Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.
Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)
A genus of TICKS, in the family IXODIDAE, widespread in Africa. Members of the genus include many important vectors of animal and human pathogens.
A pesticide or chemical agent that kills mites and ticks. This is a large class that includes carbamates, formamides, organochlorines, organophosphates, etc, that act as antibiotics or growth regulators.
A family of hardbacked TICKS, in the subclass ACARI. Genera include DERMACENTOR and IXODES among others.
Infestations with arthropods of the subclass ACARI, superorder Acariformes.
The largest genus of TICKS in the family IXODIDAE, containing over 200 species. Many infest humans and other mammals and several are vectors of diseases such as LYME DISEASE, tick-borne encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, TICK-BORNE), and KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE.
Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.
Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation. (From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)
A species of tick (TICKS) in the family IXODIDAE, distributed throughout the world but abundant in southern Europe. It will feed on a wide variety of MAMMALS, but DOGS are its preferred host. It transmits a large number of diseases including BABESIOSIS; THEILERIASIS; EHRLICHIOSIS; and MEDITERRANEAN SPOTTED FEVER.
The immature stage in the life cycle of those orders of insects characterized by gradual metamorphosis, in which the young resemble the imago in general form of body, including compound eyes and external wings; also the 8-legged stage of mites and ticks that follows the first moult.
A widely distributed genus of TICKS, in the family IXODIDAE, including a number that infest humans and other mammals. Several are vectors of diseases such as TULAREMIA; ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; COLORADO TICK FEVER; and ANAPLASMOSIS.
Animals produced by the mating of progeny over multiple generations. The resultant strain of animals is virtually identical genotypically. Highly inbred animal lines allow the study of certain traits in a relatively pure form. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Members of the class Arachnida, especially SPIDERS; SCORPIONS; MITES; and TICKS; which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.
Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.
Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.
Parasitic attack by members of the order SIPHONAPTERA.
Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), antigenic proteins, synthetic constructs, or other bio-molecular derivatives, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases.
Lice of the genus Pediculus, family Pediculidae. Pediculus humanus corporus is the human body louse and Pediculus humanus capitis is the human head louse.
Scalp dermatoses refer to various inflammatory skin conditions affecting the scalp, including seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and tinea capitis, often characterized by symptoms such as redness, scaling, itching, and hair loss.
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous insects through chemical, biological, or other means.
Chemical, biological, or medical measures designed to prevent the spread of ticks or the concomitant infestations which result in tick-borne diseases. It includes the veterinary as well as the public health aspects of tick and mite control.
The invasion of living tissues of man and other mammals by dipterous larvae.
A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to cover the entire body.
A genus of the subfamily TRIATOMINAE. Several species are vectors of TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI.
Bugs of the family CIMICIDAE, genus Cimex. They are flattened, oval, reddish insects which inhabit houses, wallpaper, furniture, and beds. C. lectularius, of temperate regions, is the common bedbug that attacks humans and is frequently a serious pest in houses, hotels, barracks, and other living quarters. Experiments have shown that bedbugs can transmit a variety of diseases, but they are not normal vectors under natural conditions. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p272)

Duration of antibodies against 24 kd protein of Rhipicephalus sanguineus extract in dogs infested with the adult ticks. (1/312)

A 24 kd protein from Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Rs24p) which was common to larvae, nymphs, male and female whole body and salivary gland extract of males and female was detected specifically in the serum from dogs after repeated infestation with adult R. sanguineus. The duration of antibodies against Rs24p in dogs infested with adults was examined by Western blotting analysis. Anti-Rs24p antibody was detected in two of 4 dogs during the period of 40 days in the first infestation. In the second infestation, all dogs showed positive reaction against Rs24p, but the duration of the antibodies varied greatly among the animals.  (+info)

Molecular characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated 29-kilodalton protein and its effect as a vaccine against tick infestation in rabbits. (2/312)

The use of tick vaccines in mammalian hosts has been shown to be the most promising alternative tick control method to current use of acaricides, which suffers from a number of limitations. However, the success of this method is dependent on the identification, cloning, and in vitro expression of tick molecules involved in the mediation of key physiological roles with respect to the biological success of a tick as a vector and pest. We have sequenced and characterized a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated cDNA coding for a 29-kDa extracellular matrix-like protein. This protein is expressed in both unfed and fed immature and mature H. longicornis ticks. The predicted amino acid sequence of p29 shows high homology to sequences of some known extracellular matrix like-proteins with the structural conservation similar to all known collagen proteins. Immunization with the recombinant p29 conferred a significant protective immunity in rabbits, resulting in reduced engorgement weight for adult ticks and up to 40 and 56% mortality in larvae and nymphs that fed on the immunized rabbits. We speculate that this protein is associated with formation of tick cement, a chemical compound that enables the tick to remain attached to the host, and suggest a role for p29 as a candidate tick vaccine molecule for the control of ticks. We have discussed our findings with respect to the search of tick molecules for vaccine candidates.  (+info)

Successive tick infestations selectively promote a T-helper 2 cytokine profile in mice. (3/312)

Several studies have revealed that T lymphocytes and cytokines play a crucial role in determining the outcome of parasitic infections in terms of protective immunity. In this study we found that Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick saliva stimulates transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and reduces interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion by cells from normal C3H/HeJ mice. Moreover, murine lymph node cells harvested 6 days after the fourth infestation with ticks presented an 82.4% decrease in their proliferative response to concanavalin A (Con A) compared with the response of control cells. In addition, lymph node cells cultured in the presence of Con A showed a T-helper 2-type (Th2-type) cytokine profile, represented by augmented IL-4 and IL-10 and TGF-beta. On the other hand, the IL-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-12 synthesis was significantly inhibited. These results indicate that ticks may modulate the host's immune response through saliva injection. Considering that C3H/HeJ mice develop no protective immunity to R. sanguineus infestation, our results suggest that tick-induced Th2-type cytokines and a decreased proliferative response probably lead the host to a susceptible state to both tick and tick-transmitted pathogens.  (+info)

Longitudinal study of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland. (4/312)

The maintenance of Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus was investigated from 202 mark and recapture mice and 61 mice that were removed from a site in Baltimore County, Maryland. Borrelia burgdorferi infection was detected by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of ear tissue, and exposure to the spirochete was quantified by serology. Overall prevalence of B. burgdorferi, as determined by culture and PCR of ear tissue at first capture, was 25% in the longitudinal sample and 42% in the cross-sectional sample. Significantly more juvenile mice were captured in the longitudinal sample (18%) than in the cross-sectional sample (0%). Among 36 captured juvenile mice, only one was infected with B. burgdorferi; this contributed to a significant trend for infection with B. burgdorferi with age. Recovery from infection with B. burgdorferi was not detected among 77 mice followed for an average of 160 days. The incidence rate of infection with B. burgdorferi was 10 times greater in mice captured during two periods of high risk of exposure to nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks compared with a period of low risk. Maintenance of B. burgdorferi in this population was dependent on indirect transmission of the organism from infected ticks to susceptible mice and development of chronic infection with the spirochete, which had no measurable effect on the survival of infected mice.  (+info)

African swine fever virus replication in the midgut epithelium is required for infection of Ornithodoros ticks. (5/312)

Although the Malawi Lil20/1 (MAL) strain of African swine fever virus (ASFV) was isolated from Ornithodoros sp. ticks, our attempts to experimentally infect ticks by feeding them this strain failed. Ten different collections of Ornithodorus porcinus porcinus ticks and one collection of O. porcinus domesticus ticks were orally exposed to a high titer of MAL. At 3 weeks postinoculation (p.i.), <25% of the ticks contained detectable virus, with viral titers of <4 log(10) 50% hemadsorbing doses/ml. Viral titers declined to undetectability in >90% of the ticks by 5 weeks p.i. To further study the growth defect, O. porcinus porcinus ticks were orally exposed to MAL and assayed at regular intervals p.i. Whole-tick viral titers dramatically declined (>1,000-fold) between 2 and 6 days p.i., and by 18 days p.i., viral titers were below the detection limit. In contrast, viral titers of ticks orally exposed to a tick-competent ASFV isolate, Pretoriuskop/96/4/1 (Pr4), increased 10-fold by 10 days p.i. and 50-fold by 14 days p.i. Early viral gene expression, but not extensive late gene expression or viral DNA synthesis, was detected in the midguts of ticks orally exposed to MAL. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that progeny virus was rarely present in ticks orally exposed to MAL and, when present, was associated with extensive cytopathology of phagocytic midgut epithelial cells. To determine if viral replication was restricted only in the midgut epithelium, parenteral inoculations into the hemocoel were performed. With inoculation by this route, a persistent infection was established although a delay in generalization of MAL was detected and viral titers in most tissues were typically 10- to 1,000-fold lower than those of ticks injected with Pr4. MAL was detected in both the salivary secretion and coxal fluid following feeding but less frequently and at a lower titer compared to Pr4. Transovarial transmission of MAL was not detected after two gonotrophic cycles. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that, when injected, MAL replicated in a number of cell types but failed to replicate in midgut epithelial cells. In contrast, ticks injected with Pr4 had replicating virus in midgut epithelial cells. Together, these results indicate that MAL replication is restricted in midgut epithelial cells. This finding demonstrates the importance of viral replication in the midgut for successful ASFV infection of the arthropod host.  (+info)

Tick paralysis: 33 human cases in Washington State, 1946-1996. (6/312)

Tick paralysis is a preventable cause of illness and death that, when diagnosed promptly, requires simple, low-cost intervention (tick removal). We reviewed information on cases of tick paralysis that were reported to the Washington State Department of Health (Seattle) during 1946-1996. Thirty-three cases of tick paralysis were identified, including 2 in children who died. Most of the patients were female (76%), and most cases (82%) occurred in children aged <8 years. Nearly all cases with information on site of probable exposure indicated exposure east of the Cascade Mountains. Onset of illness occurred from March 14 to June 22. Of the 28 patients for whom information regarding hospitalization was available, 54% were hospitalized. Dermacentor andersoni was consistently identified when information on the tick species was reported. This large series of cases of tick paralysis demonstrates the predictable epidemiology of this disease. Improving health care provider awareness of tick paralysis could help limit morbidity and mortality due to this disease.  (+info)

Prevalence of Lyme disease Borrelia spp. in ticks from migratory birds on the Japanese mainland. (7/312)

Borrelia sp. prevalence in ticks on migratory birds was surveyed in central Japan. In autumn, a total of 1,733 birds representing 40 species were examined for ticks. A total of 361 ticks were obtained from 173 birds of 15 species, and these ticks were immature Haemaphysalis flava (94.4%), Haemaphysalis longicornis, Ixodes columnae, Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes turdus, and an unidentified Ixodes species. Of these, 27 juveniles of H. flava on Turdus pallidus, Turdus cardis, or Emberiza spodocephala, 2 juveniles of I. persulcatus on T. pallidus, and 1 female H. flava molted from a T. pallidus-derived nymph were positive for the presence of Borrelia by Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly culture passages. In spring, a total of 16 ticks obtained from 102 birds of 21 species were negative for the spirochete. Isolates from 15 ticks were characterized by 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis; all isolates were identified as Borrelia garinii with pattern B/B' based on the previous patterning. According to the intergenic spacer sequences, 2 of 15 isolates, strains Fi14f and Fi24f, were highly similar to B. garinii strains 935T of Korea and ChY13p of Inner Mongolia, China, respectively. These findings indicate that Lyme disease-causing B. garinii may have been introduced to Japan by migratory birds from northeastern China via Korea. Additionally, a case of transstadial transmission of B. garinii from nymph to adult H. flava suggests that the infected H. flava may transmit Borrelia to large animals.  (+info)

Acquisition of coinfection and simultaneous transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia phagocytophila by Ixodes scapularis ticks. (8/312)

The agents of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia phagocytophila) are both transmitted by the tick Ixodes scapularis. In nature, ticks are often infected with both agents simultaneously. We studied whether previous infection with either Borrelia or Ehrlichia in ticks would affect acquisition and transmission of a second pathogen. Ehrlichia-infected I. scapularis nymphs were fed upon Borrelia-infected mice, and Borrelia-infected I. scapularis nymphs were fed upon Ehrlichia-infected mice. The efficiency with which previously infected nymphal ticks acquired a second pathogen from infected hosts was compared to that of uninfected ticks. An average of 51% +/- 15% of ticks acquired Ehrlichia from infected mice regardless of their prior infection status with Borrelia. An average of 85% +/- 10% of ticks acquired Borrelia from infected mice regardless of their prior infection status with Ehrlichia. Also, we assessed the efficiency with which individual nymphs could transmit either agent alone, or both agents simultaneously, to individual susceptible hosts. An average of 76% +/- 9% of Borrelia-infected ticks and 84% +/- 10% of Ehrlichia-infected ticks transmitted these agents to mice regardless of the presence of the other pathogen. There was no evidence of interaction between the agents of Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in I. scapularis ticks. The presence of either agent in the ticks did not affect acquisition of the other agent from an infected host. Transmission of the agents of Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by individual ticks was equally efficient and independent. Dually infected ticks transmitted each pathogen to susceptible hosts as efficiently as ticks infected with only one pathogen.  (+info)

A "tick infestation" is not a formal medical term, but it generally refers to a situation where an individual has a large number of ticks (Ixodida: Acarina) on their body or in their living environment. Ticks are external parasites that feed on the blood of mammals, birds, and reptiles.

An infestation can occur in various settings, including homes, gardens, parks, and forests. People who spend time in these areas, especially those with pets or who engage in outdoor activities like camping, hiking, or hunting, are at a higher risk of tick encounters.

Tick infestations can lead to several health concerns, as ticks can transmit various diseases, such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis, among others. It is essential to take preventive measures to avoid tick bites and promptly remove any attached ticks to reduce the risk of infection.

If you suspect a tick infestation in your living environment or on your body, consult a healthcare professional or a pest control expert for proper assessment and guidance on how to proceed.

A medical definition of "ticks" would be:

Ticks are small, blood-sucking parasites that belong to the arachnid family, which also includes spiders. They have eight legs and can vary in size from as small as a pinhead to about the size of a marble when fully engorged with blood. Ticks attach themselves to the skin of their hosts (which can include humans, dogs, cats, and wild animals) by inserting their mouthparts into the host's flesh.

Ticks can transmit a variety of diseases, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis. It is important to remove ticks promptly and properly to reduce the risk of infection. To remove a tick, use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin's surface as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure. Do not twist or jerk the tick, as this can cause the mouthparts to break off and remain in the skin. After removing the tick, clean the area with soap and water and disinfect the tweezers.

Preventing tick bites is an important part of protecting against tick-borne diseases. This can be done by wearing protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), using insect repellent containing DEET or permethrin, avoiding wooded and brushy areas with high grass, and checking for ticks after being outdoors.

"Rhipicephalus" is a genus of ticks that are commonly found in many parts of the world, including Africa, Europe, and Asia. These ticks are known to parasitize various mammals, birds, and reptiles, and can transmit a variety of diseases to their hosts. Some species of Rhipicephalus ticks are capable of transmitting serious diseases to humans, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and African tick-bite fever. These ticks are usually found in grassy or wooded areas, and can be carried by animals such as cattle, sheep, and deer. They are typically reddish-brown in color and have a hard, shield-shaped body. Proper identification and prevention measures are important for avoiding tick bites and reducing the risk of tick-borne diseases.

Acaricides are a type of pesticide that are specifically used to kill acarines, which are mites and ticks. These agents work by targeting the nervous system of the acarines, leading to paralysis and eventually death. Acaricides are commonly used in agricultural settings to protect crops from mite infestations, and in medical and veterinary settings to control ticks and mites that can transmit diseases to humans and animals. It is important to use acaricides according to the manufacturer's instructions and to take appropriate safety precautions to minimize exposure to non-target organisms, including humans.

Ixodidae is a family of arachnids commonly known as hard ticks. Here's a more detailed medical definition:

Ixodidae is a family of tick species, also known as hard ticks, which are obligate ectoparasites of many different terrestrial vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. They have a hard, shield-like structure on their dorsal surface called the scutum, and a prominent mouthpart called the hypostome, which helps them anchor themselves onto their host's skin during feeding.

Hard ticks are vectors of various bacterial, viral, and protozoan diseases that can affect both humans and animals. Some of the diseases transmitted by Ixodidae include Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, and tularemia.

Ixodidae species have a complex life cycle that involves three developmental stages: larva, nymph, and adult. Each stage requires a blood meal from a host to progress to the next stage or to reproduce. The length of the life cycle varies depending on the species and environmental conditions but can take up to several years to complete.

Proper identification and control of Ixodidae populations are essential for preventing tick-borne diseases and protecting public health.

Mite infestations refer to the presence and multiplication of mites, which are tiny arthropods belonging to the class Arachnida, on or inside a host's body. This can occur in various sites such as the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, depending on the specific mite species.

Skin infestations by mites, also known as dermatophilosis or mange, are common and may cause conditions like scabies (caused by Sarcoptes scabiei) or demodecosis (caused by Demodex spp.). These conditions can lead to symptoms such as itching, rash, and skin lesions.

Lung infestations by mites, although rare, can occur in people who work in close contact with mites, such as farmers or laboratory workers. This condition is called "mite lung" or "farmer's lung," which is often caused by exposure to high levels of dust containing mite feces and dead mites.

Gastrointestinal infestations by mites can occur in animals but are extremely rare in humans. The most common example is the intestinal roundworm, which belongs to the phylum Nematoda rather than Arachnida.

It's important to note that mite infestations can be treated with appropriate medical interventions and prevention measures.

"Ixodes" is a genus of tick that includes several species known to transmit various diseases to humans and animals. These ticks are often referred to as "hard ticks" because of their hard, shield-like plate on their backs. Ixodes ticks have a complex life cycle involving three stages: larva, nymph, and adult. They feed on the blood of hosts during each stage, and can transmit diseases such as Lyme disease, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis, and Powassan virus disease.

The most common Ixodes species in North America is Ixodes scapularis, also known as the black-legged tick or deer tick, which is the primary vector of Lyme disease in this region. In Europe, Ixodes ricinus, or the castor bean tick, is a widespread and important vector of diseases such as Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, and several other tick-borne pathogens.

Ixodes ticks are typically found in wooded or grassy areas with high humidity and moderate temperatures. They can be carried by various hosts, including mammals, birds, and reptiles, and can survive for long periods without feeding, making them efficient disease vectors.

Ectoparasitic infestations refer to the invasion and multiplication of parasites, such as lice, fleas, ticks, or mites, on the outer surface of a host organism, typically causing irritation, itching, and other skin disorders. These parasites survive by feeding on the host's blood, skin cells, or other bodily substances, leading to various health issues if left untreated.

Ectoparasitic infestations can occur in humans as well as animals and may require medical intervention for proper diagnosis and treatment. Common symptoms include redness, rash, inflammation, and secondary bacterial or viral infections due to excessive scratching. Preventive measures such as personal hygiene, regular inspections, and avoiding contact with infested individuals or environments can help reduce the risk of ectoparasitic infestations.

A lice infestation, also known as pediculosis, is a condition characterized by the presence and multiplication of parasitic insects called lice on a person's body. The three main types of lice that can infest humans are:

1. Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis): These lice primarily live on the scalp, neck, and behind the ears, feeding on human blood. They lay their eggs (nits) on hair shafts close to the scalp. Head lice infestations are most common in children aged 3-12 years old.

2. Body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis): These lice typically live and lay eggs on clothing, particularly seams and collars, near the body's warmest areas. They move to the skin to feed on blood, usually at night. Body lice infestations are more common in people who experience homelessness or overcrowded living conditions with limited access to clean clothing and hygiene facilities.

3. Pubic lice (Pthirus pubis): Also known as crab lice, these lice primarily live in coarse body hair, such as the pubic area, armpits, eyelashes, eyebrows, beard, or mustache. They feed on human blood and lay eggs on hair shafts close to the skin. Pubic lice infestations are typically sexually transmitted but can also occur through close personal contact with an infected individual or sharing contaminated items like bedding or clothing.

Symptoms of a lice infestation may include intense itching, tickling sensations, and visible red bumps or sores on the skin caused by lice bites. In some cases, secondary bacterial infections can occur due to scratching. Diagnosis is usually made through visual identification of lice or nits on the body or clothing. Treatment typically involves topical medications, such as shampoos, creams, or lotions, and thorough cleaning of bedding, clothing, and personal items to prevent reinfestation.

"Rhipicephalus sanguineus" is the medical term for the brown dog tick. It is a species of tick that is widely distributed around the world and is known to feed on a variety of hosts, including dogs, cats, and humans. The brown dog tick is a vector for several diseases, including canine babesiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. It can survive and reproduce in indoor environments, making it a common pest in homes and kennels. The tick undergoes a four-stage life cycle: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. Each stage requires a blood meal before molting to the next stage or reproducing.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nymph" does not have a medical definition. In general, nymph is a term used in mythology to refer to a minor nature deity typically represented as an attractive maiden or beautiful young woman who animates nature and is often associated with various natural phenomena.

If you have any medical concerns or questions, I would be happy to help if you could provide more information.

Dermacentor is a genus of ticks that includes several species known to transmit diseases to humans and animals. Some of the notable species in this genus are:

1. Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick): This species is widely distributed across western North America and can transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, and tularemia.
2. Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick): Found throughout the United States, this tick can transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia, and human ehrlichiosis.
3. Dermacentor reticulatus (Ornate cow tick or Marsh tick): This species is distributed in Europe and parts of Asia and can transmit diseases like tick-borne encephalitis, louping ill, and babesiosis.
4. Dermacentor marginatus (Marginated tick): Found primarily in Europe, this tick transmits various pathogens causing diseases such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tick-borne encephalitis, and rickettsialpox.
5. Dermacentor nitens (Brazilian pampas tick): This species is native to South America and can transmit Rickettsia rickettsii, the bacterium that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Dermacentor ticks are known for their hard, shield-like structures called scutums on their backs and their long mouthparts called hypostomes, which they use to feed on the blood of their hosts. They typically prefer large mammals as hosts but will also feed on humans and other animals if necessary.

Inbreeding in animals refers to the mating of closely related individuals, such as siblings or offspring of siblings, over multiple generations. An inbred strain is a population of animals produced by this repeated mating of close relatives, which results in a high degree of genetic similarity among members of the strain.

Inbreeding can lead to an increase in homozygosity, where identical alleles are present at corresponding loci on both chromosomes. This can result in the expression of recessive traits, some of which may be deleterious or even lethal. However, inbred strains also have advantages, such as reduced genetic variability, which makes them useful for scientific research.

Inbred strains are commonly used in biomedical research, including genetics, immunology, and behavioral studies. They provide a consistent and controlled genetic background, allowing researchers to study the effects of specific genes or environmental factors with greater precision. Additionally, inbred strains can be crossed with other strains to create hybrid populations, which can be used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) and identify genes associated with complex traits.

Arachnid vectors are arthropods belonging to the class Arachnida that are capable of transmitting infectious diseases to humans and other animals. Arachnids include spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. Among these, ticks and some mites are the most significant as disease vectors.

Ticks can transmit a variety of bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens, causing diseases such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, tularemia, and several types of encephalitis. They attach to the host's skin and feed on their blood, during which they can transmit pathogens from their saliva.

Mites, particularly chiggers and some species of birds and rodents mites, can also act as vectors for certain diseases, such as scrub typhus and rickettsialpox. Mites are tiny arachnids that live on the skin or in the nests of their hosts and feed on their skin cells, fluids, or blood.

It is important to note that not all arachnids are disease vectors, and only a small percentage of them can transmit infectious diseases. However, those that do pose a significant public health risk and require proper prevention measures, such as using insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and checking for and promptly removing attached ticks.

There is no medical definition for "dog diseases" as it is too broad a term. However, dogs can suffer from various health conditions and illnesses that are specific to their species or similar to those found in humans. Some common categories of dog diseases include:

1. Infectious Diseases: These are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Examples include distemper, parvovirus, kennel cough, Lyme disease, and heartworms.
2. Hereditary/Genetic Disorders: Some dogs may inherit certain genetic disorders from their parents. Examples include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), and degenerative myelopathy.
3. Age-Related Diseases: As dogs age, they become more susceptible to various health issues. Common age-related diseases in dogs include arthritis, dental disease, cancer, and cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS).
4. Nutritional Disorders: Malnutrition or improper feeding can lead to various health problems in dogs. Examples include obesity, malnutrition, and vitamin deficiencies.
5. Environmental Diseases: These are caused by exposure to environmental factors such as toxins, allergens, or extreme temperatures. Examples include heatstroke, frostbite, and toxicities from ingesting harmful substances.
6. Neurological Disorders: Dogs can suffer from various neurological conditions that affect their nervous system. Examples include epilepsy, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), and vestibular disease.
7. Behavioral Disorders: Some dogs may develop behavioral issues due to various factors such as anxiety, fear, or aggression. Examples include separation anxiety, noise phobias, and resource guarding.

It's important to note that regular veterinary care, proper nutrition, exercise, and preventative measures can help reduce the risk of many dog diseases.

Cattle diseases are a range of health conditions that affect cattle, which include but are not limited to:

1. Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD): Also known as "shipping fever," BRD is a common respiratory illness in feedlot cattle that can be caused by several viruses and bacteria.
2. Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD): A viral disease that can cause a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, fever, and reproductive issues.
3. Johne's Disease: A chronic wasting disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. It primarily affects the intestines and can cause severe diarrhea and weight loss.
4. Digital Dermatitis: Also known as "hairy heel warts," this is a highly contagious skin disease that affects the feet of cattle, causing lameness and decreased productivity.
5. Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK): Also known as "pinkeye," IBK is a common and contagious eye infection in cattle that can cause blindness if left untreated.
6. Salmonella: A group of bacteria that can cause severe gastrointestinal illness in cattle, including diarrhea, dehydration, and septicemia.
7. Leptospirosis: A bacterial disease that can cause a wide range of symptoms in cattle, including abortion, stillbirths, and kidney damage.
8. Blackleg: A highly fatal bacterial disease that causes rapid death in young cattle. It is caused by Clostridium chauvoei and vaccination is recommended for prevention.
9. Anthrax: A serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Cattle can become infected by ingesting spores found in contaminated soil, feed or water.
10. Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD): A highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals, including cattle. It is characterized by fever and blisters on the feet, mouth, and teats. FMD is not a threat to human health but can have serious economic consequences for the livestock industry.

It's important to note that many of these diseases can be prevented or controlled through good management practices, such as vaccination, biosecurity measures, and proper nutrition. Regular veterinary care and monitoring are also crucial for early detection and treatment of any potential health issues in your herd.

A flea infestation refers to an unwanted invasion and multiplication of fleas (small, wingless insects that jump) in living spaces or on a host organism, usually a mammal or bird. These parasites feed on the blood of their hosts, causing itching, discomfort, and sometimes transmitting diseases.

Flea infestations are particularly common in domestic animals such as dogs and cats, but they can also affect humans. The most prevalent flea species is the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis), although dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) and human fleas (Pulex irritans) can also cause infestations.

Signs of a flea infestation include:

1. Seeing live fleas on the host or in their living environment.
2. Finding flea dirt, which looks like small black specks and is actually flea feces, on the host or their bedding.
3. Excessive scratching, biting, or licking by the host, leading to skin irritation, redness, and hair loss.
4. Presence of flea eggs, which are tiny and white, in the host's fur or living spaces.
5. Development of secondary skin infections due to constant scratching and biting.

Preventing and controlling flea infestations involves regular vacuuming, washing pet bedding, using topical or oral preventatives for pets, and sometimes employing professional pest control services.

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. It typically contains an agent that resembles the disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it encounters in the future.

Vaccines can be prophylactic (to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by a natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (to fight disease that is already present). The administration of vaccines is called vaccination. Vaccinations are generally administered through needle injections, but can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose.

The term "vaccine" comes from Edward Jenner's 1796 use of cowpox to create immunity to smallpox. The first successful vaccine was developed in 1796 by Edward Jenner, who showed that milkmaids who had contracted cowpox did not get smallpox. He reasoned that exposure to cowpox protected against smallpox and tested his theory by injecting a boy with pus from a cowpox sore and then exposing him to smallpox, which the boy did not contract. The word "vaccine" is derived from Variolae vaccinae (smallpox of the cow), the term devised by Jenner to denote cowpox. He used it in 1798 during a conversation with a fellow physician and later in the title of his 1801 Inquiry.

"Pediculus" is the medical term for a type of small, wingless parasitic insect that can be found in human hair and on the body. There are two main species that affect humans:

1. Pediculus humanus capitis - also known as the head louse, it primarily lives on the scalp and is responsible for causing head lice infestations.
2. Pediculus humanus corporis - also known as the body louse, it typically lives in clothing and on the body, particularly in seams and folds of clothing, and can cause body lice infestations.

Both species of Pediculus feed on human blood and can cause itching and skin irritation. They are primarily spread through close personal contact and sharing of items such as hats, combs, and clothing.

Scalp dermatoses refer to various skin conditions that affect the scalp. These can include inflammatory conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff, cradle cap), psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and lichen planus; infectious processes like bacterial folliculitis, tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp), and viral infections; as well as autoimmune conditions such as alopecia areata. Symptoms can range from mild scaling and itching to severe redness, pain, and hair loss. The specific diagnosis and treatment of scalp dermatoses depend on the underlying cause.

"Cattle" is a term used in the agricultural and veterinary fields to refer to domesticated animals of the genus *Bos*, primarily *Bos taurus* (European cattle) and *Bos indicus* (Zebu). These animals are often raised for meat, milk, leather, and labor. They are also known as bovines or cows (for females), bulls (intact males), and steers/bullocks (castrated males). However, in a strict medical definition, "cattle" does not apply to humans or other animals.

I believe there might be a misunderstanding in your question. "Dogs" is not a medical term or condition. It is the common name for a domesticated carnivore of the family Canidae, specifically the genus Canis, which includes wolves, foxes, and other extant and extinct species of mammals. Dogs are often kept as pets and companions, and they have been bred in a wide variety of forms and sizes for different purposes, such as hunting, herding, guarding, assisting police and military forces, and providing companionship and emotional support.

If you meant to ask about a specific medical condition or term related to dogs, please provide more context so I can give you an accurate answer.

'Insect control' is not a term typically used in medical definitions. However, it generally refers to the methods and practices used to manage or reduce the population of insects that can be harmful or disruptive to human health, food supply, or property. This can include various strategies such as chemical pesticides, biological control agents, habitat modification, and other integrated pest management techniques.

In medical terms, 'vector control' is a more relevant concept, which refers to the specific practices used to reduce or prevent the transmission of infectious diseases by insects and other arthropods that act as disease vectors (such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas). Vector control measures may include the use of insecticides, larvicides, biological control agents, environmental management, personal protection methods, and other integrated vector management strategies.

"Tick control" is not a medical term per se, but it is a common term used in public health and medicine to refer to the methods and practices aimed at reducing or preventing the population of ticks in a given area. This can include various strategies such as:

1. Landscape management: Modifying the environment to make it less tick-friendly, for example, by clearing leaf litter, brush, and tall grasses around homes and recreational areas.
2. Chemical control: Using pesticides to kill ticks in the environment or on animals. This can include treating vegetation, animal feed and bedding, or using tick repellents on human skin or clothing.
3. Biological control: Using natural predators or pathogens of ticks to reduce their populations.
4. Personal protection: Using protective clothing, insect repellent, and other measures to prevent tick bites when spending time outdoors.
5. Public education: Informing the public about the risks associated with ticks and how to protect themselves, as well as the importance of reporting tick bites and removing ticks promptly and properly.

Tick control is an important aspect of preventing tick-borne diseases, which can have serious health consequences for humans and animals.

Myiasis is defined as the infestation of living tissues of humans and vertebrate animals by dipterous larvae, which, generally after hatching from eggs deposited on necrotic tissue or in body openings, feed on living or dead tissue, liquids, or ingested food. This condition can lead to various clinical manifestations depending upon the location and extent of infestation. It is most commonly found in warm, damp climates and among populations with poor hygiene or who have wounds that are left exposed.

Scabies is a contagious skin condition caused by the infestation of the human itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis). The female mite burrows into the upper layer of the skin, where it lays its eggs and causes an intensely pruritic (itchy) rash. The rash is often accompanied by small red bumps and blisters, typically found in areas such as the hands, wrists, elbows, armpits, waistline, genitals, and buttocks. Scabies is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual or through sharing of contaminated items like bedding or clothing. It can affect people of all ages, races, and socioeconomic backgrounds, but it is particularly common in crowded living conditions, nursing homes, and child care facilities. Treatment usually involves topical medications or oral drugs that kill the mites and their eggs, as well as thorough cleaning and laundering of bedding, clothing, and towels to prevent reinfestation.

Triatoma is a genus of insects in the family Reduviidae, also known as "kissing bugs" or "conenose bugs." These insects are called "kissing bugs" because they often bite humans around the mouth and face. They are found primarily in the Americas, ranging from the southern United States to Argentina.

Triatoma species are of medical importance because they can transmit a parasitic infection called Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) to humans through their feces. The parasite that causes Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is found in the bug's feces and can enter the human body through mucous membranes or breaks in the skin.

Chagas disease can cause serious health problems, including heart damage and digestive system complications, if left untreated. Therefore, it is important to take precautions to prevent Triatoma bites and seek medical attention promptly if bitten by one of these insects.

Bedbugs are small, wingless insects that belong to the family Cimicidae. The scientific name for the most common species of bedbug is Cimex lectularius. Adult bedbugs are oval-shaped, flat, and reddish-brown in color, while nymphs (immature bedbugs) are smaller, lighter in color, and translucent.

Bedbugs feed on the blood of humans and other warm-blooded animals, usually at night when their hosts are asleep. They are attracted to body heat and carbon dioxide exhaled by their hosts. Bedbug bites can cause itchy red welts or bumps on the skin, but they are not known to transmit any diseases.

Bedbugs can be found in a variety of places where people sleep or rest for extended periods, including homes, hotels, hostels, and college dormitories. They can hide in cracks and crevices in furniture, walls, floors, and bedding, making them difficult to detect and eliminate.

To prevent bedbug infestations, it is recommended to inspect second-hand furniture carefully before bringing it into your home, use protective encasements on mattresses and box springs, and avoid storing items under beds or near walls. If you suspect a bedbug infestation, contact a pest management professional for assistance.

There are two main categories of tick: soft ticks (family Argasidae) and hard ticks (family Ixodidae). A third tick family, ... For many years, the main way in which humans thought to control tick infestation was by the use of pesticides against ticks, ... The ticks that transmit Lyme disease are hard ticks. Ticks often have a preferred host, but may still attach to a different ... Dana, Ali N. (2009). "Diagnosis and treatment of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases with cutaneous manifestations". ...
... and Control of Flea and Tick Infestations."[citation needed] Roger W Stich, I. Craig Prior, "Recommendations from the Companion ... and Control of Flea and Tick Infestations". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 39 (6): 1173. doi: ... tick and flea transmitted zoonotic diseases affecting people and animals. Another publication on fleas and ticks that includes ... Animal Parasite Council CANINE ARTHROPODS: MITES & TICKS", TODAY'S VETERINARY PRACTICE, March 2015, online. Rebecca J. Straub ...
"Moose in New England face grisly deaths from tick infestations". Pri.org. March 18, 2017. Archived from the original on May 20 ... Moose with heavy tick infections will rub their fur down to the skin raw trying to get the ticks off, making them look white ... brain worms and winter tick infestations. Predation of moose calves by brown bear is also significant. Landscape change from ... "Evaluating moose Alces alces population response to infestation level of winter ticks Dermacentor albipictus". Wildlife Biology ...
The American mink often carries light tick and flea infestations. Tick species known to infest minks include Ixodes hexagonus, ...
Infestation with ticks can be extremely high. Up to 99% of three-toed sloths, and 86.7% of two-toed sloths have been recorded ... Most of the ticks were male (up to 83%) and the majority of sloths (60%) carried only male ticks. Three species of macrochelid ... Six species of ticks of the genus Amblyomma have been recorded from both two- and three-toed sloths in Central and South ... The tick Ambylomma varium have been recorded underneath the thighs of maned sloths (Bradypus torquatus) examined in the Poço ...
Tick infestation of P. siculus can be common in man-made habitats. Tick infestation is generally more pronounced in large males ... Tick load varies based on the type of environment that P. siculus inhabits. For example, females inhabiting traditionally- ... managed olive plantations have significantly higher tick loads than those residing in intensively-managed olive plantations. In ...
Winter tick infestations of moose have risen due to the warming climate. Hunters and biologists often find adult moose with ... Infestation eventually kills almost all hemlock trees, which are replaced by black oaks, black birch, and other hardwoods. ... Miller, Kevin (2022-05-18). "Winter ticks wiped out nearly 90% of the moose calves scientists tracked in part of Maine last ... Piscataquis and Somerset Counties by the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife died from winter tick infestations. ...
Helminth infections, as well as tick infestations are widespread in the species. Up to 11 flea species are known to infest the ...
MacLeod, John (1970). "Tick infestation patterns in the southern province of Zambia". Bulletin of Entomological Research. 60 (2 ... This tick is present on 80% of cattle, and individuals are hosts to over 1000 of this tick each. In one study, adult ticks were ... The zebra tick or yellow back tick (Rhipicephalus pulchellus) is a species of hard tick. It is common in the Horn of Africa, ... Bekele, T. (2002). "Studies on Seasonal Dynamics of Ticks of Ogaden Cattle and Individual Variation in Resistance to Ticks in ...
Sea snakes can have parasitic ticks, occasionally with heavy infestations. Wilson, Stephen K.; Swan, Gerry (2013). A Complete ...
... these treatments are used in fighting tick and flea infestations in dogs and cats. In New Zealand, fipronil was used in trials ... "Vet Strength Flea & Tick Treatments for Cats & Dogs , FRONTLINE". uk.frontline.com. Retrieved 26 June 2023. "Revive Rotoiti ...
In recent years the moose population has been suffering from infestations by ticks. Some moose have been found having as many ... Warmer winter weather in recent years has prevented the normal die-off of ticks from freezing. Silvio O. Conte National Fish ... as 10,000 ticks on one moose, thus causing death from both blood loss. ...
Probably owing to disturbance, tick infestation, or alteration in food supply, colonies frequently shift. It nests in secluded ...
Tick infestation is rare in the Australian raven, with Ixodes holocyclus and Amblyomma triguttatum recorded. Lice and ... hippoboscid flies have been recorded yet little-researched, and an infestation by the fly Passeromyia longicornis was recorded ...
Compared to some other bovids, blue wildebeest are resistant to infestations by several species of ticks. The blue wildebeest ... They can also spread ticks, lungworms, tapeworms, flies, and paramphistome flukes. An ancient carved slab of slate depicting an ... seven ixodid tick species, one mite, and the larvae of a tongue worm. Of these, most were more prevalent at some times of the ...
"Some observations on the sero-prevalence of heartwater and tick infestation in Zambian goats : research communication". ... The tick that carries the disease is thought to be capable of being transported by migratory birds from the Caribbean to at ... "Tick Biology and Control. ed. G.B. Whitehead and J.D. Gibson. 222 pages. Proceedings of an International Conference held in ... notes he recorded that a majority of the surrounding sheep died approximately three weeks after a large tick infestation was ...
Part 3: Arthropod Infestations (Ticks and Mites). Serv Publ Dep Hlth Vet Hyg 7: 68 Roberts FHS (1970) Australian Ticks. CSIRO, ... Tools include tick hooks, tick scoops, tick tweezers, and tick loops. These are usually inexpensive and often used in areas ... The primary treatment for tick paralysis is the careful administration of anti-tick serum. The effectiveness of anti-tick serum ... Look for more ticks (both on humans and on pets) Removing larval ticks Larval ticks are usually present in large numbers For ...
... they cause a lower rate of growth or of milk production compared to hosts without tick infestation. The feeding of soft ticks ... These ticks, commonly known as cattle ticks or blue ticks, have a highly characteristic morphology and one-host lifecycle. They ... the American dog tick; D. reticulatus, the ornate dog tick of Europe). D. nitens, the tropical horse tick of the Americas, has ... Infestations of ticks on certain individual animals of a herd of livestock animals can build up to very high levels. This ...
Infestations Reduces Blacklegged Tick (Acari: Ixodidae) Abundance and Infection Prevalence With Borrelia burgdorferi ( ... Tick numbers are higher in areas with thick barberry understories, as opposed to areas with controlled barberry or no barberry ... In one study, 280 ± 51 adult black-legged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, were found per hectare (113 ± 21/acre) in a barberry ... Zimmer, Carl (30 April 2013). "The Rise of the Tick". Williams, Scott C.; Ward, Jeffrey S.; Worthley, Thomas E.; Stafford, ...
... which is not effective against Hyalomma tick infestations.[clarification needed] Larvae of the camel nasal fly Cephalopsis ... In Israel, the number of ticks per camel ranged from 20 to 105. Nine camels in the date palm plantations in Arava Valley were ... Fleas and ticks are common causes of physical irritation. Hyalomma dromedarii is especially adapted to arid conditions, ... In a study in Egypt, H. dromedarii was dominant in dromedaries, comprising 95.6% of the adult ticks isolated from the camels. ...
... treat and control tick infestations with the lone star tick, Gulf Coast tick, American dog tick, black-legged tick, and brown ... is an ectoparasiticide veterinary medication for the treatment of flea and tick infestations in dogs. It is also used off-label ... It is used for prevention of heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis; treat and prevent flea infestations; ... as well as treating and preventing fleas and ticks. "Simparica". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 12 December ...
... one case of engorged adult and a case of extraordinary number of larval tick infestation". J. Dermatol. 27 (12): 774-7. doi: ... SFTS virus was detected from the tick larva. In 1993, Rickettsia sp. strain AT-1T was isolated from the ticks from Japan. " ... In 2010, a 74-year-old Korean woman was attacked by the tick, which is the first human case of Amblyomma bite from Korea. More ... Kim, J; Joo, HS; Moon, HJ; Lee, YJ (2010). "A Case of Amblyomma testudinarium Tick Bite in a Korean Woman". Korean J. Parasitol ...
This was unsuccessful however, due at least in part to the ticks' infestation of wildlife including whitetail (Odocoileus ... The Southern Cattle Tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) is invasive here. Populations here have also become highly permethrin ... "Tracking the Increase of Acaricide Resistance in an Invasive Population of Cattle Fever Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and ... "Biosurveillance and Research Needs Involving Area-Wide Systematic Active Sampling to Enhance Integrated Cattle Fever Tick ( ...
Gregoire, Arnaud; Faivre, Bruno; Heeb, Philipp; Cezilly, Frank (2002). "A comparison of infestation patterns by Ixodes ticks in ... and partly because ticks are likely to be commoner in rural areas, where a variety of tick hosts, such as foxes, deer and boar ... Although ixodid ticks can transmit pathogenic viruses and bacteria, and are known to transmit Borrelia bacteria to birds, there ... This is partly because it is more difficult for ticks to find another host on lawns and gardens in urban areas than in ...
"Tick infestation on roe deer in relation to geographic and remotely sensed climatic variables in a tick-borne encephalitis ... "Forest Structure and Roe Deer Abundance Predict Tick-Borne Encephalitis Risk in Italy". PLOS ONE. 4 (2): e4336. Bibcode: ...
... and oral medications are the most commonly used products to kill and prevent heartworm infection and flea or tick infestations ... are both spread by the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, and the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineous. One of the ... Fleas and ticks of various species can be acquired and brought home by a dog, where they can multiply and attack humans (and ... Tick-borne diseases are common in dogs. Lyme disease, or borreliosis, is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and spread by Ixodes ...
All quarantine efforts have been somewhat unsuccessful, due at least in part to the ticks' infestation of wildlife including ... The Southern Cattle Tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) is invasive here. Populations here have also become highly permethrin ... "Tracking the Increase of Acaricide Resistance in an Invasive Population of Cattle Fever Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and ... "Biosurveillance and Research Needs Involving Area-Wide Systematic Active Sampling to Enhance Integrated Cattle Fever Tick ( ...
The bacteria Wolbachia is symbiotic with the wasp, and its presence in ticks is a possible indicator of infestation by tick ... Ixodiphagus hookeri, the tick wasp, is an encyrtid wasp which lays its eggs into ticks. It seems to use a symbiotic bacteria, ... The wasp larvae then exist as koinobiont parasitoids in the tick for 28 to 70 days before emerging. Ticks from the genera ... In Europe, Ixodes ricinus appears to be the preferred species and the marsh tick Dermacentor reticulatus is not used as a host ...
In Zimbabwe, heavy infestation by ticks such as R. appendiculatus has proved to be a major cause behind the high mortality of ... probably because these parts show maximum tick infestation. The bird has also been observed to perch on the udders of a female ... defence against ticks and symbiotic relationship with the tick-feeding oxpeckers could have played a role in preventing major ... A possible explanation for this could be that because the impala inhabits woodlands (which can have a high density of ticks), ...
As most flea spot-ons it controls existing flea and tick infestations in about 1 to 2 days, and provides about 4 weeks ... Pyriprole (trade name Prac-tic) is for veterinary use on dogs against external parasites such as fleas and ticks. Pyriprole is ... Pyriprole applied as a spot-on is highly effective against fleas and several ticks species. Efficacy against fleas is ... Insecticidal efficacy duration against new infestations with fleas persists for a minimum of four weeks. The substance can be ...
There are two main categories of tick: soft ticks (family Argasidae) and hard ticks (family Ixodidae). A third tick family, ... For many years, the main way in which humans thought to control tick infestation was by the use of pesticides against ticks, ... The ticks that transmit Lyme disease are hard ticks. Ticks often have a preferred host, but may still attach to a different ... Dana, Ali N. (2009). "Diagnosis and treatment of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases with cutaneous manifestations". ...
Baja Californias health department has begun fumigating entire neighborhoods as it tries to stop a tick and bedbug infestation ... And according to Medina Amarillas, several cities in the state of Sinaloa find themselves in the midst of a bedbug and tick ... State of Baja California worker sprays a home near downtown Tijuana to eradicate ticks and bedbugs in the area.(Courtesy: Baja ... State of Baja California worker sprays a home near downtown Tijuana to eradicate ticks and bedbugs in the area.(Courtesy: Baja ...
A sustainable strategy to control tick-infestation is to breed for genetically robust animals. In order to use selection to ... A comparison of nonlinear mixed models and response to selection of tick-infestation on lambs. ... A comparison of nonlinear mixed models and response to selection of tick-infestation on lambs. ... A comparison of nonlinear mixed models and response to selection of tick-infestation on lambs ...
Also use the yard sprays fequently to avoid infestation of ticks. ... Make sure your pet avoids sitting in grassy areas, or wet woody surfaces, to reduce the chances of picking up ticks. In ... Nevertheless, always keep your yard well mowed and clear of woodpiles, leaves, and other debris to reduce the tick population. ... It is helpful to use products that will help repel ticks your pet might pick up. ...
What are Ticks and Why are They Harmful to Your Pet: 6 Facts about Tick Infestations. * ... To prevent tick infestations, you need to be alert throughout the year. This involves avoiding areas with high tick populations ... What are Ticks and Why are They Harmful to Your Pet: 6 Facts about Tick Infestations ... Regularly checking your pet for ticks is the best way to prevent an infestation, as well as using tick-preventative medication ...
How? Learn how to deal with your tick infestation here. ... If youre dealing with frequent ticks in your home, you need to ... Do You Have a Tick Infestation?. If you have a tick infestation its important that you get it dealt with as soon as possible. ... Most of the time we dont see ticks and can happily ignore them. All that changes if you have a tick infestation in your home. ... If you find ticks, use tweezers to hold the tick as close to the skin as possible, and pull upwards until the tick comes free. ...
Posts about tick infestation written by nicole mendoza ... Flea & Tick prevention. Flea & Tick prevention: talk with your ...
This study analyzes under endemic tick infestation, the incidence of the pour-on application pattern on the plasma levels of ... During the entire study, cow-calf pairs were maintained under field conditions and qualitatively examined for tick infestation ... No animals with presence of ticks were identified during the first 117 days of the study, except for three cows and one calf at ... Both treatments (long and short) schemes were designed to prevent the annual persistence of ticks. ...
You might be thinking that the house is just a big bug zapper, but its actually a tick infestation. These tiny, hard-shelled ...
Tick Research Unit.. Material type: Text; Format: print Publication details: Grahamstown, South Africa : Tick Research Unit, ... Tick biology and control / edited by G. B. Whitehead and J. D. Gibson. by Whitehead, G. B , Gibson, J. D , Rhodes University. ... Tick-borne diseases and their vectors : proceedings of an international conference held in Edinburgh from the 27th September to ...
Neither of these pests is desirable in your home and both fleas and ticks can carry diseases. ... If you want to avoid having fleas and ticks in your home then you need to work together as a family. ... The following five tips can help to prevent flea and tick infestations, it revolves around keeping these pests out of your home ... Home » 5 Tips The Whole Family Should Know To Prevent Flea & Tick Infestations ...
The scientists have reported on the states first known established population of Asian longhorned ticks, and are now ... A species of exotic tick arrived in Ohio in 2021 in such huge numbers that their feeding frenzy on a southeastern farm left ... Pasture infestation estimated to exceed 1 million Asian longhorned ticks. Date:. November 3, 2023. Source:. Ohio State ... Bat Tick Found for the First Time in New Jersey. Sep. 9, 2020 A tick species associated with bats has been reported for the ...
... , lady beetles ... Fleas, ticks, bed bugs, argentine ants, carpenter ants, cockroaches, crickets, fire ants, spiders (including brown recluse and ...
... intensity and risk factors of tick infestation of cattle in Ndjamena Chad ... compared to the female ticks and other tick species, respectively. Co-infestations of various tick combinations were widespread ... The study was carried out to characterize ticks species and determine the prevalence and risk factors tick infestation of ... Prevalence, intensity and risk factors of tick infestation of cattle in Ndjamena Chad. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husbandry 2020;5(4): ...
The Invisible Invitation: How Your Habits Might Be Attracting Flea and Tick Infestations ...
Total tick infestation was 49.1%, with a heights percentage of 80% was noticed in Al-Kabat. Three species of hard ticks were ... Buffaloes reared in Al-Shalalate and Al-Kabate showed 100% lice infestation, sucking lice H. tuberculatus was diagnosed by ... Results showed that the total percentage of lice infestation was 48.63%, particularly blood sucking lice Haematopinus ... The current study included examination of 1525 buffaloes from (11) districts in Mosul city for detection of lice and ticks. ...
... its important to know how to prevent ticks from infesting your dog, yard and home ... its important to know how to prevent ticks from infesting your dog, yard and home ... If you spend a lot of time outdoors in tick-infested areas, ... If you spend a lot of time outdoors in tick-infested areas, ... There are two types of ticks: hard ticks and soft ticks.. About Hard Ticks. Hard ticks have a hard shield-like plate on their ...
The main goal of this study was to determine the relative abundance of Amblyomma tick infestations in relation to the ... Five Ixodid tick species, of which the majority were immature ticks, were collected from the goats (n = 117) in Mnisi ( ... The relative abundance of Amblyomma tick infestations in relation to the prevalence of heartwater (Ehrlichia ruminantium ... Indigenous goats belonging to small-scale farmers in Mnisi (Mpumalanga), South Africa, were sampled for ticks during the period ...
Take measures to prevent flea or tick infestations. Several bacterial and viral infections are spread by fleas and ticks. Dogs ... Permethrin-treated bedding can decrease the risk of flea and tick infestations. ...
... with tick-borne diseases prevalence showing an emerging pattern. One of these ticks, Rhipicephalus rossicus, which is reported ... Changes in the distribution of tick species are among the major causes for the increase in prevalence of zoonotic diseases ... Ticks were collected from dogs in 5 distinct locations, with 1068 ticks of 6 species found. R. rossicus had a dominant ... with tick-borne diseases prevalence showing an emerging pattern. One of these ticks, Rhipicephalus rossicus, which is reported ...
How do I deal with tick infestation of my three-year-old Pug, Simba?. By dnp-team On Sep 18, 2022. ... A generalised tick life cycle consists of egg, larva, nymph and adult. Ticks lay their eggs (as many as 18,000 in some species ... How do I deal with tick infestation of my three-year-old Pug, Simba?. ... How do I deal with tick infestation of my three-year-old Pug, Simba? ...
Flea Infestation Prevention and Treatment,6-Month Supply and other products can be found at EntirelyPets Rx, the #1 source for ... and treats and controls tick infestations [Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick), Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick), ... Home , Heartworm, Flea & Tick Protection , Credelio (lotilaner) , Credelio for Dogs 12.1-25 lbs.,Tick & Flea Infestation ... Tick and flea treatment & infestation prevention for dogs 12.1 to 25.0 lbs., at least 8 weeks of age ...
Control mite and tick infestations. ... Mites and ticks often carry bacteria that can cause mouth ...
We evaluated flea and tick protection for large and small dogs from Seresto, Wondercide, and more. ... Our pet expert reviewed the best tick collars for dogs. ... Some collars can eradicate an existing tick infestation, while ... Q: Do tick collars need to be worn all the time?. Your dog should wear a tick collar at all times during tick season, whatever ... The Adams Flea and Tick Collar is effective at killing and preventing ticks. When used properly, it can keep ticks away for up ...
INFESTATION WITH BORRELIA GENUS BACTERIA AND TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN KIROV REGION ... DYNAMICS OF TICKS INFESTATION WITH BORRELIA GENUS BACTERIA AND TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN KIROV REGION. ... Home , Archives , Vol 7, No 2 (2017) , DYNAMICS OF TICKS INFESTATION WITH BORRELIA GENUS BACTERIA AND TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS ... tick-borne encephalitis virus, tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease), Borrelia burgdoferi s.l., Ixodida ticks, identification, ...
Displaced animals may be treated with pesticides to reduce and prevent flea and tick infestations. Health and safety ...
Prevents ticks infestations within 48 hours after application. *Water-resistant and will continue to work even if wet or dirty ... Flea & Tick Flea & Tick Prevention Flea Pills & Oral Medications Heartworm & Flea Prevention Home & Yard Treatments View All ... Flea & Tick Flea & Tick Prevention Flea Pills & Oral Medications Heartworm & Flea Prevention Home & Yard Treatments View All ... Odor-free compared to older-generation flea and tick collars. *Safety release mechanism prevents strangulation if the collar ...
Categories: Tick Infestations Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted ...
104 And moose are increasingly influenced by heavy winter tick infestations.105 ... H. Jones et al., "Mortality Assessment of Moose (Alces Alces) Calves During Successive Years of Winter Tick (Dermacentor ...
  • It kills both fleas and ticks for up to six full months. (healthypets.com)
  • Fleas and ticks are a nuisance for sure, especially if you have pets and livestock. (coastalcountry.com)
  • To help you eliminate those pests, we've listed out today's best control options as well as some tips to keep fleas and ticks from taking over your homestead. (coastalcountry.com)
  • At Oakland Vet Hospital in Oregon's Umpqua Valley, Gene Koo Kang, DVM takes fleas and ticks seriously. (coastalcountry.com)
  • Veterinarians throughout the Northwest urge pet owners to treat for the fleas and ticks they see, as well as the ones they don't. (coastalcountry.com)
  • The options to treat fleas and ticks are varied. (coastalcountry.com)
  • While it is possible for fleas and ticks to develop resistance to insecticides, experts recommend re-reading the manufacturer dosage instructions. (coastalcountry.com)
  • Another issue is that pet owners begin treating for fleas and ticks after their pet, home, and yard are infested. (coastalcountry.com)
  • To really defeat fleas and ticks, start treating for them before you see them. (coastalcountry.com)
  • You'll find everything you need to remove fleas and ticks from your world at your nearby Coastal Farm & Ranch. (coastalcountry.com)
  • Several bacterial and viral infections are spread by fleas and ticks. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Q: We are finding a lot of fleas and ticks on our dog and two cats. (farragutpress.com)
  • Fleas and ticks are abundant right now. (farragutpress.com)
  • These products kill fleas and ticks within six to 24 hours, depending on the product. (farragutpress.com)
  • This can help reduce the flea population, but it's very difficult to eliminate everything, and wildlife still will carry more fleas and ticks into the yard. (farragutpress.com)
  • Vet Kem on-animal product for complete control of fleas and ticks. (entirelypets.com)
  • Contains deltamethrin-protects dogs and controls fleas and ticks for up to 6 months. (almosthomerescue.org)
  • Kills and repels fleas and ticks, plus prevents flea eggs from hatching for 7 months. (almosthomerescue.org)
  • Works immediately for safe, effective protection againsts fleas and ticks. (almosthomerescue.org)
  • Canada has highly variable distribution and abundance of fleas and ticks due to climate variations across the country. (drugs.com)
  • This once-a-month tablet gives you an easy, reliable way to protect your pup from fleas and ticks. (goodnewsforpets.com)
  • For best results, treat your pet with a product registered for that use, such as Vet-Kem® Flea, Tick and Bot Spray or other similar on-animal products for complete control of fleas and ticks. (petrx.com)
  • BRAVECTO 1-Month (Fluralaner) is a tasty chewable tablet for the treatment and control of fleas and ticks in dogs and puppies 8 weeks of age and older and weighing 4.4 lbs or greater. (medi-vet.com)
  • BRAVECTO for Puppies protects them from fleas and ticks all month long. (medi-vet.com)
  • Simparica ® for dogs is a flea and tick pill that kills adult fleas and is used for the treatment and prevention of flea infestations and the treatment and control of tick infestations (lone star tick, Gulf Coast tick, American dog tick, black-legged tick and brown dog tick) for one month. (revivalanimal.com)
  • Pathogen-free Ixodes scapularis (black-legged tick) female and male adults were housed and fed a blood meal inoculated with a 10 -3 dilution of CWD-positive brain (10 6 ng). (news-medical.net)
  • BRAVECTO 1-Month kills fleas, prevents flea infestations, and kills ticks (black-legged tick, American dog tick, and brown dog tick) for 4 weeks. (medi-vet.com)
  • There are two main categories of tick: soft ticks (family Argasidae) and hard ticks (family Ixodidae). (wikipedia.org)
  • Kinetics and cross-species comparisons of host antibody responses to lone star ticks and American dog ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). (nih.gov)
  • Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks. (bvsalud.org)
  • An example of these concepts can be found in the deer tick, known to transmit Lyme disease to humans in the US. (wikipedia.org)
  • Humans are not the preferred natural host, but the adult ticks, containing the bacterium known to cause Lyme disease, can attach to humans and allow for transmission of the bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
  • For many years, the main way in which humans thought to control tick infestation was by the use of pesticides against ticks, called acaricides. (wikipedia.org)
  • A vaccine for humans to prevent tick-borne encephalitis was approved by the CDC in 2021 for use in the US. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Some of the best preventive measures for humans to avoid infestation, outside of using pesticidal bug sprays, include avoidance, appropriate clothes, and skin checks after potential tick encounters. (wikipedia.org)
  • While there are many species of ticks throughout the world, only a few are known to cause problems to humans and pets in North America. (healthypets.com)
  • An infestation of Lone Star ticks, which can cause meat allergies in the humans they bite, is a 'matter of when', according to a US newspaper report. (veganfoodandliving.com)
  • The Lone Star Tick has been known to cause meat allergies in humans. (animalagricultureclimatechange.org)
  • Understanding of the animal antibody response to tick salivary gland proteins is necessary to identify candidate antibodies that may have use as species- and feeding-duration-specific biomarkers of tick exposure in humans. (nih.gov)
  • CCHF spreads to humans either by tick bites, or through contact with affected animal tissues immediately after slaughter. (who.int)
  • These include instances where the infestations can be traced to pet canaries, pigeons and nests of other wild birds or in which the death of the bird host or its departure from the nest instigated the attack on humans. (ufl.edu)
  • It can transmit a broad spectrum of pathogens to both animals and humans, with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.). being among the most relevant disease agents in Europe for public health. (springer.com)
  • Different mammals can act as asymptomatic hosts of CCHF virus, which can be transmitted to humans through tick bites and contact with animal blood. (who.int)
  • The kinetics of the humoral immune response of rabbits to challenge feeding by 2 tick species [Amblyomma americanum (L.) and Dermacentor variabilis (Say)] was characterized by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot. (nih.gov)
  • Ixodid ticks from the Northern Hemisphere have registered a northward expansion in recent years, and Dermacentor reticulatus is such an example in Europe, its expansion being considered a result of climate change alongside other factors. (springer.com)
  • Dermacentor reticulatus is the second most commonly encountered tick species in Central Europe after I. ricinus, having a distribution that extends from 9° W (Portugal) to 88° E (western Siberia) and within the latitude range of 34-60° N [ 11 ]. (springer.com)
  • Officially called the Amblyomma americanum, the tick is known more colloquially as the Lone Star, in reference to the Texas-shaped white marking on its back. (veganfoodandliving.com)
  • C. felis is transmitted by the Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) that feeds on an infected bobcat then transmits the organism to another bobcat, or to a pet cat. (bigcatrescue.org)
  • Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) next to mosquitoes are involved in the transmission of a variety of disease pathogens of public health and veterinary importance since time immemorial. (hindawi.com)
  • The ticks that transmit Lyme disease are hard ticks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ticks do not just bite and cause red bumps that make your pet itchy, they can also transmit dangerous diseases like malaria, heartworms, West Nile Virus, and Lyme disease. (healthypets.com)
  • Some of the most common tick-borne diseases are Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever , and Ehrlichiosis. (healthypets.com)
  • Ticks can spread Lyme disease through their bite. (superdpest.com)
  • Surveillance measures for human cases of Lyme disease in Wisconsin were compared and associated with tick distribution and vegetation coverage. (nih.gov)
  • A geographic information system (GIS) was used to map distributions of human Lyme disease cases, ticks, and degree of vegetation cover. (nih.gov)
  • A map delineating the counties with highest risk for Lyme disease transmission was generated based on numbers of exposed human cases and tick concentrations. (nih.gov)
  • I have Lyme disease and never even saw a rash nor did I see a tick. (babycenter.com)
  • Ticks that are already out and about are the visible adult, sesame-sized ones, noted Kristen Nordlund of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (healthypets.com)
  • Tick prevention in pets is very important in areas where there is exposure. (healthypets.com)
  • It takes more than one dose of flea and tick prevention to fix the problem. (coastalcountry.com)
  • Presented in a highly palatable, chewable tablets, Bravecto delivers flea and tick prevention in a single, easy-to-administer dose that lasts up to 12 weeks. (365vet.co.uk)
  • Revolution® (Selamectin) is also used on dogs for the treatment or prevention of fleas, the American Dog Tick, ear mites, and canine sarcoptic mange. (1800petmeds.com)
  • Revolt kills adult fleas and prevents flea eggs from hatching for one month and is indicated for the prevention and control of flea infestations ( Ctenocephalides felis ), prevention of heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis , and the treatment and control of ear mite ( Otodectes cynotis ) infestations. (nih.gov)
  • Monthly Simparica Trio prevents heartworm disease, kills adult fleas and is indicated for the treatment and prevention of flea infestations, the treatment and control of tick infestations, and the treatment and control of roundworm and adult hookworm infections in dogs and puppies 8 weeks of age and older, and weighing 2.8 pounds or greater. (chewy.com)
  • Simparica kills adult fleas, and is indicated for the treatment and prevention of flea infestations, and the treatment and control of tick infestations from lone star ticks, Gulf Coast ticks, American dog tick, black-legged ticks and brown dog ticks for one month in dogs 6months of age or older and weighing at least 2.8 pounds. (goodnewsforpets.com)
  • They have an unusually long lifespan, which not only perpetuates the ticks, but also the pathogens they may carry, making it considerably more difficult to control these diseases. (healthypets.com)
  • Do Ticks Spread Diseases? (superdpest.com)
  • Ticks are ecto-parasites that carry Lymes disease, Ehrilicia, Rocky Mountain Spotted fever, Babesiosis, Tick paralysis, zoonotic diseases and provide a vector for human diseases. (waterlooanimalhospital.com)
  • The factors governing their distribution and epidemiological significance in the transmission of various tick-borne diseases of public health importance are discussed. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the studies on tick-borne diseases gained momentum in the world after the outbreak of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in the United States during the second half of the nineteenth century. (hindawi.com)
  • Increasing public health concern over tick-borne diseases in recent years necessitates strategic control of ticks on animals that transmit diseases to human beings. (hindawi.com)
  • In view of the above, a comprehensive study has been undertaken on the ectoparasitic ticks on domestic animals and their vertical distribution in Nilgiri hills and its surroundings and their probable role in the transmission of various diseases of public health importance. (hindawi.com)
  • In the U.S. ticks, unlike mites, transmit many serious diseases. (ufl.edu)
  • Dogs are particularly susceptible to ticks - and thus tick-borne diseases - because they spend a lot of time outdoors and are low to the ground where ticks live. (purinaproclub.com)
  • With tick-borne diseases that isn't always easy. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Kidd's study will determine if comprehensive testing for tick-borne diseases using serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening, and testing more than one sample, makes it possible to detect infection in dogs that otherwise would be overlooked. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Adam Birkenheuer, D.V.M., Ph.D., DACVIM, associate professor of internal medicine and director of the Vector Borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, says, "There is no perfect test for tick-borne diseases. (purinaproclub.com)
  • To further complicate matters, ticks often transmit multiple diseases simultaneously. (purinaproclub.com)
  • We're supporting small-scale cattle producers in Uganda and Nigeria by implementing strategies to effectively manage tick infestations and the impact of tick-borne diseases. (elanco.com)
  • Been bitten by a Lone Star tick? (veganfoodandliving.com)
  • BRAVECTO 1-Month also kills lone star ticks for 1 month in dogs and puppies 6 months of age and older. (medi-vet.com)
  • BRAVECTO is not effective against lone star ticks beyond 8 weeks of dosing. (medi-vet.com)
  • The graphic range of the tick vectors. (cdc.gov)
  • A report by Pattnaik (2006) indicates the increasing number of KFD cases in Karnataka and necessitates the strategic control of tick vectors [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A one-year study, funded by the AKC Canine Health Foundation, is investigating how undetected infections that are transmitted by tick and flea vectors may contribute to immune-mediated conditions, such as hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia (low blood platelets) and/or joint pain. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Because cervids can carry significant tick infestations and exhibit allogrooming, a common tick defense technique between conspecifics, the presence of PrP CWD in the blood may constitute a danger for indirect transmission via hematophagous ectoparasites functioning as mechanical vectors. (news-medical.net)
  • The unique presentation treats a broad spectrum of ticks and breaks the life cycle of the flea with its persistent adulticide activity. (365vet.co.uk)
  • For flea/tick infestations, a single can treats 2,000 square feet. (petrx.com)
  • For now our plan is to treat his severe internal parasite infestation and after he puts on some weight to sedate him for further evaluation. (bigcatrescue.org)
  • Ticks can cause disease states unrelated to their ability to transmit pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ticks transmit disease-causing agents, several of which have risen to epidemic proportions. (healthypets.com)
  • That there has been changes to where ticks are located, and also, what they transmit, or at least what we know about what they transmit. (cdc.gov)
  • Since ticks do not usually transmit disease until 24 to 48 hours after attachment, owners can help prevent illness by promptly removing ticks. (purinaproclub.com)
  • The distribution and abundance of ticks were examined in an intensively used, peri-urban park. (nih.gov)
  • First the seasonal and spatial distribution and abundance of ticks in various habitat types were quantified by blanket dragging. (nih.gov)
  • A study has been undertaken during 2008-2010 on the distribution and abundance of ticks of domestic animals in seven different biotopes. (hindawi.com)
  • Ornithodoros species of ticks belong to the Argasidae (soft tick) family that feeds nocturnally. (cdc.gov)
  • It is a pleasant-smelling water-based Dip concentrate that kills and repels fleas, ticks, lice, gnats, mosquitoes and flies. (healthypets.com)
  • Selamectin also redistributes into the skin from the bloodstream and kills adult fleas, American dog ticks, and ear mites, and prevents flea eggs from hatching. (1800petmeds.com)
  • Vet Kem Siphotrol Plus Spray (24 fl oz) kills adult fleas, ticks, cockroaches, silverfish, earwigs and ants on contact. (entirelypets.com)
  • Vetkem Carpet and Premise Spray kills adult fleas, hatching flea eggs, and ticks. (entirelypets.com)
  • K9 Advantix II for dogs protects against fleas, ticks and mosquitoes. (healthypets.com)
  • Unlike most pests that bite, such as fire ants or mosquitoes , ticks remain attached to their host. (superdpest.com)
  • Here, we challenged rabbits with repeated feeding of both Ixodes ricinus nymphs and adults and observed the formation of specific antibodies against several tick salivary proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Altogether 1174 questing ticks were collected: 760 Ixodes ricinus , 326 D. reticulatus and 88 Haemaphysalis concinna . (springer.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Community-based interventions using an integrated approach to control brown dog ticks can diminish the morbidity and mortality attributable to RMSF. (cdc.gov)
  • The Preventic Tick Collar for dogs differs from most collars by releasing its compsounds by contact to the skin of your pet and then dispersing for whole body protection. (healthypets.com)
  • A potent, triple strength shampoo with synergized pyrethrins to effectively control severe flea and tick infestations on dogs, and fleas on cats. (healthypets.com)
  • Tick infestation of dogs was a relatively frequent occurrence with, on average, one case of tick attachment reported per year for a dog walked once per week, but for some dogs walked daily, infestation 4-5 times per week was reported. (nih.gov)
  • Bravecto Tablets for Extra Larg Dogs are an innovative method of controlling and preventing flea and tick infestations in dogs. (365vet.co.uk)
  • The disease is spread by bedbugs, mites and ticks carried by cats and dogs especially stray animals. (mytwintiers.com)
  • To minimize the likelihood of flea re-infestation, it is important to treat all cats and dogs within a household with an approved flea product. (drugs.com)
  • CDC, our planners, and their spouses and partners, wish to disclose they have no financial interest or other relationships with the manufacturers of commercial products, buyers of commercial services, or commercial supporters, except Dr. Little would like to disclose that she has received research funding in the past 12 months from multiple animal health companies that manufacture tick control products for dogs and cats. (cdc.gov)
  • Undiagnosed tick-borne infections in dogs with suspected immune-mediated disease may lead to treatment failure and the exacerbation of disease. (purinaproclub.com)
  • The dogs were in desperate need of veterinary care for severe flea and tick infestation, wounds and infection. (sharpeirescue.com)
  • During 2009-2015, there were 61 RMSF cases and 23 deaths in a single community of Sonora (Community A). METHODS: An integrated intervention was carried out from March-November 2016 aimed at reducing tick populations with long-acting acaricidal collars on dogs, environmental acaricides applied to peri-domestic areas and RMSF education. (cdc.gov)
  • Tick levels were measured by inspection of community dogs to monitor efficacy of the intervention. (cdc.gov)
  • By comparison, the percentage of tick-infested dogs in Community B decreased from 19% to 13.4% (p=0.36) and two cases were reported, including one death. (cdc.gov)
  • A total of 6,012 adult and immature ticks belonging to 12 species (11 ixodid and one argasid) were collected. (hindawi.com)
  • Female ticks can lay up to 22,000 eggs in a single egg-laying event. (healthypets.com)
  • A tick can live for up to three years and can lay thousands of eggs at a time, but will die immediately afterward. (coastalcountry.com)
  • VetKem Fogger enables you to fill the entire room while you are away to kill adult fleas, hatching flea eggs and ticks. (entirelypets.com)
  • Using a preventative treatment will help to stop fleas from getting on your dog in the first place, and it will also help to break the flea life cycle so that they can't lay eggs and continue the infestation. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Simparica Trio is the first and only product that combines sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel in each treatment to help prevent heartworm disease, kill fleas before they can lay eggs, kill 5 types of ticks, treat and prevent flea infestations and treat and control roundworms and hookworms. (chewy.com)
  • These are the primary areas where fleas, their eggs, and ticks are found. (petrx.com)
  • Changes in serum gamma globulin levels, numbers of replete female ticks and engorged tick mass were used as parameters to monitor the acquired immune response (antibody mediated immune response) elicited by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations. (up.ac.za)
  • Three consecutive Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations were applied to South African Indigenous goats (Nguni), Saanen goats and cross-bred goats (Saanen goats crossed with South African Indigenous goats [Nguni]) under laboratory conditions. (up.ac.za)
  • During the three consecutive Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations the serum gamma globulin levels increased in all three breeds, whilst the mean replete female tick numbers and engorged tick mass decreased. (up.ac.za)
  • Among various tick species recorded in the study, Boophilus microplus was distributed in almost all areas surveyed followed by Haemaphysalis spinigera and Rhipicephalus sanguineus . (hindawi.com)
  • Serious skin infections such as cellulitis can set in due to the tissue damage from tick attachment. (wikipedia.org)
  • We're including ticks in this campaign so we can avoid further infections," he said. (mytwintiers.com)
  • We are delighted to welcome you to today's webinar, The Changing Distribution of Ticks and Tickborne Infections. (cdc.gov)
  • At the conclusion of today's session, you will be able to describe some of the drivers that have resulted in the increase in geographic expansion of tick populations in North America, identify regions where certain tickborne infections are likely to emerge or increase in prevalence, and describe strategies to prevent infections in individuals and communities. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Little is a Regents Professor and the Krull-Ewing Endowed Chair in Veterinary Parasitology at Oklahoma State University, where she teaches veterinary students and oversees the research program focused on ticks and tickborne infections. (cdc.gov)
  • She has been active in research on ticks and tickborne infections in North America for more than 20 years and has received numerous awards for teaching and research. (cdc.gov)
  • A veterinarian should use a combination of historical information, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, and how well a dog responds to treatment to support or refute tick-borne infections. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Furthermore, using the estimated quantity of PrP CWD seeding substance in the samples concerning the experimentally established per-tick infectious dose (ID50) for a comparable quantity of material within the brain, the team calculated whether prion levels found among ticks from freely roaming deer could cause infections. (news-medical.net)
  • The order Acarina (class Arachnida) includes mites and ticks. (ufl.edu)
  • Larval mites and ticks have three pairs of legs, whereas nymphs and adults have four pairs. (ufl.edu)
  • It may be necessary to treat your house and yard to completely control ticks and fleas. (coastalcountry.com)
  • Fortunately, Super D Pest Control is very effective in getting rid of your fleas and tick infestation. (superdpest.com)
  • If you think you have fleas or ticks in your home, call Super D Pest Control and we will have an technician to your home within 24 hours to examine the issue. (superdpest.com)
  • Are Ticks Hard To Control? (superdpest.com)
  • We are experts at flea and tick control and are here to help serve you and keep your family safe. (superdpest.com)
  • When given as directed by your vet, the active ingredient in Bravecto, Fluralaner, helps to bring infestations under control. (365vet.co.uk)
  • Tick biology and control / edited by G. B. Whitehead and J. D. Gibson. (who.int)
  • And we will provide farmers across the region with learning resources, including an innovative mobile app for tick control and addressing tick resistance. (elanco.com)
  • I really enjoy the opportunity to be part of the COCA outreach, and I was delighted when I was invited to talk about changing distribution of ticks and tickborne disease agents, because this is something we've really had to come to terms with in North America. (cdc.gov)
  • Habitat, and we've changed the habitat in North America in many areas in a way that is more tick friendly. (cdc.gov)
  • While the precise mechanism that causes the meat allergy is not yet definitively understood, scientists believe it could be the result of the tick bite 'reprogramming' the immune system, creating an allergy to a meat-based sugar called galactose- alpha -1,3-galactose. (veganfoodandliving.com)
  • Speaking about the tick to Ksat.com , Robert Valet, MD, Allergist/Immunologist, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, said: "This is really the first example of a food allergy being driven by an exposure to something else like an insect bite. (veganfoodandliving.com)
  • Ornithodoros tick bite (2). (cdc.gov)
  • The incubation period for CCHF following a tick bite is usually 1 to 3 days or 5 to 6 days following contact with blood or tissues. (who.int)
  • The detailed data of the infection levels at each location could be useful in assessing the risk of pathogen acquisition following a tick bite. (springer.com)
  • The course of clinical disease is often swift with clinical signs of lethargy and inappetence within 5 to 20 days after the tick bite. (bigcatrescue.org)
  • After ticks hatch, they seek a host, feed for several days, then drop off and become nymphal ticks, which repeat the same process to become adult ticks. (healthypets.com)
  • Infestation can cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe and may even cause death. (wikipedia.org)
  • In China and Japan, it transmits the severe fever with throm- sampling of grass or other vegetation using cloth drags or flags* bocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), which causes a human or carbon dioxide-baited tick traps. (cdc.gov)
  • In severe infestations, I know families that have had to call exterminators to treat the interior and exterior of the home. (farragutpress.com)
  • Breakaway Flea & Tick Collar for Cats design allows a cat to free itself if its collar catches on a fixed object. (healthypets.com)
  • Yes cats can bring ticks inside. (babycenter.com)
  • Are your cats on flea and tick preventatives? (babycenter.com)
  • Cytauxzoon felis is a protozoal organism transmitted to domestic cats by tick bites, and whose natural reservoir host is the bobcat. (bigcatrescue.org)
  • This has been especially important in the context of ticks that infested cattle. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the tick species infesting cattle, sheep and goats and their seasonal activities in the Burdur area of Turkey. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • During the study period, a total of 3280 (3073 adults and 207 nymphs) ticks were collected from cattle, sheep and goats (863, 1846 and 571, respectively). (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • During the 12 month period of this study, tick infestation rates were determined to be 21.8%, 25.4% and 15.8% in cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • The highest tick species infestation rate (R. turanicus, R. bursa, D. niveus, I. ricinus, H.a. excavatum and O. lahorensis) was observed in April and May on sheep, whereas the lowest was during winter on cattle (Boo.annulatus) and sheep (O. lahorensis). (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Increasing abundances of tick populations in urban and peri-urban environments, such as parks, are of particular concern. (nih.gov)
  • In these sites, suitable habitat, wildlife hosts, tick populations, people and their pets may be brought into close proximity and hence may provide foci for tick infestation and, ultimately, disease transmission. (nih.gov)
  • The small but dangerous winter tick, which has already devastated moose populations across New England and the upper Midwestern US, is now in Canada's Yukon and Northwest Territories and threatening to enter Alaska. (truthout.org)
  • There's not any one reason that we're seeing this shift, but we certainly know about drivers for tick populations and how that influences just the number of ticks that are out there in the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • So things like climate and seasonality play a large role in contributing to tick populations, tick questing behavior, and therefore, transmission to people. (cdc.gov)
  • Then wildlife populations, of course, influence tick numbers. (cdc.gov)
  • Tick populations are at an all-time high this year, experts say. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Increases in the abundance and distribution of ticks and tick borne disease (TBD) within Europe have been reported extensively over the last 10-20 years. (nih.gov)
  • Much as bacteria can become resistant to antibiotic, Ticks can gain resistance to acaricides, rendering them effective at preventing infestation. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a global leader in acaricides (products that kill ticks and mites), Elanco is bringing a comprehensive portfolio of acaricides in affordable small pack sizes, which better fit the needs of Ugandan livestock producers with smaller herds. (elanco.com)
  • The adult deer tick attaches to its namesake, but the deer does not carry the bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ticks were found predominantly in woodland, woodland edge and deer park areas and were least abundant in mown grassland. (nih.gov)
  • Tick distribution in 46 of 72 Wisconsin counties was mapped based on collections by researchers, statewide surveys of infested deer, and submissions from the public. (nih.gov)
  • A few of the tick species, the adults, really prefer to feed on white tail deer. (cdc.gov)
  • In a recent study published in the Scientific Reports Journal, researchers combined experimental tick feeding with tick evaluations from wild white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) to determine whether ticks may contain transmission-relevant amounts of chronic wasting disease (CWD)-associated prions (PrP CWD ). (news-medical.net)
  • Subsequently, ear tissue and ticks attached to hunter-harvested, wild white-tailed deer were obtained. (news-medical.net)
  • RT-QuIC mean AFRs were obtained from the deer for the three types of sample types (pooled tick specimens, ear tissues, and lymph nodes) to determine correlations in the AFRs (i.e., whether deer who had elevated AFRs in the lymph nodes had greater AFRs in tick or ear samples in comparison with deer who had reduced AFRs). (news-medical.net)
  • The most common co-infection in I. ricinus adults was Babesia microti and Borrelia afzelii (12.3% of positive ticks). (springer.com)
  • In addition to these, two tick species of the exotic Hyalomma genus ( Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes ) have been recently reported in Germany alongside their ability to develop from nymphs to adults under the local climatic conditions [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • Consequently, increased tick surveillance is warranted, using standardized animal and environmental sampling methods. (medscape.com)
  • In East Tennessee, it is important to continue the flea and tick preventatives for 10 to 12 months of the year, depending on the weather. (farragutpress.com)
  • Ticks account for this by secreting compounds in their saliva that prevent normal healing and promote bleeding. (wikipedia.org)
  • the antibody response against the saliva of both tick species possessed both unique and common aspects. (nih.gov)
  • During feeding on vertebrate hosts, ticks secrete saliva composed of a rich cocktail of bioactive molecules modulating host immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • Although most of the proteinaceous fraction of tick saliva is of little immunogenicity, repeated feeding of ticks on mammalian hosts may lead to impairment of tick feeding, preventing full engorgement. (nih.gov)
  • To identify the salivary antigens, isolated immunoglobulins from repeatedly infested rabbits were utilized for a protein pull-down from the saliva of pilocarpine-treated ticks. (nih.gov)
  • Here, a few months ago we started spraying areas in the downtown area of Tijuana where there is a big population of rodents that also carry illnesses via ticks," he said. (mytwintiers.com)
  • Cooperative efforts among federal, state, and local experts from agricultural, public health, and academic institutions during the last year have documented that a tick indigenous to Asia is currently resident in several U.S. states. (medscape.com)
  • It is estimated that the worldwide cost associated with controlling tick levels and tick borne disease is as high as 13.9 to 18.7 million US dollars. (wikipedia.org)
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a widespread disease caused by a tick-borne virus ( Nairovirus ) of the Bunyaviridae family. (who.int)
  • Simparica helps to prevent home infestations and tick-borne illnesses. (goodnewsforpets.com)
  • The bottom line is that diagnosing tick-borne disease is complicated. (purinaproclub.com)
  • Molecular screening of ticks for pathogens included RT-qPCR for the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), qPCR for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, PCR for Babesia species and Rickettsia species, and nested PCR for Borrelia species. (springer.com)
  • Ticks are parasitic during their life cycle. (ufl.edu)
  • Ticks fall under the category of 'arthropod', and while they are often thought of in the context of disease transmission, they are also known to cause direct harm to hosts through bites, toxin release, and infestation. (wikipedia.org)
  • After attachment, ticks gain access to a hosts blood supply via use of sharp projections from their mouth known as chelicerae. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is an exophilic tick species with three different developmental stages, each stage feeding on different hosts to continue the life cycle. (springer.com)
  • In case of tick infestation, accurate tick identification is recommended prior to administering the product. (drugs.com)
  • In some cases, parts of the tick head can remain lodged at the site of attachment, resulting in more chronic symptoms and greater levels of swelling and tissue damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Information about the dog, its park use and its history of tick attachment were obtained from the dog-owners. (nih.gov)
  • Also 42 (8 females and 34 nymphs) ticks were found in cracks in sheep barns. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Eluted antigens were first identified by peptide mass fingerprinting with the aid of available I. ricinus salivary gland transcriptomes originating from early phases of tick feeding. (nih.gov)
  • The data suggest that host antibodies directed against specific tick salivary gland proteins might have use as species-specific biologic markers of tick exposure. (nih.gov)