Veratrum Alkaloids
Veratrum
Gentiana
LC-EI-MS determination of veratridine and cevadine in two fatal cases of Veratrum album poisoning. (1/13)
We report two fatal poisonings due to the ingestion of plant material. The two deceased were discovered in the water of a mountain lake about one month after the postmortem immersion of the corpses. Macroscopic examination of the stomachs revealed the presence of a very large number of small blackish granules, which were later identified as seeds of a Veratrum species. Veratridine and cevadine were identified and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Measured blood concentrations were 0.17 and 0.40 ng/mL for veratridine and 0.32 and 0.48 ng/mL for cevadine. The absence of other toxic substance led to the assumption that this massive ingestion was the cause of death, although the circumstances surrounding intake remained unknown. (+info)Interactions of veratrum alkaloids, procaine, and calcium with monolayers of stearic acid and their implications for pharmacological action. (2/13)
The interactions of veratridine, cevadine, veracevine, and veratramine with monolayers of stearic acid show marked differences. Veratridine and cevadine, at concentrations that are known from potential, ionic flux, and other measurements to affect living membranes, react strongly with the film and appear to cause an "interfacial dissolution" whereby both the alkaloid and the stearate leave the surface. Veracevine at the same concentration does not interact with the film. The veratramine reaction is weak, much like that of the local anesthetic procaine. The veratridine and cevadine effects are antagonized by 10(-3)M Ca(++), low pH, and 3.7 and 7.4 x 10(-3)M procaine. These differences among the veratrum alkaloids and the antagonisms parallel effects observed in living systems. Such parallelism suggests that similar physical interactions are involved in the stearate film and in natural membranes. (+info)OBSERVATIONS ON THE APPLICATION OF THE ROBBINS-MONRO PROCESS TO SEQUENTIAL TOXICITY ASSAYS. (3/13)
The Robbins-Monro process is a sequential procedure which can be used in toxicity assays. The principal advantages are maximal economy of drug and animals and immediate availability of an estimate of the LD50 at any stage in the assay. The disadvantages are the need to wait for the outcome in each group of animals before testing the next group and the lack of an accurate method for determining confidence limits. Some practical details of the application of the method are given. (+info)Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies. (4/13)
Resveratrol, trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, was first isolated in 1940 as a constituent of the roots of white hellebore (Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes), but has since been found in various plants, including grapes, berries and peanuts. Besides cardioprotective effects, resveratrol exhibits anticancer properties, as suggested by its ability to suppress proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells, including lymphoid and myeloid cancers; multiple myeloma; cancers of the breast, prostate, stomach, colon, pancreas, and thyroid; melanoma; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ovarian carcinoma; and cervical carcinoma. The growth-inhibitory effects of resveratrol are mediated through cell-cycle arrest; upregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1, p53 and Bax; down-regulation of survivin, cyclin D1, cyclin E, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and clAPs; and activation of caspases. Resveratrol has been shown to suppress the activation of several transcription factors, including NF-kappaB, AP-1 and Egr-1; to inhibit protein kinases including IkappaBalpha kinase, JNK, MAPK, Akt, PKC, PKD and casein kinase II; and to down-regulate products of genes such as COX-2, 5-LOX, VEGF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, AR and PSA. These activities account for the suppression of angiogenesis by this stilbene. Resveratrol also has been shown to potentiate the apoptotic effects of cytokines (e.g., TRAIL), chemotherapeutic agents and gamma-radiation. Phamacokinetic studies revealed that the target organs of resveratrol are liver and kidney, where it is concentrated after absorption and is mainly converted to a sulfated form and a glucuronide conjugate. In vivo, resveratrol blocks the multistep process of carcinogenesis at various stages: it blocks carcinogen activation by inhibiting aryl hydrocarbon-induced CYP1A1 expression and activity, and suppresses tumor initiation, promotion and progression. Besides chemopreventive effects, resveratrol appears to exhibit therapeutic effects against cancer. Limited data in humans have revealed that resveratrol is pharmacologically quite safe. Currently, structural analogues of resveratrol with improved bioavailability are being pursued as potential therapeutic agents for cancer. (+info)Gitksan medicinal plants--cultural choice and efficacy. (5/13)
BACKGROUND: The use of plants for healing by any cultural group is integrally related to local concepts of the nature of disease, the nature of plants, and the world view of the culture. The physical and chemical properties of the plants themselves also bear on their selection by people for medicines, as does the array of plants available for people to choose from. I examine use of medicinal plants from a "biobehavioral" perspective to illuminate cultural selection of plants used for medicine by the Gitksan of northwestern British Columbia, Canada. METHODS: Consultant consensus, "intercultural consensus", independent use of the same plants by other cultural groups, and phytochemistry and bioassay results from the literature, were employed in analysis of probable empirical efficacy of plant uses. RESULTS: 70% of 37 Gitksan medicinal plants were used similarly by other cultures where direct diffusion is not known to have occurred; eleven plants, including the eight most frequently mentioned medicinal plants, also show active phytochemicals or bioassays indicating probable physiologically based therapeutic effects. CONCLUSION: Analysis of intercultural consensus revealed that the majority of cultures in the British Columbia region within the plant ranges use the same plants, or closely related species, in similar ways. The rigor of this analysis is effected by the lack of consistent data on all taxa of interest for all cultures within the region. (+info)Accidental intoxication with Veratrum album. (6/13)
A 49-year-old man consumed two glasses (approximately 2 x 20 mL) of a beverage containing yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea). Shortly after ingestion, he developed nausea, vomiting, and oral paraesthesia. On admission to the hospital he suffered from severe bradycardia (35 beats/min) and hypotension (50/30 mm Hg), and he was treated with activated charcoal, antiemetics (metoclopramide, ondansetron), atropine, and intravenous electrolytic solution. The initial suspicion of Veratrum poisoning could be confirmed by identifying protoveratrines A (ProA) and protoveratrine B (ProB) in a sample from the beverage as well as in the patients serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS-MS). The yellow-colored beverage contained 25% ethanol (by headspace gas chromatography), 20.4 mg/L ProA, and 13.7 mg/L ProB. The serum concentration of ProA was 1162 ng/L and ProB was 402 ng/L. Veratridine, cevadine, and jervine were not detected, neither in the beverage nor in the serum sample. The lower limits of quantitation for all compounds is 10 microg/L (S/N > 10, beverage) and 100 ng/L (S/N > 10, serum). After treatment, the patient completely recovered from the symptoms within 24 h and was discharged from the hospital. The analytical method described was developed for the simultaneous identification and quantitation of five Veratrum alkaloids. The method is based on a liquid-liquid extraction followed by LC-MS-MS analysis. The time needed for analysis was 6 min. (+info)Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of resveratrol analogues as aromatase and quinone reductase 2 inhibitors for chemoprevention of cancer. (7/13)
(+info)Tumor shrinkage by cyclopamine tartrate through inhibiting hedgehog signaling. (8/13)
(+info)Veratrum alkaloids are a group of steroidal alkaloids found in plants belonging to the genus Veratrum, such as Veratrum album (white hellebore) and Veratrum viride (American false hellebore). These compounds have complex structures and can be divided into several types, including veratrine, jervine, and cevadine. They have various pharmacological effects, such as being anticholinergic, antiarrhythmic, and emetic. Veratrum alkaloids are used in traditional medicine, but they can also be highly toxic if ingested or handled improperly.
"Veratrum" is a genus of plants that are part of the Melanthiaceae family, also known as hellebore. These plants contain various alkaloids with pharmacological properties and have been used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic effects. However, they can also be highly toxic if not used properly.
In a medical context, "Veratrum" may refer to the medicinal preparations made from these plants, which have been used historically to treat various conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, due to their narrow therapeutic index and potential for serious side effects, they are not commonly used in modern medicine.
It's worth noting that the term "Veratrum" is primarily a botanical designation, and its medical use is relatively limited. If you have any specific questions about the medicinal or toxicological properties of Veratrum plants, it would be best to consult with a healthcare professional or a trained medical herbalist.
"Gentiana" is a term that refers to a genus of plants in the family Gentianaceae. These plants are often characterized by their beautiful, trumpet-shaped flowers and are found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, with some species located in tropical mountains in Africa and South America. The name "Gentiana" comes from the Illyrian king Genius, who is said to have discovered the medicinal properties of this plant.
In a medical context, certain species of Gentiana have been used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and bitter digestive stimulant properties. For example, Gentiana lutea (yellow gentian) is commonly used in herbal medicine to treat digestive disorders such as loss of appetite, heartburn, and flatulence. However, it's important to note that the use of Gentiana in modern medicine is not well-studied, and more research is needed to establish its safety and efficacy.
It's worth noting that "Gentiana" is primarily a botanical term and is not commonly used as a medical diagnosis or treatment. If you have any health concerns, it's always best to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for advice.
I am not aware of a medical term called "Cevanes." It is possible that there may be a typo or misspelling in the term you provided. If you have more context about where this term was used, I can try to provide more information or help with finding a correct definition.
Veratrum
Veratrum album
Veratrum hybridum
Veratrum insolitum
Veratrum lobelianum
Veratrum viride
Veratrum fimbriatum
Veratrum californicum
Veratrum nigrum
Melanthium woodii
Steroidal alkaloid
List of poisonous plants
Corn lily
Zygacine
Colchicine
Accelerans nerve
Alexander the Great
List of near threatened plants
Melanthiaceae
Death of Alexander the Great
Liliales
Eichler system
Eupithecia veratraria
Clepsis rolandriana
Sneezing powder
Muldamine
Senjōjiki Cirque
Veratridine
Resveratrol
Helen Clevenger
Veratrum - Wikipedia
Veratrum Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Veratrum nigrum Black Hellebore PFAF Plant Database
Veratrum Album head symptoms - ABC Homeopathy
Veratrum Album chest symptoms by Boenninghausen - ABC Homeopathy
Veratrum Album mouth symptoms by Boenninghausen - ABC Homeopathy
Veratrum californicum
Veratrum Viride head symptoms by Boericke - ABC Homeopathy
Veratrum Album | Boiron USA
Corn Lily Photos, Stock Photos of Corn Lilys, Veratrum californicum, Natural History Photography
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Dancing Veratrum #2, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington - Main Exhibit - Gallery - Joseph Holmes
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Veratrum californicum | Valentine Eastern Sierra Reserve
black hellebore - Schwarzer Germer, wiss.: Ver… - New entry for LEO: English ⇔ German Forums - leo.org
Veratrum lobelianum - Image of an specimen - Plantarium
Veratrum viride (Melanthiaceae) image 49690 at
Viride5
- oxysepalum, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan Veratrum viride shoot emerging, Quebec, Canada Veratrum stamineum in the mountains of Japan Veratrum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Setaceous Hebrew Character. (wikipedia.org)
- Dr. Aadil Kasim Chimthanawala presents a study comparing the efficacy of Veratrum viride with Atenolol in the short term control of hypertension. (hpathy.com)
- The National Academy of Homoeopathy, India (NAHI) undertook a statistical and clinical research on a comparative study between Atenolol (most commonly used antihypertensive) and Veratrum viride, one of the efficacious homoeopathic hypertensive drugs. (hpathy.com)
- Leaf of Veratrum viride. (nybg.org)
- Plicate leaf of Veratrum viride based on S. A. Mori 27572 from the Zofnass Family Reserve, Westchester County, New York. (nybg.org)
Nigrum10
- Veratrum nigrum flowers, Poland Veratrum album subsp. (wikipedia.org)
- Veratrum nigrum - L. (pfaf.org)
- Veratrum nigrum is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.5 m (5ft) by 0.6 m (2ft in). (pfaf.org)
- Then I saw Veratrum nigrum flowering in a herbaceous border. (onrockgarden.com)
- Veratrum nigrum in flower. (onrockgarden.com)
- Veratrum nigrum leaves in late May. (onrockgarden.com)
- Veratrum nigrum florets. (onrockgarden.com)
- Veratrum nigrum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1044. (leo.org)
- The root and leaf transcriptomes of wild Veratrum maackii and Veratrum nigrum plants were sequenced and 437,820 clean reads were assembled into 203,912 unigenes, 47.67% of which were annotated. (bvsalud.org)
- Our data represent the first cross-species analysis of steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis in the genus Veratrum and indicate that the metabolic properties of V. maackii and V. nigrum are broadly conserved despite their distinct alkaloid profiles. (bvsalud.org)
Californicum2
- The photographer's identification Veratrum californicum has not been reviewed. (berkeley.edu)
- I first saw Veratrum californicum , the California Corn-Lily, growing in wet meadows up around the tree line in the Rocky Mountains. (onrockgarden.com)
Melanthiaceae2
- Veratrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melanthiaceae. (wikipedia.org)
- Veratrum virginicum (Virginia Bunchflower) is a species of perennial herb in the family Melanthiaceae . (eol.org)
Homeopathic8
- Below are the main rubriks (i.e strongest indications or symptoms) of Veratrum Album in traditional homeopathic usage , not approved by the FDA. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Veratrum Album 30C is a homeopathic medicine that relieves diarrhea with vomiting and profuse sweating. (boironusa.com)
- or veratrum album is a homeopathic medication that is prescribed for patients suffering from melancholia, mania and epilepsy . (herbs2000.com)
- Like in the case of any other homeopathic medicines, the process to prepare veratrum alb. (herbs2000.com)
- This highly beneficial homeopathic medication (a solution) is prepared from the freshly obtained roots of the plant veratrum alb. (herbs2000.com)
- As a homeopathic medication, veratrum alb. (herbs2000.com)
- Majority of the people who are recommended the homeopathic medication veratrum album are those who are mentally stable comparatively. (herbs2000.com)
- Dr. Reckeweg Veratrum Alb Dilution is a homeopathic remedy that is prepared from the leaves and berries of the Mistletoe plant. (pushmycart.com)
Liliaceae1
- Veratrum dahuricum L. (Liliaceae), a monocotyledonous species distributed throughout the Changbai mountains of Northeast China, is pharmaceutically important, due to the capacity to produce the anticancer drug cyclopamine. (vtt.fi)
Album1
- or veratrum album is a rare type of organic substance, which is among those few medications that perfectly matches up with individuals who are supposed to be living their life virtually on the threshold of mental illness or insanity. (herbs2000.com)
Steroidal2
- Veratrum plants contain highly toxic steroidal alkaloids (e.g. veratridine) that activate sodium ion channels and cause rapid cardiac failure and death if ingested. (wikipedia.org)
- This survey on steroidal alkaloids of the Veratrum and Solanum family isolated between 1974 and 2014 includes 187 compounds and 197 references. (fu-berlin.de)
Linnaeus1
- 1754. Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 82 藜芦属 li lu shu Veratrum Linnaeus, Sp. (wikipedia.org)
North America1
- 1753. Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Veratrum includes photos and European distribution maps Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. (wikipedia.org)
Plants1
- Veratrum plants are known both in western herbalism and traditional Chinese medicine as toxic herbs to be used with great caution. (wikipedia.org)
Herbaceous perennials1
- Veratrum species are vigorous herbaceous perennials with highly poisonous black rhizomes, and panicles of white or brown flowers on erect stems. (wikipedia.org)
Cyclopamine1
- The transformation system constitutes a prerequisite for the production of the pharmaceutically important anticancer drug cyclopamine by metabolic engineering of Veratrum . (vtt.fi)
Species1
- Widely distributed in montane habitats of temperate Northern Hemisphere, Veratrum species prefer full sunlight and deep, wet soils, and are common in wet mountain meadows, swamps, and near streambanks. (wikipedia.org)
20181
- 2018. Изображение Veratrum lobelianum Bernh. (plantarium.ru)
Symptoms1
- In fact, veratrum patients, who are liable to laugh somewhat louder or may begin describing their symptoms instantly once they are seated even before the homeopath begins to address the patient, are not the normal presumed social manners that one usually takes for granted. (herbs2000.com)
20231
- https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/image/id/556241.html (accessed on 30 Nov 2023). (plantarium.ru)
Plant1
- It may be noted that this plant veratrum alb. (herbs2000.com)
Https1
- Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/veratrum. (merriam-webster.com)
Toxic1
- Due to their toxicity and the availability of other less toxic drugs, use of Veratrum as a treatment for high blood pressure in humans was discontinued. (wikipedia.org)
Image1
- Image of Veratrum lobelianum Bernh. (plantarium.ru)
Drugs1
- In homoeopathy there are several drugs to lower blood pressure like Apis mel, Gelsemium, Viscum alb, etc. but at our center, Veratrum vir is more frequently used. (hpathy.com)
Leaves1
- Bearded iris leaves contrast with the wide Veratrum leaves. (onrockgarden.com)
Time1
- Although there was a time when veratrum alb. (herbs2000.com)
Alkaloids3
- Veratrum plants contain highly toxic steroidal alkaloids (e.g. veratridine) that activate sodium ion channels and cause rapid cardiac failure and death if ingested. (wikipedia.org)
- The Veratrum genus is composed of plants containing a diverse set of steroidal alkaloids. (nih.gov)
- Veratrum plant material has been utilized for centuries as herbal medicines, however the alkaloids have such a low therapeutic index that they are not used in modern medicine. (nih.gov)
White Hellebore1
- The white hellebore (Veratrum album) is a stout herb that grows to about 7 feet. (worldatlas.com)
False Hellebore1
- False Hellebore plant (Veratrum viride) in Chugach State Park in June. (accentalaska.com)
Viride root1
- Your search for VERATRUM VIRIDE ROOT did not return any results. (nih.gov)
American Hellebore1
- Veratrum viride (White American Hellebore) main action is on cardio vascular system. (homeomart.net)
Root1
- Did you mean VERATRUM varied ROOT ? (nih.gov)
Page1
- 1754. Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 82 藜芦属 li lu shu Veratrum Linnaeus, Sp. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment1
- During the 1930s Veratrum extracts were investigated in the treatment of high blood pressure in humans. (wikipedia.org)