Fungal infections of the skin, also known as "dermatophytoses" or "tinea," are a group of conditions caused by fungi that invade and grow on the top layer of the skin. These infections can affect various areas of the body, leading to different types of tinea:

1. Tinea capitis: Fungal infection of the scalp and hair shafts, often seen in children. It can cause hair loss, scaling, and inflammation.
2. Tinea corporis: Fungal infection of the body, typically appearing as round, red, scaly patches with defined edges. The rash may itch or burn.
3. Tinea cruris: Fungal infection of the groin area, also known as "jock itch." It presents as a red, itchy, and sometimes painful rash in the folds of the skin.
4. Tinea faciei: Fungal infection of the face, excluding the scalp and beard areas. It appears as round or irregularly shaped patches with well-defined edges.
5. Tinea manuum: Fungal infection of the hands, often affecting both palms and fingers. It can cause dryness, scaling, and itching.
6. Tinea pedis: Fungal infection of the feet, also known as "athlete's foot." It typically affects the spaces between toes, causing itching, burning, and sometimes cracked or blistered skin.
7. Tinea unguium (onychomycosis): Fungal infection of the nails, leading to discoloration, thickening, crumbling, and separation from the nail bed.

These infections are usually treated with topical antifungal medications, such as clotrimazole or miconazole. In severe cases, oral antifungal drugs like terbinafine or itraconazole may be prescribed. Preventive measures include keeping the skin clean and dry, avoiding sharing personal items, and wearing breathable clothing and footwear.