AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
HypokalemiaHyperaldosteronismBartter SyndromeGitelman SyndromeHypokalemic Periodic ParalysisPotassium, DietaryPotassium DeficiencyAlkalosisPotassiumAcidosis, Renal TubularSolute Carrier Family 12, Member 3VipomaHyperkalemiaAldosteroneACTH Syndrome, EctopicChlorthalidonePolyuriaRhabdomyolysisAdrenal Gland NeoplasmsDiureticsSodium Chloride SymportersAcid-Base ImbalanceSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsWater-Electrolyte ImbalanceTriamtereneAdrenalectomyPotassium CitrateMagnesium DeficiencyAdrenocortical AdenomaCushing SyndromeAdrenal Cortex NeoplasmsMineralocorticoidsGlycyrrhizic AcidHydrochlorothiazideGlycyrrhizaParalysisHypernatremiaAchlorhydriaTorsades de PointesAdosterolThyrotoxicosis18-HydroxydesoxycorticosteroneFurosemideFanconi SyndromeReninElectrolytesAcidosisKidney MedullaSpironolactoneKidney Diseases, CysticAdenomaHypertension
MmolHyperkalemiaSevereProfoundSymptomsSodiumMedicationsLicoriceRenalAutosomal dominantMildRhabdomyolysisDiureticHypophosphatemiaDiagnosisFamilialBulimia nervosaEating disordersAlkalosisPotassium intakeUrinaryMagnesiumOccurFindingsChronicMedicinesUrinePatientsAbsenceImbalancesDevelopsCommonlyPotentiallyClinicalTreatmentPresentBloodBody
Mmol3
  • Normal potassium levels in humans are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels below 3.5 mmol/L defined as hypokalemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypokalemia is generally defined as a serum potassium level of less than 3.5 mEq/L (3.5 mmol/L). Moderate hypokalemia is a serum level of 2.5-3.0 mEq/L, and severe hypokalemia is a level of less than 2.5 mEq/L. (medscape.com)
  • However, within 2 weeks of discontinuation of therapy, hypokalemia (3.0 mmol/L) returned with concurrent normal serum sodium and chloride levels. (vin.com)
Hyperkalemia1
  • From profound hypokalemia to life-threatening hyperkalemia: a case of barium sulfide poisoning. (cdc.gov)
Severe11
  • Severe hypokalemia, with serum potassium concentrations of 2.5-3 meq/L (Nl: 3.5-5.0 meq/L), may cause muscle weakness, myalgia, tremor, and muscle cramps (owing to disturbed function of skeletal muscle), and constipation (from disturbed function of smooth muscle). (wikipedia.org)
  • With more severe hypokalemia, flaccid paralysis and hyporeflexia may result. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reports exist of rhabdomyolysis occurring with profound hypokalemia with serum potassium levels less than 2 meq/L. Respiratory depression from severe impairment of skeletal muscle function is found in some people. (wikipedia.org)
  • Severe hypokalemia may manifest as bradycardia with cardiovascular collapse. (medscape.com)
  • Severe hypokalemia leads to heart arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and cardiomyopathy that can be fatal. (personalabs.com)
  • For example, diabetic ketoacidosis , a severe and even life-threatening complication of diabetes causing your blood to become too acidic, can be tied to hypokalemia. (personalabs.com)
  • cardiac hyperexcitability may occur with severe hypokalemia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Primary aldosteronism associated with severe rhabdomyolysis due to profound hypokalemia. (medscape.com)
  • Individuals that have severe hypokalemia and are experiencing symptoms may need to be hospitalized. (canadadrugstore.com)
  • Hypokalemia can lead to an irregular heartbeat , which may lead to death in severe cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Severe hypokalemia induced by barium toxicity can cause ventricular dysrhythmias (1-7). (cdc.gov)
Profound3
  • While chronic disorders included in the list of low potassium causes have an indirect connection to hypokalemia, some disorders can have a profound impact in terms of severity. (personalabs.com)
  • is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by transient episodes of profound hypokalemia thought to be due to sudden abnormal shifts of potassium into cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Within 1-4 hours of ingestion, profound hypokalemia and generalized muscle weakness can develop which may progress to paralysis of the limbs and respiratory muscles. (cdc.gov)
Symptoms9
  • Mild hypokalemia is often without symptoms, although it may cause elevation of blood pressure, and can provoke the development of an abnormal heart rhythm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Symptoms that are present are often from the underlying cause of the hypokalemia rather than the hypokalemia itself. (medscape.com)
  • The symptoms of hypokalemia are nonspecific and predominantly are related to muscular or cardiac function. (medscape.com)
  • Mild hypokalemia often does not cause symptoms. (canadadrugstore.com)
  • Mild hypokalemia is a condition which does not often show any signs or symptoms. (canadadrugstore.com)
  • Most people suffering from mild cases of hypokalemia may not notice the symptoms but most cases of hypokalemia present with several other signs of being ill. (simplyhealth.io)
  • Though hypokalemia is not an independent illness, one of the most common symptoms if the ailment is low blood pressure. (simplyhealth.io)
  • What are the signs and symptoms of hypokalemia? (medicinenet.com)
  • The most important use of potassium is to treat the symptoms of hypokalemia (low potassium), which include weakness, lack of energy, muscle cramps, stomach disturbances, an irregular heartbeat, and an abnormal EKG (electrocardiogram, a test that measures heart function). (stlukes-stl.com)
Sodium2
Medications6
  • Blood pressure medications such as loop diuretics (e.g. furosemide) and thiazide diuretics (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide) commonly cause hypokalemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other medications such as the antifungal amphotericin B or the cancer drug cisplatin can also cause long-term hypokalemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypokalemia can be due to certain disorders, medications or drugs, chronic alcohol abuse, intense physical activity, and nutritional deficiency. (personalabs.com)
  • Numerous conditions and certain medications can trigger hypokalemia such as Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Flucloxacillin, Cephalexin and Vancomycin. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Intracellular shifts as well as certain medications can also cause hypokalemia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hypokalemia is usually caused by medications or other conditions, but can also develop if there is an intracellular shift of your body's potassium. (simplyhealth.io)
Licorice3
Renal2
  • For instance, Bartter Syndrome, a genetic renal tubular disorder, promotes hypokalemia and other electrolyte abnormalities. (personalabs.com)
  • Other ways that GRA may cause hypertension and hypokalemia include inhibition of 5 β-reductase in the liver, an enzyme that metabolizes aldosterone and direct stimulation of mineralocorticoid receptors, though overall these mechanisms may not be as important as the effect of GRA on cortisol metabolism in renal tissue. (pearls4peers.com)
Autosomal dominant1
  • Pathogenesis of hypokalemia in autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 1. (medscape.com)
Mild1
  • Patients are often asymptomatic, particularly those with mild hypokalemia. (medscape.com)
Rhabdomyolysis1
Diuretic2
  • Diuretic abuse among athletes and people with eating disorders may present with hypokalemia due to urinary potassium loss. (wikipedia.org)
  • KAPLAN, NORMAN M. / Attenuation of Diuretic‐Induced Hypokalemia by Amiloride, a Potassium‐Sparing Agent . (utmb.edu)
Hypophosphatemia1
  • Hypokalemia, like hypophosphatemia, could be a complication associated with refeeding in patients with cancer. (scielo.br)
Diagnosis1
  • Measurement of urine potassium is essential to establishment of the pathophysiologic mechanism of hypokalemia and, thus, to determination of the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Familial1
Bulimia nervosa2
  • Moreover, eating disorders like bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa can also lead to hypokalemia. (personalabs.com)
  • Hypokalemia: A Marker of Covert Bulimia Nervosa. (qxmd.com)
Eating disorders1
  • Greenfeld D, Mickley D, Quinlan DM, Roloff P. Hypokalemia in outpatients with eating disorders. (medscape.com)
Alkalosis1
  • An increase in the pH of the blood (alkalosis) can cause temporary hypokalemia by causing a shift of potassium out of the plasma and interstitial fluids into the urine via a number of interrelated mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
Potassium intake1
Urinary1
  • Meropenem-associated hypokalemia is believed to be due to the increased urinary potassium excretion, but it is not confirmed yet whether this is aldosterone-mediated or not. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Magnesium1
  • A low level of magnesium in the blood can also cause hypokalemia. (wikipedia.org)
Occur1
  • We hypothesized that in humans, WNK bodies occur as well in hypokalemia. (mdc-berlin.de)
Findings2
  • However, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings in combined hypercalcaemia and hypokalaemia have rarely been described. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Which of the following ECG findings indicates hypokalemia? (examobjective.com)
Chronic1
  • Hypokalemia contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease, while a definitive pathophysiogical theory to explain this remains to be established. (mdc-berlin.de)
Medicines1
  • Objective To evaluate serum potassium levels and rates of hypokalaemia in patients treated with liquorice-containing Japanese traditional Kampo-medicines Yokukansan (YK) and Yokukansan-ka-chinpihange (YKCH). (bmj.com)
Urine2
  • Hypokalemia can be caused by decreased intake of potassium but is usually caused by excessive losses of potassium in the urine or from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hypokalemia usually happens when the body loses too much potassium in the urine or intestines. (stlukes-stl.com)
Patients4
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the eventual presence of hypokalemia during the early phase of refeeding in patients with cancer. (scielo.br)
  • This is the first report to identify the risk factors for hypokalaemia as an initial symptom of pseudoaldosteronism in patients treated with YK preparations containing small amounts of glycyrrhiza (1.5 g/day). (bmj.com)
  • Patients with both unilateral macro-adenoma and hypokalemia are more prone to acquire postoperative BP normalization. (degruyter.com)
  • In a study of hemodialysis patients, only 0.6%, 0.5%, and 0.9% hypokalemia events occurred at 1, 2, and 3 months after initiating patiromer treatment. (renalandurologynews.com)
Absence2
  • An electrocardiogram which was recorded when the hypercalcaemia was associated with hypokalaemia showed absence of the ST segment, prolonged T wave, a shortened QTac interval and prominent U waves. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Administration of Meropenem was associated with persistent and difficult to correct hypokalemia despite the absence of other possible aetiologies. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Imbalances1
  • Hypokalemia is one of the most common water-electrolyte imbalances. (wikipedia.org)
Develops2
Commonly1
  • Hypokalemia is one of the commonly encountered electrolyte derangements in clinical practice. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Potentially1
  • [ 1 ] Hypokalemia is a potentially life-threatening imbalance that may be iatrogenically induced. (medscape.com)
Clinical1
  • 5-Minute Clinical Consult , www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia. (unboundmedicine.com)
Treatment2
  • Viagra is indicated for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men lasix hypokalemia . (onlinehome.us)
  • Being that it is not an independent illness, the main condition will require treatment in order to resolve hypokalemia. (simplyhealth.io)
Present1
  • Hypokalemia was present in the early stages of high-calorie refeeding. (scielo.br)
Blood2
Body2