Untranslated region
Regulatory Activity Coding region Five prime untranslated region History of RNA biology MiRNA Three prime untranslated region ... Although they are called untranslated regions, and do not form the protein-coding region of the gene, uORFs located within the ... The untranslated regions of mRNA became a subject of study as early as the late 1970s, after the first mRNA molecule was fully ... The untranslated region is seen in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, although the length and composition may vary. In prokaryotes, ...
Three prime untranslated region
Several regions of the mRNA molecule are not translated into a protein including the 5' cap, 5' untranslated region, 3′ ... untranslated region also has regulatory functions. Protein factors can either aid or disrupt folding of the region into various ... untranslated region and poly(A) tail. Regulatory regions within the 3′-untranslated region can influence polyadenylation, ... Five prime untranslated region UTRdb UTRome Barrett, Lucy W.; Fletcher, Sue; Wilton, Steve D. (27 April 2012). "Regulation of ...
OSER1
5' untranslated region 252 bp long. 3' untranslated region 1,129 bp long. 10 splice isoforms that encode good proteins, ... In this same region of the promoter, there is also a TATA-binding factor sequence, which helps in the positioning of RNA ... The protein is highly conserved in the DUF776 region amongst vertebrates, and also at the C-terminus in eukaryotes. Using tools ... 30 (2): 171-3. doi:10.1136/jmg.30.2.171. PMC 1016280. PMID 8445626. Clerk A, Kemp TJ, Zoumpoulidou G, Sugden PH (April 2007). " ...
Glossary of genetics (M-Z)
three-prime untranslated region See 3' untranslated region. thymidine (T, dT) One of the four standard nucleosides used in DNA ... untranslated region (UTR) Either of two non-coding sequences which are transcribed along with a protein-coding sequence, and ... nucleosome-depleted region (NDR) A region of a genome or chromosome in which long segments of DNA are bound by few or no ... A typical mRNA transcript includes one such region immediately upstream of the coding sequence, known as the 5' untranslated ...
Potexvirus
... untranslated region is ~100 nucleotides in length. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by ... The genome is linear, 5.9-7 kilobases in length with a capped 5' end and a polyadenylated 3' end. The genome encodes 5 proteins ... The TGB 2 (molecular weight 11 kDa) and TGB 3 (molecular weight 10 kDa) proteins associate with the endoplasmic reticulum. The ... 2 and 3 - and the coat protein. The RNA is translated giving rise to the viral RNA polymerase. This in turn produces a negative ...
Prohibitin
... untranslated region. The longer transcript is present at higher levels in proliferating tissues and cells, suggesting that this ... untranslated region may function as a trans-acting regulatory RNA. Prohibitins may have multiple functions including: ... untranslated region of prohibitin and cellular immortalization". Experimental Cell Research. 224 (1): 128-35. doi:10.1006/excr. ... Wang S, Nath N, Fusaro G, Chellappan S (Nov 1999). "Rb and prohibitin target distinct regions of E2F1 for repression and ...
Flavivirus 5' UTR
... are untranslated regions in the genome of viruses in the genus Flavivirus. The Flavivirus positive-oriented, ... Untranslated Regions of the Flaviviral Genome". Viruses. 9 (6): 137. doi:10.3390/v9060137. ISSN 1999-4915. PMC 5490814. PMID ... After recruitment of NS5, the two loop regions of S3 (TL) and SSD (SSL) are considered to interact with NS5 to promote ... The capsid-coding hairpin region (cHP) actually lies in the ORF of the viral genome and is followed by the 5'CS (conserved ...
Flavivirus 3' UTR
UTR are untranslated regions in the genome of viruses in the genus Flavivirus. The Flavivirus positive-oriented, single- ... Untranslated Region of the Dengue Virus Type 2 RNA That Modulate Translation and Replication". Journal of Biological Chemistry ... Untranslated Regions of the Flaviviral Genome". Viruses. 9 (6): 137. doi:10.3390/v9060137. ISSN 1999-4915. PMC 5490814. PMID ... untranslated region". Virus Research. 206: 53-61. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2015.01.026. PMID 25660582. Chapman, E. G.; Costantino ...
TMEM247
... untranslated region). TMEM247 codes only for one variant. The promoter region of TMEM247 has a huge variety of predicted ... The three regions of the protein that remain are predicted to be outside of the membrane it resides in on the N- and C-terminus ... Anchor base positions are based on distance from the start of the gene's promoter region, which itself is 1302 base pairs long ... TMEM247 has a promoter region that also contains a significant number of predicted development-related binding sites, such as ...
Competing endogenous RNA
... untranslated region (3'UTR) of the pseudogene PTENP1 in a DICER-dependent manner. A new mechanism has recently been shown in ... untranslated region (3'UTR) induces organ adhesion by regulating miR-199a* functions". PLOS ONE. 4 (2): e4527. doi:10.1371/ ... untranslated region modulates endogenous microRNA functions". PLOS ONE. 5 (10): e13599. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...513599L. doi: ... untranslated region regulates endogenous microRNA functions in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (8 ...
HMGB2
... untranslated region". Nucleic Acids Research. 20 (23): 6413. doi:10.1093/nar/20.23.6413. PMC 334538. PMID 1475204. Shirakawa H ... "High-mobility group protein 2 may be involved in the locus control region regulation of the beta-globin gene cluster". ... 517 (1-3): 167-71. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02614-5. PMID 12062430. S2CID 84792445. Fan Z, Beresford PJ, Zhang D, Xu Z, Novina ... 215 (3): 325-334. doi:10.1083/jcb.201608026. PMC 5100296. PMID 27799366. Loss of HMGB2 (High-mobility group protein box 2) ...
C9orf135
Untranslated regions (UTR) contain hairpin loops. The 3' UTR comprises 123 nucleotides and the 5' UTR comprises 18 nucleotides ... Also, a N-terminal acetylation site is present at amino acid 3. A Signal cleavage site is present between amino acids 11 and 12 ... Secondary structure of c9orf135 5' UTR loop structure of c9orf135 of mRNA 3' UTR loop structure of c9orf135 mRNA It is likely ...
Flavivirus
... untranslated region". Virus Research. Special Issue: Functions of the ends of positive strand RNA virus genomes. 206: 53-61. ... untranslated regions (UTRs). The 5'UTRs are 95-101 nucleotides long in Dengue virus. There are two conserved structural ... Clyde K, Harris E (2006). "RNA Secondary Structure in the Coding Region of Dengue Virus Type 2 Directs Translation Start Codon ... Brinton MA, Dispoto JH (1988). "Sequence and secondary structure analysis of the 5'-terminal region of flavivirus genome RNA". ...
ZFP36
... untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNAs of some cytokines and promotes their degradation. For example, TTP is a component of a ... untranslated region of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA. A polyadenylation variant in a cancer cell line lacks the binding site". J. Biol ... ZFP36 has been shown to interact with 14-3-3 protein family members, such as YWHAH, and with NUP214, a member of the nuclear ... 91 (3): 217-22. doi:10.1007/BF00218259. PMID 8478004. S2CID 35926610. Lai WS, Carballo E, Thorn JM, et al. (2000). " ...
HilD 3'UTR regulatory element
... untranslated region in Salmonella enterica hilD mRNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (9): 5894-5906. doi:10.1093/nar/gku222. PMC ... The 3′ UTR of mRNA hilD, a master regulator of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), is a prokaryotic example of ... López-Garrido J, Puerta-Fernández E, Casadesús J (May 2014). "A eukaryotic-like 3′ ...
Vimentin 3′ UTR protein-binding region
... untranslated region of vimentin mRNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 25 (16): 3362-3370. doi:10.1093/nar/25.16.3362. PMC 146884. PMID ... The same region has been implicated in the control of mRNA localisation to the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm, possibly at ... untranslated region requires a 100 nucleotide sequence and intermediate filaments". FEBS Letters. 497 (2-3): 77-81. doi:10.1016 ... UTR protein-binding region is an RNA element that contains a Y shaped structure which has been shown to have protein binding ...
Vimentin
... untranslated region of vimentin mRNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 25 (16): 3362-3370. doi:10.1093/nar/25.16.3362. PMC 146884. PMID ... High levels of DNA methylation in the promoter region have also been associated with markedly decreased survival in hormone ... 262 (3): 1320-1325. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75789-5. PMID 3027087. Brown MJ, Hallam JA, Liu Y, Yamada KM, Shaw S (July 2001 ... Vimentin has been shown to interact with: DSP MEN1 MYST2 PKN1 PRKCI PLEC SPTAN1 UPP1 YWHAZ The 3' UTR of Vimentin mRNA has been ...
Overlapping gene
... untranslated regions (UTRs) along with introns. Overprinting refers to a type of overlap in which all or part of the sequence ... However, these overlap regions are known to be less important for replication compared to the overlap regions that were highly ... The spacer domain of the polymerase and the pre-S1 region of a surface protein of HBV, for example, had a percentage of ... In tombusviruses, the proteins p19 and p22 are encoded by overlapping genes that form a 549 nt coding region, and p19 is shown ...
TUBA1B
... untranslated regions". Mol Cell Biol. 3 (10): 1738-45. doi:10.1128/mcb.3.10.1738. PMC 370035. PMID 6646120. "Entrez Gene: ... Reductive methylation studies of the Lys 394 region". Biophys. J. 64 (3): 792-802. Bibcode:1993BpJ....64..792S. doi:10.1016/ ... 22 (3): 698-707. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00698.2002. PMC 6758498. PMID 11826099. Saugstad JA, Yang S, Pohl J, et al. (2002 ... doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00269-3. PMID 12054644. Cowan NJ, Dobner PR, Fuchs EV, Cleveland DW (Jan 1984). "Expression of human ...
Degradome sequencing
... untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. In addition, sequence motifs and other targets involved in miRNA-mediated degradation can ...
Tubulin alpha-1A chain
Untranslated Regions". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 3 (10): 1738-1739, 1742. doi:10.1128/mcb.3.10.1738. PMC 370035. PMID ... untranslated regions". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 3 (10): 1738-45. doi:10.1128/mcb.3.10.1738. PMC 370035. PMID 6646120. ... 3 (7): 130061. doi:10.1098/rsob.130061. PMC 3728923. PMID 23864552. Poirier, K.; Keays, D. A.; Francis, F.; Saillour, Y.; Bahi ... 363 (Pt 3): 599-608. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3630599. PMC 1222513. PMID 11964161. Overview of all the structural information ...
Vasa gene
Untranslated Region to the germ line cells. Translation can be inhibited by cis regulatory elements in the transcript's 5' and ... untranslated regions of mRNAs in human diseases". Biology of the Cell. 101 (5): 251-62. doi:10.1042/BC20080104. PMID 19275763. ... After the duplication event, the N-terminal region acquired Zn-knuckle domains which are now conserved in invertebrates. ... and arginine methylation in a conserved region of mice, Xenopus and Drosophila Vasa genes. One of main function of Vasa protein ...
Tahyna orthobunyavirus
... untranslated regions (UTR) are complementary and highly conserved. The S segment encodes two proteins: the nucleoprotein (N) ... despite the fact that the viruses were collected from temporally distinct regions spanning a 10 to 26 year period. This level ... 9 (3): 295-9. doi:10.1089/vbz.2008.0128. PMID 19534626. Hubálek, Z.; Rudolf, I.; Bakonyi, T.; Kazdová, K.; Halouzka, J.; ... The incubation period of the virus lasts about 3 to 7 days. TAHV disease can progress to involve the central nervous system, ...
Regional differentiation
... untranslated region (3'UTR). The microtubule cytoskeleton also plays a role in localizing bicoid. The posterior group genes ... BMP-4 mainly acts in trunk and tail region of the embryo while a different set of signals work in the head region. Xwnt-8 is ... The gap genes are directly influenced by the maternal genes and are expressed in local and overlapping regions along the ... Hans Spemann named this region the organizer and the induction of the dorsal axis the primary induction. The organizer is ...
KATNB1
... untranslated regions". Mol. Cell. Biol. 3 (10): 1738-45. doi:10.1128/mcb.3.10.1738. PMC 370035. PMID 6646120. KATNB1 human gene ... 127 (3): 635-48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983. S2CID 7827573. Toyo-Oka K, Sasaki S, Yano Y, et al. (2006). " ... 109 (3): 561-7. doi:10.1242/jcs.109.3.561. PMID 8907702. McNally FJ, Vale RD (1993). "Identification of katanin, an ATPase that ... 75 (3): 419-29. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90377-3. PMID 8221885. S2CID 10264319. Cowan NJ, Dobner PR, Fuchs EV, Cleveland DW ( ...
Vg1 ribozyme
... untranslated region of Xenopus Vg1 mRNA". Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (17): 5530-5539. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn530. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC ... This ribozyme was identified from in vitro studies that showed that the Vg1 mRNA was cleaved within the 3′ UTR in the absence ... Studying the Vg1 mRNA 3′UTR a manganese-dependent ribozyme was predicted to exist. This ribozyme was shown to be located ... It was identified in the 3′ UTR of Xenopus Vg1 mRNA transcripts and mouse beta-actin mRNA. ...
MRNA surveillance
... untranslated region". Biochemistry. Biokhimiia. 71 (12): 1377-84. doi:10.1134/s0006297906120145. PMID 17223792. S2CID 1527080. ... Those downstream from this region are unable to do so. Thus, nonsense codons lie more than 50-54 nucleotides upstream from the ... Ribosomes translating the mRNA eventually translate into the 3'poly-A tail region of transcripts and stalls. As a result, it ... adenylation or cryptic polyadenylation signals within the coding region of a gene. This lack of a stop codon results a ...
R2 RNA element
... untranslated region (3'UTR), has been shown to interact with one copy of R2 protein during TPRT. This fragment has been shown ... The 5′ R2 protein binding site occurs in a region that spans part of the 5' UTR and the start of the R2 ORF. This region also ... untranslated regions of diverse R2 RNAs". RNA. 10 (6): 978-987. doi:10.1261/rna.5216204. PMC 1370589. PMID 15146081. Eickbush, ... regions of R2 retrotransposon RNAs reveal a novel conserved pseudoknot and regions that evolve under different constraints. J ...
Negevirus
There are untranslated regions at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome. These vary with the 5' end being between 72 and 730 and the ... 3' end 121 to 442 nucleotides in length. The function of the two smaller open reading frames is not known but they appear to be ...
MIF4GD
The 5' untranslated region of MIF4GD mRNA transcripts is relatively short, at a length of around 137 nucleotides, and is ... untranslated region is longer, at a length of approximately 510 nucleotides. The 3' UTR is also predicted to form stem-loops, ... The promoter region of MIF4GD is approximately 1137 nucleotide base pairs long, and is predicted to interact with various ... 28 (3): 1182-1194. doi:10.1128/mcb.01500-07. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 2223387. PMID 18025107. Neusiedler, Julia; Mocquet, Vincent; ...