclonal antibodies are produced by fusing a single type of immune cell, called a B cell, with a tumor cell to create a hybrid cell, or hybridoma. This hybrid cell is then able to replicate indefinitely, producing a large number of identical copies of the original antibody. These antibodies can be further modified and engineered to enhance their ability to bind to specific targets, increase their stability, and improve their effectiveness as therapeutic agents.

Monoclonal antibodies have several mechanisms of action in cancer therapy. They can directly kill cancer cells by binding to them and triggering an immune response. They can also block the signals that promote cancer growth and survival. Additionally, monoclonal antibodies can be used to deliver drugs or radiation directly to cancer cells, increasing the effectiveness of these treatments while minimizing their side effects on healthy tissues.

Monoclonal antibodies have become an important tool in modern medicine, with several approved for use in cancer therapy and other diseases. They are continuing to be studied and developed as a promising approach to treating a wide range of medical conditions.

Klebsiella is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, encapsulated, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria that are part of the family Enterobacteriaceae. They are commonly found in the normal microbiota of the mouth, skin, and intestines, but can also cause various types of infections, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common species and can cause pneumonia, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and wound infections. Other Klebsiella species, such as K. oxytoca, can also cause similar types of infections. These bacteria are resistant to many antibiotics, making them difficult to treat and a significant public health concern.

A psoas abscess is a localized collection of pus (infectious material) in the iliopsoas muscle compartment, which consists of the psoas major and iliacus muscles. These muscles are located in the lower back and pelvis, responsible for flexing the hip joint.

Psoas abscesses can be classified as primary or secondary:

1. Primary psoas abscess: This type is caused by hematogenous spread (dissemination through the blood) of a bacterial infection from a distant site, often involving the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, or skin. It is less common and typically seen in individuals with compromised immune systems.
2. Secondary psoas abscess: This type is caused by direct extension of an infection from a nearby anatomical structure, such as the spine, vertebral column, or retroperitoneal space (the area behind the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity). Common causes include spinal osteomyelitis (spinal bone infection), discitis (infection of the intervertebral disc), or a perforated viscus (a hole in an organ like the bowel).

Symptoms of a psoas abscess may include lower back pain, hip pain, fever, chills, and difficulty walking. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs, which can confirm the presence and extent of the abscess. Treatment usually consists of antibiotic therapy and drainage of the abscess, often through a percutaneous (through the skin) approach guided by imaging. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary for adequate drainage and management.

... is an inflammation of the vertebrae. It is a form of spondylopathy. In many cases, spondylitis involves one or more ... Ankylosing spondylitis (pronounced ank-kih-low-sing spon-dill-eye-tiss), or AS, is a form of arthritis that primarily affects ... A combination of spondylitis and inflammation of the intervertebral disc space is termed a spondylodiscitis. McVeigh, Claire M ... Cairns, Andrew P (2006-09-14). "Diagnosis and management of ankylosing spondylitis". BMJ. 333 (7568): 581-585. doi:10.1136/bmj. ...
Lateral X-ray of the mid back in ankylosing spondylitis Lateral X-ray of the neck in ankylosing spondylitis X-ray showing ... Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis characterized by long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine, ... Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic rheumatic disease, meaning it affects the entire body. 1-2% of individuals with the ... Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (JAS) is a rare form of the disease which differs from the more common adult form. ...
The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure which assesses the ... "Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (ASQoL)". MAPI Research Trust. September 2009. Archived from the original ... National Ankylosing Spondylitis Society (NASS). Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2013. ... The content for the measure was drawn from qualitative interviews that were conducted with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients ...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis in which there is long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine. ... Highly likely the diagnosis of youth's ankylosing spondylitis"(Introduction) Many experts affirms that he had Pott's disease, ... Jayson MI (March 2003). "Leonard Trask: the wonderful invalid: the first American description of ankylosing spondylitis". ... Trnavský, K.; Sabová, L. (September 1992). "Karel Čapek--Czech Writer, Sufferer from Ankylosing Spondylitis". Clinical ...
"Ankylosing spondylitis". United States National Library of Medicine. Retrieved December 11, 2009. "Albinism". MedicinePlus ... Ankylosing spondylitis Albinism Ariboflavinosis Benzodiazepines Chemotherapy Chikungunya Cystinosis Drug withdrawal Ehlers- ...
"Ankylosing Spondylitis". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved 22 August 2021. Prakken B, Albani S, Martini A (June ... in rural South Africa Ankylosing spondylitis: 0.1% in South Africa (rural setting) Psoriatic arthritis: 4.4% in South Africa ( ... Hemarthrosis Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Gout and pseudo-gout Septic arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Juvenile ...
Ankylosing spondylitis. The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life questionnaire (ASQoL) was developed Galen Research and ... January 2003). "Development of the ASQoL: a quality of life instrument specific to ankylosing spondylitis". Annals of the ... "Health-related quality of life outcomes in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis treated with adalimumab: results from a ... and health-related quality-of-life outcomes after 3 years of adalimumab treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis". ...
"Ankylosing Spondylitis". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved 26 August 2021. Whitford GM (1994). "Intake and ... Osteogenesis imperfecta Osteochondritis dissecans Ankylosing spondylitis Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by an ...
"Ankylosing Spondylitis". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved 22 August 2021. "Reactive Arthritis". The Lecturio ... Knee rheumatoid arthritis Osteochondritis dissecans disease Synovial chondromatosis disease Tumors Ankylosing spondylitis ...
"Ankylosing Spondylitis". J R Coll Physicians Lond. 11 (1): 107-120. PMC 5368763. PMID 978592. Whitfield, A. G. W. (October 1984 ... Lumleian Lecturer on Ankylosing spondylitis 1978 - Fellow of the Faculty of Community Medicine 1983 - Croonian Sermonizer 1986 ... "Haematology and Biochemistry of Ankylosing Spondylitis". British Medical Journal. 2 (5860): 235-237. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5860.235 ...
Baird, J. P. (1958). "Ankylosing spondylitis". M.D. hdl:1842/26194. "No. 42855". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 December ...
"Ankylosing spondylitis: an overview". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 61 (3): iii8-18. doi:10.1136/ard.61.suppl_3.iii8. PMC ...
Chen J, Veras MM, Liu C, Lin J (February 2013). Chen J (ed.). "Methotrexate for ankylosing spondylitis". The Cochrane Database ... Although methotrexate is used to treat both multiple sclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis, its efficacy in these diseases is ... Methotrexate is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis and multiple sclerosis. ...
She had ankylosing spondylitis; she left her desk at the museum empty, except for an X-ray of her crooked spine. In 1971, she ... People with ankylosing spondylitis, 20th-century German LGBT people, 21st-century German LGBT people). ...
Alan Ebringer (8 November 2012). Ankylosing spondylitis and Klebsiella. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 19. ISBN 978-1- ...
... synonymous to tuberculous spondylitis. Archiv der Europäischen Lexikographie:Geschichte der Medizin Johann Nepomuk Rust's ...
... is a radiologic sign seen in advanced cases of ankylosing spondylitis. The appearance of a dagger is seen in the X- ... "Ankylosing spondylitis - dagger sign". Radiology at St. Vincent's University Hospital. Retrieved 1 November 2021. (Radiologic ... Kumar, Rajiv Ranjan; Jha, Saket; Sharma, Aman (31 December 2019). "Dagger sign of ankylosing spondylitis". Oxford Medical Case ...
His condition remained unsolved upon his death, but he was subsequently diagnosed post mortem with ankylosing spondylitis (AS ... Trask, p. 4-5. "Life and sufferings of Leonard Trask" (PDF). Ankylosing Spondylitis Information Matrix. Trask, p. 46-47. Trask ... 1805 births, People from Hartford, Maine, American people with disabilities, 1861 deaths, People with ankylosing spondylitis). ... the first American description of ankylosing spondylitis". Rheumatology. British Society for Rheumatology. 48 (3): 612-613. doi ...
He suffers from ankylosing spondylitis. Though his parents were not religious, Hood converted to Christianity at 19 and ... People with ankylosing spondylitis, Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of South Australia). ...
Like ankylosing spondylitis, many factors probably contribute to the development of reactive arthritis and other ... Although most patients with ankylosing spondylitis have the HLA-B27 variation, many people with this particular variation never ... Other genetic and environmental factors are likely to affect the chances of developing ankylosing spondylitis and influence its ... In addition to Ankylosing spondylitis, HLA-B27 is associated with other spondyloarthropathies, a group of related inflammatory ...
Ball, John (1 January 1983). "The Enthesopathy of Ankylosing Spondylitis". Rheumatology. XXII (suppl_2): 25-28. doi:10.1093/ ...
November 1991). "Ankylosing spondylitis antirheumatic drug trials. III. Setting the delta for clinical trials of antirheumatic ...
Perry suffers from ankylosing spondylitis. Before it was correctly diagnosed, he was considering giving up the sport: "I told ...
Case of Ankylosis spondylitis tend to develop between the ages of 30-45. It has a tendency to affect men more than women. It ... The direct cause of ankylosis spondylitis is unknown, but those who have the allele HLA-B27, have a greater chance in getting ... For example, for ankylosing spondylitis, the gene HLA allele B27 is an important factor in having this disease. This allele is ... On the other hand, those who suffer from Ankylosis spondylitis have not perished due to this condition, but due to secondary ...
Vladimir Bekhterev describes Ankylosing spondylitis. Wilhelm Wien formulates Wien's displacement law. January 2 - Webb C. Ball ...
Sieper, Joachim; Braun, Jürgen (2011). Ankylosing Spondylitis in Clinical Practice. London: Springer-Verlag. p. 9. ISBN 978-0- ... Klebsiella species have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies. The ...
In particular, 90% of people with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are HLA-B27 positive, though only a small fraction of people with ... In addition to its association with ankylosing spondylitis, HLA-B27 is implicated in other types of seronegative ... HLA-B27 is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis and other associated inflammatory diseases, such as psoriatic ... Thomas, Gethin P.; Brown, Matthew A. (January 2010). "Genetics and genomics of ankylosing spondylitis". Immunological Reviews. ...
... less severe forms of spondylitis, (2) the early phase of ankylosing spondylitis and (3) ankylosing spondylitis itself ... "Imagine Dragons Lead Singer, Dan Reynolds, and CBS's "The Doctors" Raising Ankylosing Spondylitis Awareness!". Spondylitis ... Since the disease ankylosing spondylitis was still defined by the Modified New York criteria of 1984, there was the need to ... More than 80% of patients with the ankylosing spondylitis variant test positive for the HLA-B27 biomarker, but not everyone ...
Describes ankylosing spondylitis in a skeleton. Zωοθανάσιον θαυμαστόν, seu Mirabilis Viventium Interitus in Charonea ...
Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis in which there is long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine. Other forms ... "Questions and Answers about Ankylosing Spondylitis". NIAMS. June 2016. Archived from the original on 28 September 2016. ...
Spondylitis is an inflammation of the vertebrae. It is a form of spondylopathy. In many cases, spondylitis involves one or more ... Ankylosing spondylitis (pronounced ank-kih-low-sing spon-dill-eye-tiss), or AS, is a form of arthritis that primarily affects ... A combination of spondylitis and inflammation of the intervertebral disc space is termed a spondylodiscitis. McVeigh, Claire M ... Cairns, Andrew P (2006-09-14). "Diagnosis and management of ankylosing spondylitis". BMJ. 333 (7568): 581-585. doi:10.1136/bmj. ...
Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis. It causes inflammation between vertebrae and in the joints between spine and ... Complementary Treatments for Ankylosing Spondylitis (Spondylitis Association of America) * NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti- ... Ankylosing Spondylitis (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases) * Overview of Ankylosing ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis of the spine. It causes inflammation between your vertebrae, which are the bones ...
WebMDs guide to the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis, a type of arthritis. ... Understanding Ankylosing Spondylitis -- Symptoms. Medically Reviewed by Tyler Wheeler, MD. on September 24, 2023 ... Call Your Doctor About Ankylosing Spondylitis If:. You develop symptoms such as persistent lower-back pain, especially if it is ... Not everyone develops all of the following symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis of the spine. What you experience ...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a kind of arthritis that usually starts in the lower back. Here, find out what to expect when ... Ankylosing spondylitis causes chronic joint pain, usually starting in the back and buttocks. Diagnosing ankylosing spondylitis ... Gene test for ankylosing spondylitis steps closer. A gene test for individuals predisposed to ankylosing spondylitis steps ... Ankylosing spondylitis. (2022).. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/ankylosing-spondylitis/. *. Ankylosing spondylitis ...
... there may be a connection between ankylosing spondylitis and asthma. Read on for what the current research reveals. ... More in A Closer Look at Ankylosing Spondylitis. *. All about ankylosing spondylitis ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that mainly affects the spine and back but can have effects throughout the body. ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that affects the spine and lower back. This article discusses symptoms, causes, ...
While there are a number of medications used to treat ankylosing spondylitis, biologics are one type that can be a helpful part ... Medications used to treat ankylosing spondylitis and related diseases. (n.d.). https://spondylitis.org/about-spondylitis/ ... Different types of medications are used to treat ankylosing spondylitis (AS). These can all help to manage pain, stiffness, and ... 2019). Biological treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: A nationwide study of treatment trajectories on a patient level in ...
... Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000 Apr;39(4):445. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.4.445. ...
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis thats associated with long-term inflammation of the joints in the spine. The ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis. It makes the joints of the spine swollen and painful. AS often affects the joint ... www.arthritis.org/about-arthritis/types/ankylosing-spondylitis/what-is-ankylosing-spondylitis.php. ... How ankylosing spondylitis can restrict movement. In this comparison, the vertebrae of the lower spine have fused together. ...
... also known as tuberculous spondylitis, is one of the oldest demonstrated diseases of humankind, having been documented in ... Discrimination of tuberculous spondylitis from pyogenic spondylitis on MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004 Jun. 182 (6):1405-10. [ ... encoded search term (Pott Disease (Tuberculous [TB] Spondylitis)) and Pott Disease (Tuberculous [TB] Spondylitis) What to Read ... Pott Disease (Tuberculous [TB] Spondylitis). Updated: Feb 18, 2022 * Author: Jose A Hidalgo, MD; Chief Editor: John L Brusch, ...
Bristol Myers Squibbs infographic on ankylosing spondylitis (AS) helps you learn more about the disease, its prevalence, ...
... Eur Spine J. 2018 Feb;27(Suppl 1):70-100. doi: 10.1007/ ... Introduction: This article presents the current concepts of correction of spinal deformity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) ...
Spondylitis Association of America. https://www.spondylitis.org/About-Spondylitis. Accessed Feb. 15, 2023. ... Ankylosing spondylitis usually starts with pain and stiffness in the back, after times of inactivity. Symptoms typically ... Ankylosing spondylitis treatment is most successful when started before the disease causes irreversible damage to your joints. ... Most people with ankylosing spondylitis dont need surgery. But if you have severe pain or joint damage, or if your hip joint ...
We hope you enjoyed our Spondylitis Educational Webinar Broadcast! Your feedback is very important to us. Please complete this ...
Cervical spondylitis is an autoimmune disease of the upper (cervical) spine. Visit Nuffield Health for more details. ... How is cervical spondylitis treated?. Treatment for cervical spondylitis includes medication to control inflammation and your ... Cervical Spondylitis Cervical spondylitis is an autoimmune disease of the upper (cervical) spine. ... The cause of spondylitis remains unknown but there is evidence that the condition is hereditary (passed by a family member). ...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, multisystem inflammatory disorder primarily involving the sacroiliac (SI) joints and ... Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy * Sections Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated ... ASsessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Working Group/Spondylitis Association of America recommendations for ... encoded search term (Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy) and Ankylosing Spondylitis and ...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis. There is a long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine.[1] ... What are ankylosing spondylitis symptom?[change , change source]. *Pain and stiffness in the body are its common symptoms. ... "Ankylosing spondylitis". GARD. 9 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.. ... What are ankylosing spondylitis causes? References[change , change source]. .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin- ...
Learn about the symptoms, treatment & living with Ankylosing spondylitis. ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that affects the spine. ...
The best yoga poses for ankylosing spondylitis are those that strengthen the abdominal muscles, enable deeper breathing, and ... The Latest in Ankylosing Spondylitis. 8 Yoga Poses for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Yoga can be a great way to maintain flexibility ... Ankylosing Spondylitis. Best Yoga Moves for Ankylosing Spondylitis. These poses help the spine retain flexibility and ... A Healthy Diet for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Factoring in the food you eat as part of your overall ankylosing spondylitis ...
Uncontrolled pain is a serious complication of spondylitis. Work with your medical team to find comprehesnsive pain management ... About Spondylitis *Overview of Spondyloarthritis *Ankylosing Spondylitis *Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis * ... Ankylosing Spondylitis *Symptoms *Diagnosis *Treatment *Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) *Symptoms * ... Spondylitis Plus *Seminars and Webinars *Podcasts *Back in Action, Again *eSUN Archive *Global Spondyloarthritis Summit * ...
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory type of arthritis that affects your back. Though it tends to affect more men than ... More in Ankylosing Spondylitis #IRL. *. Night Sweats and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Why Oh Why? ... DIY Pain Hacks for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects the joints in your back, and it can lead to ... Night Sweats and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Why Oh Why?. Ankylosing spondylitis-related back pain that can make it difficult to ...
A study reveals that axial psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis are different diseases with different ... Ankylosing Spondylitis Not Linked to Axial Psoriatic Arthritis. November 14, 2019. Jennifer Nessel, Assistant Editor ... Psoriasis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is not related to axial psoriatic arthritis (PsA), a type of psoriasis that causes ... A study reveals that axial psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis are different diseases with different ...
Listeria monocytogenes associated with pyogenic spondylitis in a 92-year-old woman. Kento Furuya and Naoya Itoh ... Listeria monocytogenes associated with pyogenic spondylitis in a 92-year-old woman ... Listeria monocytogenes associated with pyogenic spondylitis in a 92-year-old woman ... Listeria monocytogenes associated with pyogenic spondylitis in a 92-year-old woman ...
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of spondyloarthritis that causes inflammation primarily in the spine, sternum, and large ... Who gets ankylosing spondylitis?. Ankylosing spondylitis often begins at a young age (from the teens to the third decade of ... Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of spondyloarthritis that causes inflammation primarily in the spine, ... How is ankylosing spondylitis treated?. It is very important to get an early diagnosis for ankylosing spondylitis, since ...
The Sci-Files - 12/08/19 - Abdul Abbas - Ankylosing Spondylitis Chelsie Boodoo and Daniel Puentes December 9, 2019 ...
About Spondylitis *Overview of Spondyloarthritis *Ankylosing Spondylitis *Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis * ... Spondylitis Plus *Seminars and Webinars *Podcasts *Back in Action, Again *eSUN Archive *Global Spondyloarthritis Summit * ... As a service to the spondyloarthritis community, the Spondylitis Association of America is proud to host free seminars around ...
Learn about the symptoms, treatment & living with Ankylosing spondylitis. ... Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that affects the spine. ... How is ankylosing spondylitis treated?. Although there is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, your doctor will work with you to ... Living with ankylosing spondylitis. You can play a role in managing your ankylosing spondylitis and improving your health. You ...
TNF-alpha inhibitors for ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Technology appraisal guidance [ ... This guidance replaces NICE technology appraisal guidance on adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab for ankylosing spondylitis ( ... TA143) and golimumab for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (TA233).. Your responsibility. The recommendations in this ... These drugs are for people with severe active ankylosing spondylitis or severe non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis who ...
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Websites and information about ankylosing spondylitis ayurvedic treatment in chennai ...
  • Experts do not yet know the exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis, but some believe it may develop due to a combination of environmental and genetic causes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Researchers do not know the cause of ankylosing spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • Definite cause of ankylosing spondylitis remains unknown, although genetic alterations seem to be involved. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • While a concrete cause of ankylosing spondylitis, sometimes known as ankylosis spondylitis, has not yet been identified, evidence suggests that both genes and environmental factors may play a role in its development. (backpaincenters.com)
  • In earlier studies of identical twins, Dr. Brown and his colleagues found that the cause of ankylosing spondylitis is more than 90 percent genetic. (nih.gov)
  • Every purchase from great stores helps Spondylitis Association of America. (igive.com)
  • Fundraising for Spondylitis Association of America has never been easier. (igive.com)
  • iGive.com is the easy way to support Spondylitis Association of America. (igive.com)
  • Your everyday purchases Spondylitis Association of America mean serious donations! (igive.com)
  • Folks just like you have helped list over 35,000 causes and charities at iGive.com, including Spondylitis Association of America. (igive.com)
  • Unlike other forms of arthritis, AS often appears between ages 17 and 45, according to the Spondylitis Association of America . (everydayhealth.com)
  • The most common symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis are chronic back pain and stiffness. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Many people with ankylosing spondylitis have flares of mild back pain and stiffness that come and go. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis usually starts with dull pain and stiffness in the lower back. (rxlist.com)
  • Some people with ankylosing spondylitis have "flares" of increased pain and stiffness that may last for several weeks before decreasing again. (rxlist.com)
  • If you have ankylosing spondylitis, the inflammation in the joints and tissues of the spine can cause stiffness. (nih.gov)
  • The most common symptom of ankylosing spondylitis is lower back and/or hip pain and stiffness. (nih.gov)
  • The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) - morning stiffness, fatigue, back stiffness and pain - can make it difficult to perform everyday tasks and maintain your independence. (hss.edu)
  • To relieve pain and stiffness, common medicines prescribed in patients with ankylosing spondylitis are pain killer drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anti- rheumatic drugs as well as other groups of medications. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • It might be hard to pronounce, but ankylosing spondylitis affects about 1 percent of the U.S. adult population, causing back pain and stiffness. (everydayhealth.com)
  • In ankylosing spondylitis, inflammation causes chronic pain and stiffness, and the severity can vary from person to person. (everydayhealth.com)
  • The pain and stiffness from ankylosing spondylitis can strike not just in the lower back, pelvis, and hips, but other joints as well as entheses, which are connective tissue that link ligaments and tendons to bones. (creakyjoints.org)
  • Early signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis might include Pain and Stiffness in your lower back and hips, especially in the morning and after periods of inactivity. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • During a physical exam, a physician will look for signs and symptoms consistent with ankylosis spondylitis, including pain and stiffness in the heels, joints, spine, and pelvis. (backpaincenters.com)
  • These drugs are for people with severe active ankylosing spondylitis or severe non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis who have tried non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but they have not worked. (nice.org.uk)
  • The juvenile spondyloarthropathies include enthesitis-related arthritis, undifferentiated spondyloarthritis, juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis and arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (also called enteropathic arthritis). (spondylitis.org)
  • Spondyloarthritis is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation in the spine (spondylitis) and joints (arthritis). (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is one type of spondyloarthritis, defined as a long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • those with a related disease called non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-AxSpA) have similar symptoms as ankylosing spondylitis, but without damage you can see imaging. (creakyjoints.org)
  • The research on how ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis affects women is fascinating, ongoing, and sometimes contradictory. (creakyjoints.org)
  • We now call this disease Axial Spondyloarthritis which encompasses both Ankylosing Spondylitis and Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis. (spondypodcast.com)
  • However, a person may have the HLA-B27 gene and not develop ankylosing spondylitis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The tendency to develop ankylosing spondylitis is believed to be genetically inherited, and the majority (nearly 90%) of Caucasian people with ankylosing spondylitis is born with a gene known as the HLA-B27 gene. (rxlist.com)
  • Many people have the gene and never develop ankylosing spondylitis, which tells researchers that environmental factors also play a role. (nih.gov)
  • Men are more likely to develop ankylosing spondylitis than are women while onset generally occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • The tendency to develop ankylosing spondylitis is genetically inherited. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (pronounced ank-kih-low-sing spon-dill-eye-tiss), or AS, is a form of arthritis that primarily affects the spine, although other joints can become involved. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis of the spine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It would be more than a decade of pain, surgeries, and time stolen from her career as a professional dancer before she finally learned the cause: ankylosing spondylitis (AS), an immune system condition that's a form of arthritis. (webmd.com)
  • UPDATED July 25, 2013 ) - A major observational study in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) published online July 1 in Arthritis & Rheumatism revealed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors significantly reduced the risk for radiographic progression, that the benefit became apparent after nearly 4 years of treatment, and that the benefit was lost if treatment began late. (medscape.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that causes joint inflammation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis belongs to a group of arthritis conditions that tend to cause chronic inflammation of the spine. (rxlist.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis can sometimes be seen in patients with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). (rxlist.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that causes inflammation in the joints and ligaments of the spine. (nih.gov)
  • Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (JAS) is a type of arthritis that affects the spine and the sites where the muscles, tendons, and ligaments are attached to bone. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Although the name may sound complicated, ankylosing spondylitis (pronounced an-kih-LOH'-sihng spahn-dih-LY'-tihs), is essentially a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine, but it can move to other joints. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of joint inflammation (arthritis) that is long-lasting (chronic) and most often affects the spine. (peacehealth.org)
  • Thus, the study is aimed at investigating the acute effect of a noninvasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on clinical disease activity and systemic levels of inflammation in patients with psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. (hindawi.com)
  • Twenty patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 20 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were included and stimulated bilaterally with a handheld vagal nerve stimulator for 120 seconds 3 times a day for 5 consecutive days. (hindawi.com)
  • This open-label study provides support for an anti-inflammatory effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in patients with psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. (hindawi.com)
  • Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by peripheral and spinal joint inflammation. (hindawi.com)
  • Polymorph response to arthritogenic gram-negative bacteria in ankylosing spondylitis patients were examined by comparing them to HLA-B27 positive and negative healthy controls, and to a group of rheumatoid arthritis patients. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that makes your spine painful and stiff. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory form of arthritis that primarily affects the lower back and sacroiliac joints, where the spine connects with the pelvis - though it frequently causes pain in other joints, as well as such systemic symptoms as inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. (creakyjoints.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis shares many features with several other arthritis conditions, such as psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (formerly called Reiter's disease), and arthritis associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that mainly affects the spine between the intervertebral discs. (backpaincenters.com)
  • Work supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Skin Diseases has led to the discovery of two genes responsible for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), an inflammatory and potentially disabling disease of the spine. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), a self-administered instrument, has been developed as a new approach to defining disease activity in patients with AS. (nih.gov)
  • His Bath Ankylosing spondylitis Disease Activity Index which had risen from 8.8 to 9.2 is now 5.3. (mpkb.org)
  • How do doctors treat ankylosing spondylitis? (msdmanuals.com)
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - such as naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn, others) and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) - are the medications doctors most commonly use to treat ankylosing spondylitis. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Medications used to treat ankylosing spondylitis include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS), and biological agents. (backpaincenters.com)
  • Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for active ankylosing spondylitis refractory to biological therapy: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. (nih.gov)
  • Elevated levels of antibody to Klebsiella pneumoniae are found in both active CD and active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients compared with healthy controls. (mpkb.org)
  • Some people with ankylosing spondylitis develop eye disease (uveitis), skin disease (psoriasis), or gut disease (inflammatory bowel disease). (nih.gov)
  • Most people with ankylosing spondylitis develop some disabilities but can still lead normal lives. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Over time, chronic inflammation of the spine (spondylitis) can lead to a complete cementing together (fusion) of the vertebrae, a process referred to as ankylosis. (rxlist.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic (Miasmatic), progressive (Miasmatic), painful inflammatory rheumatic disease (Pseudopsora), which affects the spinal joints, in particular the sacroiliac joints and the lumbar spine. (hpathy.com)
  • However, if back pain progresses to chronic and severe pain without adequate response to given treatments, it might strongly indicate arthritic disease, called ankylosing spondylitis. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease involving primarily the sacroiliac joints and the axial skeleton. (orthopaedicweblinks.com)
  • But one lesser known cause of back pain that you might not be aware of is a chronic condition called ankylosing spondylitis , or AS. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Conclusions suggest a chronic activation and exposure of ankylosing spondylitis to gram-negative triggers. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of chronic inflammation of the spine and the sacroiliac joints. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is considered to be a chronic condition from the group of systemic inflammatory diseases of rheumatic pattern. (bvsalud.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis: introductory comments on its diagnosis and treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis should be investigated if strong clinical suspicion exists, even if suggestive pulmonary radiology findings are absent. (medscape.com)
  • It describes symptoms and causes, as well as information about diagnosis, treatment, and other strategies for living with ankylosing spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • The presence of HLA-B27 supports a diagnosis of spondylitis only in people with symptoms or imaging that is consistent with the disease. (backpaincenters.com)
  • The first response to a diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is usually, "What in the world is that? (flpainrelief.com)
  • In many cases, spondylitis involves one or more vertebral joints, as well, which itself is called spondylarthritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis can, over time, cause the joints of the spine to fuse completely together. (rxlist.com)
  • This is because ankylosing spondylitis can cause inflammation and limited range of motion of the spine as well as the joints where the ribs attach to the spine. (rxlist.com)
  • 3. Joints aren't the only body parts affected by ankylosing spondylitis. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Besides the joints, manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis may include the eyes - with uveitis, which presents as acute eye pain, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light," says Elyse Rubenstein, MD , a rheumatologist at Providence Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California. (everydayhealth.com)
  • In early ankylosing spondylitis, there is inflammation of the joints and of the ligaments where they attach near the joints. (peacehealth.org)
  • Advanced findings of ankylosing spondylitis manifested by multilevel vertebral body fusion, shiny corner signs, fused facet joints and bilateral sacroiliac joint fusion. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disorder leading to ossification of joints and ligaments, resulting in autofusion throughout the spinal column. (thejns.org)
  • A nkylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune-mediated spondyloarthropathy characterized by ossification of joints and ligaments throughout the body, often leading to fixed kyphotic deformities of the cervical spine. (thejns.org)
  • The inflammation of the vertebral joints is called spondylitis, which is one of the causes of backache, neck ache. (theholisticcare.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is considered one of the many rheumatic diseases because it can cause symptoms involving muscles and joints. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • X-rays may show changes in the joints that indicate ankylosing spondylitis. (backpaincenters.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To update the Cochrane review on the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in the management of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). (jrheum.org)
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is the main rheumatic disease in a group of conditions called the spondyloarthropathies (SpA). (goldbamboo.com)
  • The possible role of gram-negative bacteria in the causation of seronegative spondyloarthropathies, and the response of polymorphs to gram-negative bacteria in ankylosing spondylitis, forms the basis of this study. (gla.ac.uk)
  • I get so tired of hearing that," says CreakyJoints member Regan Reynolds, of North Carolina, who was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in 2002 at age 22. (creakyjoints.org)
  • We retrospectively reviewed 54 patients (92 hips) who underwent cementless total hip arthroplasty for bony ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis between September 1988 and 2002. (orthobullets.com)
  • Primary cementless total hip arthroplasty for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. (orthobullets.com)
  • Researchers know that the HLA-B27 gene increases the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis, but this does not mean you will get the disease if you have the gene. (nih.gov)
  • People who have the HLA-B27 gene are at a greatly increased risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Conventional treatments for ankylosing spondylitis. (medscape.com)
  • Read on to learn more about the differences between ankylosing spondylitis and scoliosis, including their causes, symptoms, and treatments. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Treatments for ankylosing spondylitis involve managing a person's symptoms, while treatment options for scoliosis involve correcting the curvature of the spine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Based primarily on current treatments, there is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • What are the treatments for ankylosing spondylitis? (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Spinal inflammation lesions as detected by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with early ankylosing spondylitis are more often observed in posterior structures of the spine. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The effectiveness of intensive group exercise on patients with ankylosing spondylitis. (medscape.com)
  • Braun J, Pincus T. Mortality, course of disease and prognosis of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. (medscape.com)
  • Six-month results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of etanercept treatment in patients with active anky-losing spondylitis. (medscape.com)
  • Specifically, patients with ankylosing spondylitis can develop inflammation of the iris (iritis), the colored portion of the eye. (rxlist.com)
  • Mortality has been studied in 15,577 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients diagnosed between 1935 and 1957 in the UK, of whom 14,556 received X-ray treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab and infliximab to placebo, other drugs or usual care in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, reported in abstract or full-text. (nih.gov)
  • In addition phagocytic ingestion of enteric bacteria by polymorphs from ankylosing spondylitis patients was similar to normals. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Subsequent assays also showed a significantly enhanced chemiluminescence response in ankylosing spondylitis patients polymorphs compared to normals following stimulation with gram-negative bacteria and S. aureus. (gla.ac.uk)
  • These results could indicate that gram-negative bacteria may contribute to an enhanced chemiluminescence response in ankylosing spondylitis patients, which is not specific. (gla.ac.uk)
  • A new study presented at EULAR 2013, the Annual Congress of the European League Against Rheumatism, demonstrates that progressive muscle strengthening using a Swiss ball is effective in improving muscle strength and walking performance in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). (fit-pro.com)
  • Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) warrant a comprehensive clinical assessment because of the lack of biomarkers of disease activity, prognosis and response to biologic therapy. (mpkb.org)
  • In patients with ankylosing spondylitis in clinical remission for at least 6 months, dose reduction is non-inferior to full TNF inhibitor doses to maintain LDA after 1 year. (mpkb.org)
  • The HLA-B27 gene can be detected in the blood of most patients with ankylosing spondylitis. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Single-cell RNA-seq reveals altered NK cell subsets and reduced levels of cytotoxic molecules in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. (bvsalud.org)
  • If warning signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis arise, medical attention and treatment must be sought immediately. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Neck pain affecting the cervical spin is called as cervical spondylitis. (theholisticcare.com)
  • We present a case of brucellar spondylitis with paravertebral mass in the cervical segment that resulted in neurological deficits. (who.int)
  • Cite this: Rehabilitation in Ankylosing Spondylitis - Medscape - Mar 01, 2008. (medscape.com)
  • This guidance replaces NICE technology appraisal guidance on adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab for ankylosing spondylitis (TA143) and golimumab for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (TA233). (nice.org.uk)
  • Exercise therapy should remain a mainstay of ankylosing spondylitis treatment complementing medical therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Prior to the development of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists, the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was disappointing, often culminating in debilitating pain, spinal fusion, progressive disability, and dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • Imaging helps doctors recognize signs of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and recommend treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Clinical and radiological outcomes after conservative treatment of TB spondylitis: is the 15 years' follow-up in the MRC study long enough? (medscape.com)
  • Surgery is the standard treatment for ankylosing spondylitis. (rxlist.com)
  • The treatment of ankylosing spondylitis typically involves the use of medications to reduce inflammation and to stop progression of the disease. (rxlist.com)
  • There is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis but there are many treatment options to help control symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • With treatment, most people with ankylosing spondylitis can have productive lives. (nih.gov)
  • A 34-year-old lady, Mrs. S.N. (PIN: 42287), who was suffering from ankylosing spondylitis since 2010, visited our Life Force Pimpri clinic on 10th January 2020 for the treatment. (askdrshah.com)
  • I never knew there was a treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis! (askdrshah.com)
  • The optimal treatment of ankylosing spondylitis involves medications that reduce inflammation or suppress immunity, physical therapy, and exercise. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis treatment is most successful before the disease causes irreversible damage. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • It is distinct from ankylosing spondylitis which is an autoimmune disease. (backcare.org.uk)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is also a systemic disease, meaning it can affect other tissues throughout the body. (rxlist.com)
  • What does ankylosing spondylitis have in common with psoriasis and Crohn's disease? (rxlist.com)
  • What other disease or condition commonly accompanies ankylosing spondylitis? (rxlist.com)
  • If you have a family history of ankylosing spondylitis, you are more likely to develop the disease. (nih.gov)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is defined as an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the small bones in the spine (vertebrae) to fuse. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Nonetheless, people who have this gene might not have ankylosing spondylitis and vice versa, patient can develop the disease without having this gene. (bangkokhospital.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is a distinct disease entity characterized by inflammation of multiple. (orthopaedicweblinks.com)
  • 8. Ankylosing spondylitis may be linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (everydayhealth.com)
  • Disease status, in terms of disease activity, disease progression and prognosis is difficult to define in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). (nih.gov)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis may be portrayed as a 'man's disease' - but it's anything but to the hundreds of thousands of women living with it, many undiagnosed. (creakyjoints.org)
  • Let's get this out of the way: "Ankylosing spondylitis is not a man's disease. (creakyjoints.org)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis is often abbreviated AS and has been referred to as Bechterew's disease. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease with unknown aetiology. (bvsalud.org)
  • In severe cases, ankylosing spondylitis can cause the vertebrae to become fused and rigid. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis, whether mild or severe, may worsen in "flares" and improve during periods of remission. (nih.gov)
  • Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis include mild to severe pain in the low back and buttocks that is often worse in early morning. (peacehealth.org)
  • If you have more severe ankylosing spondylitis, doctors may give you biologic medicines. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This review will focus on ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the recently defined disorder of non-radiographic axial SpA. (racgp.org.au)
  • These complications commonly affect the axial skeleton, with vertebral spondylitis accounting for 35%-50% of all osteoarticular complications [4-6]. (who.int)
  • TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-alpha inhibitors block a key protein in the inflammatory chain reaction responsible for joint inflammation, pain, and damage in ankylosing spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • To assess the benefit and harms of adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, and infliximab (TNF-alpha inhibitors) in people with ankylosing spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • Medical therapy of ankylosing spondylitis has improved dramatically with the advent of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy, but nonpharmacologic therapies have long been employed to treat the condition. (medscape.com)
  • Spondylitis means inflammation of the spinal vertebrae. (hpathy.com)
  • Dedicated to serving those with ankylosing spondylitis and related diseases. (igive.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis symptoms usually begin with. (rxlist.com)
  • Who is more commonly affected by ankylosing spondylitis? (rxlist.com)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis affects males two to three times more commonly than females. (orthopedicshealth.com)
  • Osteoarticular Involvement-Associated Biomarkers and Pathways in Psoriasis: The Shared Pathway With Ankylosing Spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • A gene called HLA-B27 may increase a person's chances of developing ankylosing spondylitis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • however, HLA-B27 is the primary gene known thus far that increases your risk for developing ankylosing spondylitis. (nih.gov)
  • Other risk factors include having the HLA-B27 genetic marker (a gene found in 90 to 95 percent of people with ankylosing spondylitis), having a family history of AS, and experiencing frequent gastrointestinal infections. (everydayhealth.com)
  • The most common blood test used in diagnosing spondylitis is for the gene HLA-B27. (backpaincenters.com)
  • When ankylosing spondylitis affects the upper part of the neck, it can create significant kyphosis - the medical term for a hunched back - and cause the head to collapse forward, resulting in a chin-on-chest deformity," says Neel Anand, MD , medical director of spine trauma surgery at the Cedars-Sinai Spine Center in Los Angeles. (everydayhealth.com)
  • It was diagnosed as Ankylosing Spondylitis in May 2018. (askdrshah.com)