The surgical cutting of a bone. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Transverse sectioning and repositioning of the maxilla. There are three types: Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement or the treatment of maxillary fractures; Le Fort II osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures; Le Fort III osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures with fracture of one or more facial bones. Le Fort III is often used also to correct craniofacial dysostosis and related facial abnormalities. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1203 & p662)
Deformities acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy.
Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live births and is more common in females than in males.
Union of the fragments of a fractured bone in a faulty or abnormal position. If two bones parallel to one another unite by osseous tissue, the result is a crossunion. (From Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 4th ed)
Lateral displacement of the great toe (HALLUX), producing deformity of the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT with callous, bursa, or bunion formation over the bony prominence.
The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.
Sagittal sectioning and repositioning of the ramus of the MANDIBLE to correct a mandibular retrusion, MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS III; and PROGNATHISM. The oblique sectioning line consists of multiple cuts horizontal and vertical to the mandibular ramus.
The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.
The five long bones of the METATARSUS, articulating with the TARSAL BONES proximally and the PHALANGES OF TOES distally.
The part of the pelvis that comprises the pelvic socket where the head of FEMUR joins to form HIP JOINT (acetabulofemoral joint).
Bones that constitute each half of the pelvic girdle in VERTEBRATES, formed by fusion of the ILIUM; ISCHIUM; and PUBIC BONE.
A particular type of FEMUR HEAD NECROSIS occurring in children, mainly male, with a course of four years or so.
The joint that is formed by the articulation of the head of FEMUR and the ACETABULUM of the PELVIS.
Implantable fracture fixation devices attached to bone fragments with screws to bridge the fracture gap and shield the fracture site from stress as bone heals. (UMDNS, 1999)
The distance and direction to which a bone joint can be extended. Range of motion is a function of the condition of the joints, muscles, and connective tissues involved. Joint flexibility can be improved through appropriate MUSCLE STRETCHING EXERCISES.
Displacement of the femur bone from its normal position at the HIP JOINT.
Surgery of the upper jaw bone usually performed to correct upper and lower jaw misalignment.
Increase in the longest dimension of a bone to correct anatomical deficiencies, congenital, traumatic, or as a result of disease. The lengthening is not restricted to long bones. The usual surgical methods are internal fixation and distraction.
The stable placement of surgically induced fractures of the mandible or maxilla through the use of elastics, wire ligatures, arch bars, or other splints. It is used often in the cosmetic surgery of retrognathism and prognathism. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p636)
Displacement of bones out of line in relation to joints. It may be congenital or traumatic in origin.
Developmental bone diseases are a category of skeletal disorders that arise from disturbances in the normal growth and development of bones, including abnormalities in size, shape, structure, or composition, which can lead to various musculoskeletal impairments and deformities.
The part of the foot between the tarsa and the TOES.
Intraoral OSTEOTOMY of the lower jaw usually performed in order to correct MALOCCLUSION.
Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.
The inner and longer bone of the FOREARM.
Surgical reconstruction of a joint to relieve pain or restore motion.
The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone. (Stedman, 26th ed)
The physiological restoration of bone tissue and function after a fracture. It includes BONY CALLUS formation and normal replacement of bone tissue.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Aseptic or avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The major types are idiopathic (primary), as a complication of fractures or dislocations, and LEGG-CALVE-PERTHES DISEASE.
A condition in which one of a pair of legs fails to grow as long as the other, which could result from injury or surgery.
Bone lengthening by gradual mechanical distraction. An external fixation device produces the distraction across the bone plate. The technique was originally applied to long bones but in recent years the method has been adapted for use with mandibular implants in maxillofacial surgery.
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion.
Specialized devices used in ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY to repair bone fractures.
A synovial hinge connection formed between the bones of the FEMUR; TIBIA; and PATELLA.
Internal devices used in osteosynthesis to hold the position of the fracture in proper alignment. By applying the principles of biomedical engineering, the surgeon uses metal plates, nails, rods, etc., for the correction of skeletal defects.
External devices which hold wires or pins that are placed through one or both cortices of bone in order to hold the position of a fracture in proper alignment. These devices allow easy access to wounds, adjustment during the course of healing, and more functional use of the limbs involved.
Slipped epiphyses is a medical condition where the growth plate (epiphyseal plate) at the end of long bones in children and adolescents becomes injured or dislocated, often affecting the hip area, and potentially causing pain, walking difficulties, and limping.
A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.
The use of HIGH-ENERGY SHOCK WAVES, in the frequency range of 20-30 kHz, to cut through mineralized tissue.
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
The articulation between a metatarsal bone (METATARSAL BONES) and a phalanx.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles.
The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth.
The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones.
Steel wires, often threaded through the skin, soft tissues, and bone, used to fix broken bones. Kirschner wires or apparatus also includes the application of traction to the healing bones through the wires.
The seven bones which form the tarsus - namely, CALCANEUS; TALUS; cuboid, navicular, and the internal, middle, and external cuneiforms.
The use of internal devices (metal plates, nails, rods, etc.) to hold the position of a fracture in proper alignment.
Inflammation of a bone and its overlaying CARTILAGE.
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)
The forepart of the foot including the metatarsals and the TOES.
A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.
A 'Humeral Fracture' is a medical condition defined as a break in any part of the long bone (humerus) connecting the shoulder to the elbow, which may occur due to various reasons such as trauma, fall, or high-impact sports injuries.
Surgery performed to repair or correct the skeletal anomalies of the jaw and its associated dental and facial structures (e.g. CLEFT PALATE).
A bone that forms the lower and anterior part of each side of the hip bone.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
A hinge joint connecting the FOREARM to the ARM.
A bone fixation technique using an external fixator (FIXATORS, EXTERNAL) for lengthening limbs, correcting pseudarthroses and other deformities, and assisting the healing of otherwise hopeless traumatic or pathological fractures and infections, such as chronic osteomyelitis. The method was devised by the Russian orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov (1921-1992). (From Bull Hosp Jt Dis 1992 Summer;52(1):1)
The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.
Bone in humans and primates extending from the SHOULDER JOINT to the ELBOW JOINT.
The bony deposit formed between and around the broken ends of BONE FRACTURES during normal healing.
The outer shorter of the two bones of the FOREARM, lying parallel to the ULNA and partially revolving around it.
A tibial fracture is a medical term that describes a break or crack in the shinbone, one of the two bones in the lower leg, which can occur anywhere along its length due to various traumatic injuries or stresses.
The innermost digit of the foot in PRIMATES.
Fractures of the femur.
Distortion or disfigurement of the foot, or a part of the foot, acquired through disease or injury after birth.
Devices which are used in the treatment of orthopedic injuries and diseases.
One of three bones that make up the coxal bone of the pelvic girdle. In tetrapods, it is the part of the pelvis that projects backward on the ventral side, and in primates, it bears the weight of the sitting animal.
The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot.
Fractures of the articular surface of a bone.
An abnormal twisting or rotation of a bodily part or member on its axis.
A dead body, usually a human body.
The pull on a limb or a part thereof. Skin traction (indirect traction) is applied by using a bandage to pull on the skin and fascia where light traction is required. Skeletal traction (direct traction), however, uses pins or wires inserted through bone and is attached to weights, pulleys, and ropes. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed)
A fracture in which union fails to occur, the ends of the bone becoming rounded and eburnated, and a false joint occurs. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Quantitative assessment of the morphology of the pig's head used as a model in surgical experimentation. Part 1: Methods of Measurements. (1/1315)

Thirty-two surface measurements were described for assessment of the effect of complex surgical operations on the skeleton of the face in pigs. The methods of measurements imitate those of anthropometry. The surface measurements can complement cephalometry with data about the changes in the soft tissue and thus improve the documentation of the effect of surgery. This paper can help in the evaluation of complicated osteotomy procedures using the pig as the animal model, for facial reconstruction research in humans.  (+info)

Long-term results of spherical acetabular osteotomy. (2/1315)

We have examined the effect of the Wagner spherical acetabular osteotomy on preserving the joint in 38 hips with a mean follow-up of 17 years. At the time of the initial operation, 55% of patients had clinical symptoms and 30 joints showed minimal or absent radiological signs of osteoarthritis. At follow-up, 54% of patients had a good functional result. The osteotomy improved the mean centre-edge angle from -3 degrees to +15 degrees, the mean anterior centre-edge angle to 23 degrees and the acetabular head index to 75%. The obliquity of the acetabular roof decreased from 28 degrees to 16 degrees. One patient improved, but 14 deteriorated with joint degeneration. Of these, one progressed because of postoperative deep-tissue infection and five due to undercorrection. One patient needed total joint replacement after 14 years. At 17 years after operation, Wagner osteotomy had prevented progression of secondary arthritis in 63% of cases.  (+info)

Fractures of the posteromedial process of the talus. A report of two cases. (3/1315)

The authors present two cases of fractures of posteromedial process of talus. One was treated conservatively and the other by excision. The appearances of the CT scans, the therapeutic options and the mechanisms of injury are discussed.  (+info)

The orthopaedic aspects of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. (4/1315)

Five cases of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) were treated from 1985-1996 at the Orthopaedics and Trauma Department of SSK Izmir Educational Hospital. Four patients were female and one was male. The pedigrees of the first two female patients had the same features of inter-related marriages. The patients have been followed up for 5.5-11 years (average of 7.5 years). Surgical operations were mostly required in the lower limbs. Problems in the hips required adductor myotomy, the Soutter procedure, total hip replacement, and pertrochanteric extension osteotomy. Management of the knees required supracondylar shortening and extension osteotomy of the femur, high tibial extension osteotomy, debridement of the knee joint with removal of osteophytes, ogleotomy of the patellar lengthening of the knee flexors and posterior capsulotomy. Interphalangeal arthrodesis for hammer toes, extension osteotomy of the head of the first metatarsals, and Kellers operation were carried out in the foot. In the upper limb decompression and anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve, debridement of the elbow joint, extension and valgus osteotomy of the distal radius, and extension osteotomy of the head of the first metacarpal were required.  (+info)

Malunion in the lower limb. A nomogram to predict the effects of osteotomy. (5/1315)

Nomograms derived from mathematical analysis indicate that the level of malunion is the most important determinant of changes in the moment arm of the knee, the plane of the ankle and alterations in limb length. Testing in five patients undergoing reconstruction showed a mean error of postoperative limb length of 2.2 mm (SD 0.8 mm), knee moment arm of 4.7 mm (SD 3.3 mm) and ankle angle of 2.6 degrees (SD 2.3 degrees). These nomograms provide the information required when assessing whether a particular degree of angulation may be accepted.  (+info)

Anatomical changes in the pelvis after modified Chiari pelvic osteotomy. (6/1315)

Although plain X-ray analysis is able to reveal anatomical changes in the frontal plane of the pelvis after Chiari pelvic osteotomy involving medial displacement (medialization) in the distal fragment and lateral displacement (lateralization) in the proximal fragment, changes in the horizontal or sagittal plane can not be discerned. Here, I have investigated three dimensional changes in the pelvis using CT in 22 patients before and after Chiari pelvic osteotomy. The various changes were investigated. Medialization in the distal fragment (average 0.4 cm) occurred in the 14 cases and to a slight extent in the other 8 cases. Also anterior or posterior displacement, and anterior rotation occurred in the distal fragment. Lateralization in the proximal fragment (average 0.8 cm) occurred in 19 cases and to a slight extent in the other 3 cases. Furthermore, the acetabular coverage over the femoral head, assessed by superimposing the acetabular region over the femoral head, improved by about 30% of the anterior half of femoral head and by about 20% of the posterior half of femoral head. It is suggested that the acetabular coverage over the femoral head is most affected by lateralization in the proximal fragment.  (+info)

Core cutter for harvesting cortical bone grafts for reconstructions of the ossicular chain. (7/1315)

Cortical bone autografts have been used to reconstruct the ossicular chain for more than 30 years. We describe a core cutter burr which facilitates the rapid harvesting of grafts which are suitable for a number of different types of reconstruction. The use of these grafts to reconstruct different defects of the ossicular chain is also presented.  (+info)

Lumbar osteotomy for correction of thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis. A structured review of three methods of treatment. (8/1315)

OBJECTIVES: Three operative techniques have been described to correct thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity (TLKD) resulting from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) at the level of the lumbar spine: opening wedge osteotomy, polysegmental wedge osteotomies, and closing wedge osteotomy. Little knowledge exists on the indication for, and outcome of these corrective lumbar osteotomies. METHODS: A structured review of the medical literature was performed. RESULTS: A search of the literature revealed 856 patients reported in 41 articles published between 1945 and 1998. The mean age at time of operation was 41 years, male-female ratio 7.5 to 1. In 451 patients an open wedge osteotomy was performed. Polysegmental wedge osteotomies were performed in 249 patients and a closing wedge osteotomy in 156 patients. Most of the studies primarily focus on the surgical technique. Technical outcome data were poorly reported. Sixteen reports, including 523 patients, met the inclusion criteria of this study, and could be analysed for technical outcome data. The average correction achieved with each surgical techniques ranged from 37 to 40 degrees. Loss of correction was mainly reported in patients treated by open wedge osteotomy and polysegmental wedge osteotomies. Neurological complications were reported in all three techniques. The perioperative mortality was 4%. Pulmonary, cardiac and intestinal problems were found to be the major cause of fatal complications. CONCLUSION: Lumbar osteotomy for correction of TLKD resulting from AS is a major surgery. The indication for these lumbar osteotomies as well as the degree of correction in the lumbar spine has not yet been established. Furthermore, there is a need for a generally accepted clinical score that encompasses accurate preoperative and postoperative assessment of the spinal deformity. The results of this review suggest that the data from the literature are not suitable for decision making with regard to surgical treatment of TLKD resulting from AS.  (+info)

Osteotomy is a surgical procedure in which a bone is cut to shorten, lengthen, or change its alignment. It is often performed to correct deformities or to realign bones that have been damaged by trauma or disease. The bone may be cut straight across (transverse osteotomy) or at an angle (oblique osteotomy). After the bone is cut, it can be realigned and held in place with pins, plates, or screws until it heals. This procedure is commonly performed on bones in the leg, such as the femur or tibia, but can also be done on other bones in the body.

An "osteotomy" refers to a surgical procedure in which a bone is cut. A "Le Fort osteotomy" is a specific type of osteotomy that involves cutting and repositioning the middle (midface) portion of the facial bones. There are three types of Le Fort osteotomies, named after the French surgeon René Le Fort who first described them:

1. Le Fort I osteotomy: This procedure involves making a horizontal cut through the lower part of the maxilla (upper jaw) and separating it from the rest of the facial bones. It is often used to treat conditions such as severe jaw deformities or obstructive sleep apnea.
2. Le Fort II osteotomy: In this procedure, an upward curved cut is made through the lower part of the maxilla and the middle portion of the nasal bones. This allows for the repositioning of the midface and nose. It may be used to treat conditions such as severe facial fractures or congenital deformities.
3. Le Fort III osteotomy: A Le Fort III osteotomy involves making a cut through the upper part of the maxilla, the orbital bones (bones surrounding the eyes), and the zygomatic bones (cheekbones). This procedure allows for significant repositioning of the midface and is often used to treat severe facial fractures or congenital deformities.

It's important to note that Le Fort osteotomies are complex surgical procedures that should only be performed by experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons or craniofacial surgeons.

Acquired joint deformities refer to structural changes in the alignment and shape of a joint that develop after birth, due to various causes such as injury, disease, or wear and tear. These deformities can affect the function and mobility of the joint, causing pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion. Examples of conditions that can lead to acquired joint deformities include arthritis, infection, trauma, and nerve damage. Treatment may involve medication, physical therapy, or surgery to correct the deformity and alleviate symptoms.

Congenital hip dislocation, also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where the hip joint fails to develop normally in utero or during early infancy. In a healthy hip, the head of the femur (thigh bone) fits snugly into the acetabulum (hip socket). However, in congenital hip dislocation, the femoral head is not held firmly in place within the acetabulum due to abnormal development or laxity of the ligaments that support the joint.

There are two types of congenital hip dislocations:

1. Teratologic dislocation: This type is present at birth and occurs due to abnormalities in the development of the hip joint during fetal growth. The femoral head may be completely outside the acetabulum or partially dislocated.

2. Developmental dysplasia: This type develops after birth, often within the first few months of life, as a result of ligamentous laxity and shallow acetabulum. In some cases, it can progress to a complete hip dislocation if left untreated.

Risk factors for congenital hip dislocation include family history, breech presentation during delivery, and female gender. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications such as pain, limited mobility, and osteoarthritis. Treatment options may include bracing, closed reduction, or surgical intervention, depending on the severity and age of the child at diagnosis.

Malunited fractures refer to a type of fracture where the bones do not heal in their proper alignment or position. This can occur due to various reasons such as inadequate reduction of the fracture fragments during initial treatment, improper casting or immobilization, or failure of the patient to follow proper immobilization instructions. Malunited fractures can result in deformity, limited range of motion, and decreased functionality of the affected limb. Additional treatments such as surgery may be required to correct the malunion and restore normal function.

Hallux Valgus is a medical condition that affects the foot, specifically the big toe joint. It is characterized by the deviation of the big toe (hallux) towards the second toe, resulting in a prominent bump on the inner side of the foot at the base of the big toe. This bump is actually the metatarsal head of the first bone in the foot that becomes exposed due to the angulation.

The deformity can lead to pain, stiffness, and difficulty wearing shoes. In severe cases, it can also cause secondary arthritis in the joint. Hallux Valgus is more common in women than men and can be caused by genetic factors, foot shape, or ill-fitting shoes that put pressure on the big toe joint.

The tibia, also known as the shin bone, is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and part of the knee joint. It supports most of the body's weight and is a major insertion point for muscles that flex the foot and bend the leg. The tibia articulates with the femur at the knee joint and with the fibula and talus bone at the ankle joint. Injuries to the tibia, such as fractures, are common in sports and other activities that put stress on the lower leg.

Sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) is a specific type of orthognathic surgery, which is performed on the ramus of the mandible (lower jaw). The procedure involves making a surgical cut in the ramus bone in a sagittal direction (splitting it from front to back), and then splitting the bone further into two segments. These segments are then repositioned to correct dentofacial deformities, such as jaw misalignment or asymmetry. The procedure is often used to treat severe cases of malocclusion (bad bite) and jaw joint disorders. After the bones are repositioned, they are stabilized with plates and screws until they heal together in their new position.

The femur is the medical term for the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It connects the hip bone to the knee joint and plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the body and allowing movement during activities such as walking, running, and jumping. The femur is composed of a rounded head, a long shaft, and two condyles at the lower end that articulate with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint.

The metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the foot that connect the tarsal bones in the hindfoot to the phalanges in the forefoot. They are located between the tarsal and phalangeal bones and are responsible for forming the arch of the foot and transmitting weight-bearing forces during walking and running. The metatarsal bones are numbered 1 to 5, with the first metatarsal being the shortest and thickest, and the fifth metatarsal being the longest and thinnest. Each metatarsal bone has a base, shaft, and head, and they articulate with each other and with the surrounding bones through joints. Any injury or disorder affecting the metatarsal bones can cause pain and difficulty in walking or standing.

The acetabulum is the cup-shaped cavity in the pelvic bone (specifically, the os coxa) where the head of the femur bone articulates to form the hip joint. It provides a stable and flexible connection between the lower limb and the trunk, allowing for a wide range of movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction. The acetabulum is lined with articular cartilage, which facilitates smooth and frictionless movement of the hip joint. Its stability is further enhanced by various ligaments, muscles, and the labrum, a fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the socket and increases its contact area with the femoral head.

The pelvic bones, also known as the hip bones, are a set of three irregularly shaped bones that connect to form the pelvic girdle in the lower part of the human body. They play a crucial role in supporting the spine and protecting the abdominal and pelvic organs.

The pelvic bones consist of three bones:

1. The ilium: This is the largest and uppermost bone, forming the majority of the hip bone and the broad, flaring part of the pelvis known as the wing of the ilium or the iliac crest, which can be felt on the side of the body.
2. The ischium: This is the lower and back portion of the pelvic bone that forms part of the sitting surface or the "sit bones."
3. The pubis: This is the front part of the pelvic bone, which connects to the other side at the pubic symphysis in the midline of the body.

The pelvic bones are joined together at the acetabulum, a cup-shaped socket that forms the hip joint and articulates with the head of the femur (thigh bone). The pelvic bones also have several openings for the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and reproductive and excretory organs.

The shape and size of the pelvic bones differ between males and females due to their different roles in childbirth and locomotion. Females typically have a wider and shallower pelvis than males to accommodate childbirth, while males usually have a narrower and deeper pelvis that is better suited for weight-bearing and movement.

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is a childhood hip disorder that occurs when the blood supply to the ball part of the thigh bone (femoral head) is disrupted. This causes the bone tissue to die, leading to its collapse and deformity. The femoral head then regenerates itself, but often not as round and smooth as it should be, which can lead to hip problems in later life.

The disease is named after three doctors who independently described it: Arthur Legg, Jacques Calve, and Georg Perthes. It typically affects children between the ages of 4 and 10, more commonly boys than girls. Symptoms may include limping, pain in the hip or knee, reduced range of motion in the hip, and muscle wasting. Treatment often involves rest, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery to realign or reshape the femoral head.

The hip joint, also known as the coxal joint, is a ball-and-socket type synovial joint that connects the femur (thigh bone) to the pelvis. The "ball" is the head of the femur, while the "socket" is the acetabulum, a concave surface on the pelvic bone.

The hip joint is surrounded by a strong fibrous capsule and is reinforced by several ligaments, including the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments. The joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction movements, making it one of the most mobile joints in the body.

The hip joint is also supported by various muscles, including the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, iliopsoas, and other hip flexors and extensors. These muscles provide stability and strength to the joint, allowing for weight-bearing activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

Bone plates are medical devices used in orthopedic surgery to stabilize and hold together fractured or broken bones during the healing process. They are typically made of surgical-grade stainless steel, titanium, or other biocompatible materials. The plate is shaped to fit the contour of the bone and is held in place with screws that are inserted through the plate and into the bone on either side of the fracture. This provides stability and alignment to the broken bones, allowing them to heal properly. Bone plates can be used to treat a variety of fractures, including those that are complex or unstable. After healing is complete, the bone plate may be left in place or removed, depending on the individual's needs and the surgeon's recommendation.

Articular Range of Motion (AROM) is a term used in physiotherapy and orthopedics to describe the amount of movement available in a joint, measured in degrees of a circle. It refers to the range through which synovial joints can actively move without causing pain or injury. AROM is assessed by measuring the degree of motion achieved by active muscle contraction, as opposed to passive range of motion (PROM), where the movement is generated by an external force.

Assessment of AROM is important in evaluating a patient's functional ability and progress, planning treatment interventions, and determining return to normal activities or sports participation. It is also used to identify any restrictions in joint mobility that may be due to injury, disease, or surgery, and to monitor the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.

A hip dislocation is a medical emergency that occurs when the head of the femur (thighbone) slips out of its socket in the pelvis. This can happen due to high-energy trauma, such as a car accident or a severe fall. Hip dislocations can also occur in people with certain health conditions that make their hips more prone to displacement, such as developmental dysplasia of the hip.

There are two main types of hip dislocations: posterior and anterior. In a posterior dislocation, the femur head moves out of the back of the socket, which is the most common type. In an anterior dislocation, the femur head moves out of the front of the socket. Both types of hip dislocations can cause severe pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected leg.

Immediate medical attention is necessary for a hip dislocation to realign the bones and prevent further damage. Treatment typically involves sedation or anesthesia to relax the muscles around the joint, followed by a closed reduction procedure to gently guide the femur head back into the socket. In some cases, surgery may be required to repair any associated injuries, such as fractures or damaged ligaments. After treatment, physical therapy and rehabilitation are usually necessary to restore strength, mobility, and function to the affected hip joint.

A maxillary osteotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making cuts in the bone of the upper jaw (maxilla). This type of surgery may be performed for various reasons, such as to correct jaw deformities, realign the jaws, or treat sleep apnea. In some cases, it may also be done in conjunction with other procedures, such as a genioplasty (chin surgery) or rhinoplasty (nose surgery).

During a maxillary osteotomy, an incision is made inside the mouth, and the surgeon carefully cuts through the bone of the upper jaw. The maxilla is then repositioned as needed and held in place with small plates and screws. In some cases, bone grafts may also be used to help support the new position of the jaw. After the surgery, the incision is closed with stitches.

It's important to note that a maxillary osteotomy is a complex surgical procedure that requires careful planning and execution. It should only be performed by an experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon or craniofacial surgeon. As with any surgery, there are risks involved, including infection, bleeding, and reactions to anesthesia. It's important to discuss these risks with your surgeon and to follow all post-operative instructions carefully to help ensure a successful recovery.

Bone lengthening is a surgical procedure that involves cutting and then gradually stretching the bone apart, allowing new bone to grow in its place. This process is also known as distraction osteogenesis. The goal of bone lengthening is to increase the length of a bone, either to improve function or to correct a deformity.

The procedure typically involves making an incision in the skin over the bone and using specialized tools to cut through the bone. Once the bone is cut, a device called an external fixator is attached to the bone on either side of the cut. The external fixator is then gradually adjusted over time to slowly stretch the bone apart, creating a gap between the two ends of the bone. As the bone is stretched, new bone tissue begins to grow in the space between the two ends, eventually filling in the gap and lengthening the bone.

Bone lengthening can be used to treat a variety of conditions, including limb length discrepancies, congenital deformities, and injuries that result in bone loss. It is typically performed by an orthopedic surgeon and may require several months of follow-up care to ensure proper healing and growth of the new bone tissue.

Jaw fixation techniques, also known as maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), are procedures used in dental and oral surgery to hold the jaw in a specific position. This is typically done by wiring the upper and lower teeth together or using elastic bands and other devices to keep the jaws aligned. The technique is often used after surgical procedures on the jaw, such as corrective jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery) or fracture repair, to help promote proper healing and alignment of the bones. It may also be used in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders or other conditions affecting the jaw. The duration of jaw fixation can vary depending on the specific procedure and individual patient needs, but it typically lasts several weeks.

Bone malalignment is a term used to describe the abnormal alignment or positioning of bones in relation to each other. This condition can occur as a result of injury, deformity, surgery, or disease processes that affect the bones and joints. Bone malalignment can cause pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and an increased risk of further injury. In some cases, bone malalignment may require treatment such as bracing, physical therapy, or surgery to correct the alignment and improve function.

Developmental bone diseases are a group of medical conditions that affect the growth and development of bones. These diseases are present at birth or develop during childhood and adolescence, when bones are growing rapidly. They can result from genetic mutations, hormonal imbalances, or environmental factors such as poor nutrition.

Some examples of developmental bone diseases include:

1. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI): Also known as brittle bone disease, OI is a genetic disorder that affects the body's production of collagen, a protein necessary for healthy bones. People with OI have fragile bones that break easily and may also experience other symptoms such as blue sclerae (whites of the eyes), hearing loss, and joint laxity.
2. Achondroplasia: This is the most common form of dwarfism, caused by a genetic mutation that affects bone growth. People with achondroplasia have short limbs and a large head relative to their body size.
3. Rickets: A condition caused by vitamin D deficiency or an inability to absorb or use vitamin D properly. This leads to weak, soft bones that can bow or bend easily, particularly in children.
4. Fibrous dysplasia: A rare bone disorder where normal bone is replaced with fibrous tissue, leading to weakened bones and deformities.
5. Scoliosis: An abnormal curvature of the spine that can develop during childhood or adolescence. While not strictly a developmental bone disease, scoliosis can be caused by various underlying conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida.

Treatment for developmental bone diseases varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment may include medication, physical therapy, bracing, or surgery to correct deformities and improve function. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to monitor growth, manage symptoms, and prevent complications.

The metatarsus is the region in the foot between the tarsal bones (which form the hindfoot and midfoot) and the phalanges (toes). It consists of five long bones called the metatarsals, which articulate with the tarsal bones proximally and the phalanges distally. The metatarsus plays a crucial role in weight-bearing, support, and propulsion during walking and running. Any abnormalities or injuries to this region may result in various foot conditions, such as metatarsalgia, Morton's neuroma, or hammertoes.

A mandibular osteotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making a cut in the mandible (lower jawbone). This procedure is often performed to correct various dental and maxillofacial conditions such as jaw misalignment, sleep apnea, or jaw tumors. The specific type of osteotomy performed depends on the individual patient's needs and may involve making cuts at different locations along the mandible.

During the procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the gum tissue to expose the mandible and then uses specialized instruments to make a precise cut in the bone. The surgeon can then move the jawbone into the desired position and secure it with plates, screws, or wires. In some cases, bone grafting may also be necessary to provide additional support.

After the procedure, patients may experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort, which can be managed with pain medication and cold compresses. Patients are usually advised to follow a soft diet for several weeks while the jaw heals. The recovery period can vary depending on the individual patient's healing process, but most patients can return to their normal activities within a few weeks.

Kyphosis is a medical term used to describe an excessive curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane, leading to a rounded or humped back appearance. This condition often affects the thoracic region of the spine and can result from various factors such as age-related degenerative changes, congenital disorders, Scheuermann's disease, osteoporosis, or traumatic injuries. Mild kyphosis may not cause any significant symptoms; however, severe cases can lead to pain, respiratory difficulties, and decreased quality of life. Treatment options typically include physical therapy, bracing, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, the other being the radius. It runs from the elbow to the wrist and is located on the medial side of the forearm, next to the bone called the humerus in the upper arm. The ulna plays a crucial role in the movement of the forearm and also serves as an attachment site for various muscles.

Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure to restore the integrity and function of a joint. The term is derived from two Greek words: "arthro" meaning joint, and "plasty" meaning to mold or form. There are several types of arthroplasty, but most involve resurfacing the damaged joint cartilage with artificial materials such as metal, plastic, or ceramic.

The goal of arthroplasty is to relieve pain, improve mobility, and restore function in a joint that has been damaged by arthritis, injury, or other conditions. The most common types of arthroplasty are total joint replacement (TJR) and partial joint replacement (PJR).

In TJR, the surgeon removes the damaged ends of the bones in the joint and replaces them with artificial components called prostheses. These prostheses can be made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials, and are designed to mimic the natural movement and function of the joint.

In PJR, only one side of the joint is resurfaced, typically because the damage is less extensive. This procedure is less invasive than TJR and may be recommended for younger patients who are still active or have a higher risk of complications from a full joint replacement.

Other types of arthroplasty include osteotomy, in which the surgeon cuts and reshapes the bone to realign the joint; arthrodesis, in which the surgeon fuses two bones together to create a stable joint; and resurfacing, in which the damaged cartilage is removed and replaced with a smooth, artificial surface.

Arthroplasty is typically recommended for patients who have tried other treatments, such as physical therapy, medication, or injections, but have not found relief from their symptoms. While arthroplasty can be highly effective in relieving pain and improving mobility, it is not without risks, including infection, blood clots, and implant failure. Patients should discuss the benefits and risks of arthroplasty with their healthcare provider to determine if it is the right treatment option for them.

The femoral head is the rounded, ball-like top portion of the femur (thigh bone) that fits into the hip socket (acetabulum) to form the hip joint. It has a smooth, articular cartilage surface that allows for smooth and stable articulation with the pelvis. The femoral head is connected to the femoral neck, which is a narrower section of bone that angles downward and leads into the shaft of the femur. Together, the femoral head and neck provide stability and range of motion to the hip joint.

Fracture healing is the natural process by which a broken bone repairs itself. When a fracture occurs, the body responds by initiating a series of biological and cellular events aimed at restoring the structural integrity of the bone. This process involves the formation of a hematoma (a collection of blood) around the fracture site, followed by the activation of inflammatory cells that help to clean up debris and prepare the area for repair.

Over time, specialized cells called osteoblasts begin to lay down new bone matrix, or osteoid, along the edges of the broken bone ends. This osteoid eventually hardens into new bone tissue, forming a bridge between the fracture fragments. As this process continues, the callus (a mass of newly formed bone and connective tissue) gradually becomes stronger and more compact, eventually remodeling itself into a solid, unbroken bone.

The entire process of fracture healing can take several weeks to several months, depending on factors such as the severity of the injury, the patient's age and overall health, and the location of the fracture. In some cases, medical intervention may be necessary to help promote healing or ensure proper alignment of the bone fragments. This may include the use of casts, braces, or surgical implants such as plates, screws, or rods.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

Femoral head necrosis, also known as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, is a medical condition that results from the interruption of blood flow to the femoral head, which is the rounded end of the thigh bone that fits into the hip joint. This lack of blood supply can cause the bone tissue to die, leading to the collapse of the femoral head and eventually resulting in hip joint damage or arthritis.

The condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, alcohol abuse, corticosteroid use, radiation therapy, and certain medical conditions such as sickle cell disease and lupus. Symptoms may include pain in the hip or groin, limited range of motion, and difficulty walking. Treatment options depend on the severity and progression of the necrosis and may include medication, physical therapy, or surgical intervention.

'Leg length inequality' (LLIS) is a condition where there is a discrepancy in the lengths of an individual's lower extremities, specifically the bones of the thigh (femur) and/or the leg (tibia/fibula). This discrepancy can be congenital or acquired due to various causes such as fractures, infections, or surgical procedures. The inequality can lead to functional scoliosis, lower back pain, and other musculoskeletal issues. It is typically diagnosed through physical examination and imaging studies like X-rays, and may be treated with various methods including orthotics, shoe lifts, or in some cases, surgical intervention.

Osteogenesis, distraction refers to a surgical procedure and controlled rehabilitation process used in orthopedic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and neurosurgery to lengthen bones or correct bone deformities. The term "osteogenesis" means bone formation, while "distraction" refers to the gradual separation of bone segments.

In this procedure, a surgeon first cuts the bone (osteotomy) and then applies an external or internal distraction device that slowly moves apart the cut ends of the bone. Over time, new bone forms in the gap between the separated bone segments through a process called distraction osteogenesis. This results in increased bone length or correction of deformities.

Distraction osteogenesis is often used to treat various conditions such as limb length discrepancies, craniofacial deformities, and spinal deformities. The procedure requires careful planning, precise surgical technique, and close postoperative management to ensure optimal outcomes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip is a degenerative joint disease that affects the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the hip joint. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cartilage, remodeling of bone, osteophyte formation (bone spurs), cysts, and mild to moderate inflammation. The degenerative process can lead to pain, stiffness, limited range of motion, and crepitus (grating or crackling sound) during movement.

In the hip joint, OA typically affects the femoral head and acetabulum. As the articular cartilage wears away, the underlying bone becomes exposed and can lead to bone-on-bone contact, which is painful. The body responds by attempting to repair the damage through remodeling of the subchondral bone and formation of osteophytes. However, these changes can further limit joint mobility and exacerbate symptoms.

Risk factors for OA of the hip include age, obesity, genetics, previous joint injury or surgery, and repetitive stress on the joint. Treatment options may include pain management (such as NSAIDs, physical therapy, and injections), lifestyle modifications (such as weight loss and exercise), and, in severe cases, surgical intervention (such as hip replacement).

Bone screws are medical devices used in orthopedic and trauma surgery to affix bone fracture fragments or to attach bones to other bones or to metal implants such as plates, rods, or artificial joints. They are typically made of stainless steel or titanium alloys and have a threaded shaft that allows for purchase in the bone when tightened. The head of the screw may have a hexagonal or star-shaped design to allow for precise tightening with a screwdriver. Bone screws come in various shapes, sizes, and designs, including fully threaded, partially threaded, cannulated (hollow), and headless types, depending on their intended use and location in the body.

The knee joint, also known as the tibiofemoral joint, is the largest and one of the most complex joints in the human body. It is a synovial joint that connects the thighbone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia). The patella (kneecap), which is a sesamoid bone, is located in front of the knee joint and helps in the extension of the leg.

The knee joint is made up of three articulations: the femorotibial joint between the femur and tibia, the femoropatellar joint between the femur and patella, and the tibiofibular joint between the tibia and fibula. These articulations are surrounded by a fibrous capsule that encloses the synovial membrane, which secretes synovial fluid to lubricate the joint.

The knee joint is stabilized by several ligaments, including the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, which provide stability to the sides of the joint, and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, which prevent excessive forward and backward movement of the tibia relative to the femur. The menisci, which are C-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures located between the femoral condyles and tibial plateaus, also help to stabilize the joint by absorbing shock and distributing weight evenly across the articular surfaces.

The knee joint allows for flexion, extension, and a small amount of rotation, making it essential for activities such as walking, running, jumping, and sitting.

Internal fixators are medical devices that are implanted into the body through surgery to stabilize and hold broken or fractured bones in the correct position while they heal. These devices can be made from various materials, such as metal (stainless steel or titanium) or bioabsorbable materials. Internal fixators can take many forms, including plates, screws, rods, nails, wires, or cages, depending on the type and location of the fracture.

The main goal of using internal fixators is to promote bone healing by maintaining accurate reduction and alignment of the fractured bones, allowing for early mobilization and rehabilitation. This can help reduce the risk of complications such as malunion, nonunion, or deformity. Internal fixators are typically removed once the bone has healed, although some bioabsorbable devices may not require a second surgery for removal.

It is important to note that while internal fixators provide stability and support for fractured bones, they do not replace the need for proper immobilization, protection, or rehabilitation during the healing process. Close follow-up with an orthopedic surgeon is essential to ensure appropriate healing and address any potential complications.

An external fixator is a type of orthopedic device used in the treatment of severe fractures or deformities of bones. It consists of an external frame that is attached to the bone with pins or wires that pass through the skin and into the bone. This provides stability to the injured area while allowing for alignment and adjustment of the bone during the healing process.

External fixators are typically used in cases where traditional casting or internal fixation methods are not feasible, such as when there is extensive soft tissue damage, infection, or when a limb needs to be gradually stretched or shortened. They can also be used in reconstructive surgery for bone defects or deformities.

The external frame of the fixator is made up of bars and clamps that are adjustable, allowing for precise positioning and alignment of the bones. The pins or wires that attach to the bone are carefully inserted through small incisions in the skin, and are held in place by the clamps on the frame.

External fixators can be used for a period of several weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the injury and the individual's healing process. During this time, the patient may require regular adjustments and monitoring by an orthopedic surgeon or other medical professional. Once the bone has healed sufficiently, the external fixator can be removed in a follow-up procedure.

Slipped epiphyses refer to a medical condition where the growth plate (epiphysis) at the end of a bone slips away from the rest of the bone. This condition most commonly affects the hip joint in adolescents and is also known as slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

The epiphysis is a layer of cartilage that is present at the ends of long bones in children and adolescents. It is responsible for the growth and development of the bone. In SCFE, the epiphysis on the upper end of the thighbone (femur) slips away from the shaft of the bone due to weakness or injury to the growth plate.

Slipped epiphyses can cause pain, stiffness, and limited mobility in the affected joint. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as avascular necrosis (death of bone tissue due to lack of blood supply) and early arthritis. Treatment for slipped epiphyses typically involves surgery to realign and stabilize the growth plate with pins or screws.

A reoperation is a surgical procedure that is performed again on a patient who has already undergone a previous operation for the same or related condition. Reoperations may be required due to various reasons, such as inadequate initial treatment, disease recurrence, infection, or complications from the first surgery. The nature and complexity of a reoperation can vary widely depending on the specific circumstances, but it often carries higher risks and potential complications compared to the original operation.

Piezosurgery is a type of surgical procedure that uses ultrasonic vibrations to cut through bone tissue while minimizing damage to surrounding soft tissues. It is often used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, such as during dental implant placement or jaw osteotomies. The piezoelectric instrument generates high-frequency microvibrations that selectively cut mineralized tissue like bone, while leaving adjacent soft tissues largely unaffected. This allows for precise cuts with less trauma and bleeding compared to traditional surgical techniques, potentially resulting in faster healing times and reduced postoperative discomfort.

Postoperative complications refer to any unfavorable condition or event that occurs during the recovery period after a surgical procedure. These complications can vary in severity and may include, but are not limited to:

1. Infection: This can occur at the site of the incision or inside the body, such as pneumonia or urinary tract infection.
2. Bleeding: Excessive bleeding (hemorrhage) can lead to a drop in blood pressure and may require further surgical intervention.
3. Blood clots: These can form in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) and can potentially travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism).
4. Wound dehiscence: This is when the surgical wound opens up, which can lead to infection and further complications.
5. Pulmonary issues: These include atelectasis (collapsed lung), pneumonia, or respiratory failure.
6. Cardiovascular problems: These include abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), heart attack, or stroke.
7. Renal failure: This can occur due to various reasons such as dehydration, blood loss, or the use of certain medications.
8. Pain management issues: Inadequate pain control can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and decreased mobility.
9. Nausea and vomiting: These can be caused by anesthesia, opioid pain medication, or other factors.
10. Delirium: This is a state of confusion and disorientation that can occur in the elderly or those with certain medical conditions.

Prompt identification and management of these complications are crucial to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

The metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is the joint in the foot where the metatarsal bones of the foot (the long bones behind the toes) connect with the proximal phalanges of the toes. It's a synovial joint, which means it's surrounded by a capsule containing synovial fluid to allow for smooth movement. The MTP joint is responsible for allowing the flexion and extension movements of the toes, and is important for maintaining balance and pushing off during walking and running. Issues with the MTP joint can lead to conditions such as hallux valgus (bunions) or hammertoe.

Follow-up studies are a type of longitudinal research that involve repeated observations or measurements of the same variables over a period of time, in order to understand their long-term effects or outcomes. In medical context, follow-up studies are often used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of medical treatments, interventions, or procedures.

In a typical follow-up study, a group of individuals (called a cohort) who have received a particular treatment or intervention are identified and then followed over time through periodic assessments or data collection. The data collected may include information on clinical outcomes, adverse events, changes in symptoms or functional status, and other relevant measures.

The results of follow-up studies can provide important insights into the long-term benefits and risks of medical interventions, as well as help to identify factors that may influence treatment effectiveness or patient outcomes. However, it is important to note that follow-up studies can be subject to various biases and limitations, such as loss to follow-up, recall bias, and changes in clinical practice over time, which must be carefully considered when interpreting the results.

Joint instability is a condition characterized by the loss of normal joint function and increased risk of joint injury due to impaired integrity of the supporting structures, such as ligaments, muscles, or cartilage. This can result in excessive movement or laxity within the joint, leading to decreased stability and increased susceptibility to dislocations or subluxations. Joint instability may cause pain, swelling, and limited range of motion, and it can significantly impact a person's mobility and quality of life. It is often caused by trauma, degenerative conditions, or congenital abnormalities and may require medical intervention, such as physical therapy, bracing, or surgery, to restore joint stability.

The mandible, also known as the lower jaw, is the largest and strongest bone in the human face. It forms the lower portion of the oral cavity and plays a crucial role in various functions such as mastication (chewing), speaking, and swallowing. The mandible is a U-shaped bone that consists of a horizontal part called the body and two vertical parts called rami.

The mandible articulates with the skull at the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) located in front of each ear, allowing for movements like opening and closing the mouth, protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movement. The mandible contains the lower teeth sockets called alveolar processes, which hold the lower teeth in place.

In medical terminology, the term "mandible" refers specifically to this bone and its associated structures.

The fibula is a slender bone located in the lower leg of humans and other vertebrates. It runs parallel to the larger and more robust tibia, and together they are known as the bones of the leg or the anterior tibial segment. The fibula is the lateral bone in the leg, positioned on the outside of the tibia.

In humans, the fibula extends from the knee joint proximally to the ankle joint distally. Its proximal end, called the head of the fibula, articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia and forms part of the inferior aspect of the knee joint. The narrowed portion below the head is known as the neck of the fibula.

The shaft of the fibula, also called the body of the fibula, is a long, thin structure that descends from the neck and serves primarily for muscle attachment rather than weight-bearing functions. The distal end of the fibula widens to form the lateral malleolus, which is an important bony landmark in the ankle region. The lateral malleolus articulates with the talus bone of the foot and forms part of the ankle joint.

The primary functions of the fibula include providing attachment sites for muscles that act on the lower leg, ankle, and foot, as well as contributing to the stability of the ankle joint through its articulation with the talus bone. Fractures of the fibula can occur due to various injuries, such as twisting or rotational forces applied to the ankle or direct trauma to the lateral aspect of the lower leg.

I'm not aware of a medical term called "bone wires." The term "wiring" is used in orthopedic surgery to describe the use of metal wire to hold bones or fractures in place during healing. However, I couldn't find any specific medical definition or term related to "bone wires." It may be a colloquialism, a term used in a specific context, or a term from science fiction. If you could provide more context about where you encountered this term, I might be able to give a more accurate answer.

The tarsal bones are a group of seven articulating bones in the foot that make up the posterior portion of the foot, located between the talus bone of the leg and the metatarsal bones of the forefoot. They play a crucial role in supporting the body's weight and facilitating movement.

There are three categories of tarsal bones:

1. Proximal row: This includes the talus, calcaneus (heel bone), and navicular bones. The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint, while the calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and forms the heel. The navicular bone is located between the talus and the cuneiform bones.

2. Intermediate row: This includes the cuboid bone, which is located laterally (on the outside) to the navicular bone and articulates with the calcaneus, fourth and fifth metatarsals, and the cuneiform bones.

3. Distal row: This includes three cuneiform bones - the medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiforms - which are located between the navicular bone proximally and the first, second, and third metatarsal bones distally. The medial cuneiform is the largest of the three and articulates with the navicular bone, first metatarsal, and the intermediate cuneiform. The intermediate cuneiform articulates with the medial and lateral cuneiforms and the second metatarsal. The lateral cuneiform articulates with the intermediate cuneiform, cuboid, and fourth metatarsal.

Together, these bones form a complex network of joints that allow for movement and stability in the foot. Injuries or disorders affecting the tarsal bones can result in pain, stiffness, and difficulty walking.

Fracture fixation, internal, is a surgical procedure where a fractured bone is fixed using metal devices such as plates, screws, or rods that are implanted inside the body. This technique helps to maintain the alignment and stability of the broken bone while it heals. The implants may be temporarily or permanently left inside the body, depending on the nature and severity of the fracture. Internal fixation allows for early mobilization and rehabilitation, which can result in a faster recovery and improved functional outcome.

Osteochondritis is a joint condition where a piece of cartilage or bone in the joint separates from its attachment due to a lack of blood supply. This can cause pain, stiffness, and potentially restricted movement in the affected joint. It often occurs in weight-bearing joints like the knee or ankle, and is more common in children and adolescents. The separated piece may sometimes float around in the joint space, causing further damage to the cartilage and bone. If left untreated, it can lead to long-term joint problems. Also known as osteochondrosis or osteochondritis dissecans.

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a degenerative joint disease that affects the articular cartilage and subchondral bone in the knee joint. It is characterized by the breakdown and eventual loss of the smooth, cushioning cartilage that covers the ends of bones and allows for easy movement within joints. As the cartilage wears away, the bones rub against each other, causing pain, stiffness, and limited mobility. Osteoarthritis of the knee can also lead to the formation of bone spurs (osteophytes) and cysts in the joint. This condition is most commonly found in older adults, but it can also occur in younger people as a result of injury or overuse. Risk factors include obesity, family history, previous joint injuries, and repetitive stress on the knee joint. Treatment options typically include pain management, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery.

The forefoot is the front part of the human foot that contains the toes and the associated bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. It is made up of five long bones called metatarsals and fourteen phalanges, which are the bones in the toes. The forefoot plays a crucial role in weight-bearing, balance, and propulsion during walking and running. The joints in the forefoot allow for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction of the toes, enabling us to maintain our footing on various surfaces and adapt to different terrain.

"Recovery of function" is a term used in medical rehabilitation to describe the process in which an individual regains the ability to perform activities or tasks that were previously difficult or impossible due to injury, illness, or disability. This can involve both physical and cognitive functions. The goal of recovery of function is to help the person return to their prior level of independence and participation in daily activities, work, and social roles as much as possible.

Recovery of function may be achieved through various interventions such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language therapy, and other rehabilitation strategies. The specific approach used will depend on the individual's needs and the nature of their impairment. Recovery of function can occur spontaneously as the body heals, or it may require targeted interventions to help facilitate the process.

It is important to note that recovery of function does not always mean a full return to pre-injury or pre-illness levels of ability. Instead, it often refers to the person's ability to adapt and compensate for any remaining impairments, allowing them to achieve their maximum level of functional independence and quality of life.

A humeral fracture is a medical term that refers to a break in the humerus bone, which is the long bone located in the upper arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. Humeral fractures can occur anywhere along the length of the bone and can vary in severity, from small hairline cracks to complete breaks that separate the bone into several pieces.

These types of fractures can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, falls, sports injuries, or repetitive stress injuries. Symptoms of a humeral fracture may include pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, limited mobility, and difficulty moving the arm.

Humeral fractures are typically diagnosed through physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans. Treatment options for humeral fractures depend on the severity and location of the break, and may include immobilization with a sling or cast, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone with plates, screws, or rods, or physical therapy to help restore mobility and strength to the arm.

Orthognathic surgical procedures are a type of surgery used to correct jaw misalignments and improve the bite and function of the jaws. The term "orthognathic" comes from the Greek words "orthos," meaning straight or correct, and "gnathos," meaning jaw. These surgeries are typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in conjunction with orthodontic treatment to achieve proper alignment of the teeth and jaws.

Orthognathic surgical procedures may be recommended for patients who have significant discrepancies between the size and position of their upper and lower jaws, which can result in problems with chewing, speaking, breathing, and sleeping. These procedures can also improve facial aesthetics by correcting jaw deformities and imbalances.

The specific surgical procedure used will depend on the nature and extent of the jaw misalignment. Common orthognathic surgical procedures include:

1. Maxillary osteotomy: This procedure involves making cuts in the upper jawbone (maxilla) and moving it forward or backward to correct a misalignment.
2. Mandibular osteotomy: This procedure involves making cuts in the lower jawbone (mandible) and moving it forward or backward to correct a misalignment.
3. Genioplasty: This procedure involves reshaping or repositioning the chin bone (mentum) to improve facial aesthetics and jaw function.
4. Orthognathic surgery for sleep apnea: This procedure involves repositioning the upper and/or lower jaws to open up the airway and improve breathing during sleep.

Orthognathic surgical procedures require careful planning and coordination between the surgeon, orthodontist, and patient. The process typically involves taking detailed measurements and images of the jaw and teeth, creating a surgical plan, and undergoing orthodontic treatment to align the teeth prior to surgery. After surgery, patients may need to wear braces or other appliances to maintain the alignment of their teeth and jaws during healing.

The pubic bone, also known as the pubis or pubic symphysis, is a part of the pelvis - the complex ring-like structure that forms the lower part of the trunk and supports the weight of the upper body. The pubic bone is the anterior (front) portion of the pelvic girdle, located at the bottom of the abdomen, and it connects to the other side at the pubic symphysis, a cartilaginous joint.

The pubic bone plays an essential role in supporting the lower limbs and providing attachment for various muscles involved in movements like walking, running, and jumping. It also protects some abdominal organs and contributes to the structure of the pelvic outlet, which is crucial during childbirth.

Retrospective studies, also known as retrospective research or looking back studies, are a type of observational study that examines data from the past to draw conclusions about possible causal relationships between risk factors and outcomes. In these studies, researchers analyze existing records, medical charts, or previously collected data to test a hypothesis or answer a specific research question.

Retrospective studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying trends, but they have limitations compared to prospective studies, which follow participants forward in time from exposure to outcome. Retrospective studies are subject to biases such as recall bias, selection bias, and information bias, which can affect the validity of the results. Therefore, retrospective studies should be interpreted with caution and used primarily to generate hypotheses for further testing in prospective studies.

The elbow joint, also known as the cubitus joint, is a hinge joint that connects the humerus bone of the upper arm to the radius and ulna bones of the forearm. It allows for flexion and extension movements of the forearm, as well as some degree of rotation. The main articulation occurs between the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna, while the radial head of the radius also contributes to the joint's stability and motion. Ligaments, muscles, and tendons surround and support the elbow joint, providing strength and protection during movement.

The Ilizarov technique is a surgical method used for limb lengthening and reconstruction. It involves the use of an external fixation device, which consists of rings connected by adjustable rods and wires that are attached to the bone. This apparatus allows for gradual distraction (slow, steady stretching) of the bone, allowing new bone tissue to grow in the gap created by the distraction. The Ilizarov technique can be used to treat various conditions such as limb length discrepancies, bone deformities, and nonunions (failed healing of a fracture). It is named after its developer, Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, a Soviet orthopedic surgeon.

Bone transplantation, also known as bone grafting, is a surgical procedure in which bone or bone-like material is transferred from one part of the body to another or from one person to another. The graft may be composed of cortical (hard outer portion) bone, cancellous (spongy inner portion) bone, or a combination of both. It can be taken from different sites in the same individual (autograft), from another individual of the same species (allograft), or from an animal source (xenograft). The purpose of bone transplantation is to replace missing bone, provide structural support, and stimulate new bone growth. This procedure is commonly used in orthopedic, dental, and maxillofacial surgeries to repair bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital conditions.

The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm that extends from the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) to the elbow joint. It articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the shoulder joint and with the radius and ulna bones at the elbow joint. The proximal end of the humerus has a rounded head that provides for movement in multiple planes, making it one of the most mobile joints in the body. The greater and lesser tubercles are bony prominences on the humeral head that serve as attachment sites for muscles that move the shoulder and arm. The narrow shaft of the humerus provides stability and strength for weight-bearing activities, while the distal end forms two articulations: one with the ulna (trochlea) and one with the radius (capitulum). Together, these structures allow for a wide range of motion in the shoulder and elbow joints.

Bony callus is a medical term that refers to the specialized tissue that forms in response to a bone fracture. It is a crucial part of the natural healing process, as it helps to stabilize and protect the broken bone while it mends.

When a bone is fractured, the body responds by initiating an inflammatory response, which triggers the production of various cells and signaling molecules that promote healing. As part of this process, specialized cells called osteoblasts begin to produce new bone tissue at the site of the fracture. This tissue is initially soft and pliable, allowing it to bridge the gap between the broken ends of the bone.

Over time, this soft callus gradually hardens and calcifies, forming a bony callus that helps to stabilize the fracture and provide additional support as the bone heals. The bony callus is typically composed of a mixture of woven bone (which is less organized than normal bone) and more structured lamellar bone (which is similar in structure to normal bone).

As the bone continues to heal, the bony callus may be gradually remodeled and reshaped by osteoclasts, which are specialized cells that break down and remove excess or unwanted bone tissue. This process helps to restore the bone's original shape and strength, allowing it to function normally again.

It is worth noting that excessive bony callus formation can sometimes lead to complications, such as stiffness, pain, or decreased range of motion in the affected limb. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove or reduce the size of the bony callus and promote proper healing.

The radius is one of the two bones in the forearm in humans and other vertebrates. In humans, it runs from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist. It is responsible for rotation of the forearm and articulates with the humerus at the elbow and the carpals at the wrist. Any medical condition or injury that affects the radius can impact the movement and function of the forearm and hand.

A tibial fracture is a medical term that refers to a break in the shin bone, which is called the tibia. The tibia is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and is responsible for supporting much of your body weight. Tibial fractures can occur in various ways, such as from high-energy trauma like car accidents or falls, or from low-energy trauma in individuals with weakened bones due to osteoporosis or other medical conditions.

Tibial fractures can be classified into different types based on the location, pattern, and severity of the break. Some common types of tibial fractures include:

1. Transverse fracture: A straight break that goes across the bone.
2. Oblique fracture: A diagonal break that slopes across the bone.
3. Spiral fracture: A break that spirals around the bone, often caused by twisting or rotational forces.
4. Comminuted fracture: A break where the bone is shattered into multiple pieces.
5. Open fracture: A break in which the bone pierces through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
6. Closed fracture: A break in which the bone does not pierce through the skin.

Tibial fractures can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg. Treatment for tibial fractures may include immobilization with a cast or brace, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone with plates, screws, or rods, and rehabilitation to restore strength, mobility, and function to the injured limb.

"Hallux" is a medical term that refers to the big toe or great toe, which is the first digit of the human foot. It is derived from Latin, where "hallus" means "big toe." In some contexts, specific pathologies or conditions related to the big toe may also be referred to as hallux issues, such as hallux valgus (a common foot deformity where the big toe drifts toward the second toe) or hallux rigidus (a form of degenerative arthritis that affects the big toe joint).

A femoral fracture is a medical term that refers to a break in the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. The femur extends from the hip joint to the knee joint and is responsible for supporting the weight of the upper body and allowing movement of the lower extremity. Femoral fractures can occur due to various reasons such as high-energy trauma, low-energy trauma in individuals with weak bones (osteoporosis), or as a result of a direct blow to the thigh.

Femoral fractures can be classified into different types based on their location, pattern, and severity. Some common types of femoral fractures include:

1. Transverse fracture: A break that occurs straight across the bone.
2. Oblique fracture: A break that occurs at an angle across the bone.
3. Spiral fracture: A break that occurs in a helical pattern around the bone.
4. Comminuted fracture: A break that results in multiple fragments of the bone.
5. Open or compound fracture: A break in which the bone pierces through the skin.
6. Closed or simple fracture: A break in which the bone does not pierce through the skin.

Femoral fractures can cause severe pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans. Treatment may involve surgical intervention, including the use of metal rods, plates, or screws to stabilize the bone, followed by rehabilitation and physical therapy to restore mobility and strength.

Acquired foot deformities refer to structural abnormalities of the foot that develop after birth, as opposed to congenital foot deformities which are present at birth. These deformities can result from various factors such as trauma, injury, infection, neurological conditions, or complications from a medical condition like diabetes or arthritis.

Examples of acquired foot deformities include:

1. Hammertoe - A deformity where the toe bends downward at the middle joint, resembling a hammer.
2. Claw toe - A more severe form of hammertoe where the toe also curls under, forming a claw-like shape.
3. Mallet toe - A condition where the end joint of a toe is bent downward, causing it to resemble a mallet.
4. Bunions - A bony bump that forms on the inside of the foot at the big toe joint, often causing pain and difficulty wearing shoes.
5. Tailor's bunion (bunionette) - A similar condition to a bunion, but it occurs on the outside of the foot near the little toe joint.
6. Charcot foot - A severe deformity that can occur in people with diabetes or other neurological conditions, characterized by the collapse and dislocation of joints in the foot.
7. Cavus foot - A condition where the arch of the foot is excessively high, causing instability and increasing the risk of ankle injuries.
8. Flatfoot (pes planus) - A deformity where the arch of the foot collapses, leading to pain and difficulty walking.
9. Pronation deformities - Abnormal rotation or tilting of the foot, often causing instability and increasing the risk of injury.

Treatment for acquired foot deformities varies depending on the severity and underlying cause but may include orthotics, physical therapy, medication, or surgery.

Orthopedic fixation devices are medical implants used in orthopedic surgery to provide stability and promote the healing of fractured or broken bones, as well as joints or spinal segments. These devices can be internal or external and include a variety of products such as:

1. Intramedullary nails: Long rods that are inserted into the center of a bone to stabilize fractures in long bones like the femur or tibia.
2. Plates and screws: Metal plates are attached to the surface of a bone with screws to hold the fragments together while they heal.
3. Screws: Used alone or in combination with other devices, they can be used to stabilize small fractures or to fix implants like total joint replacements.
4. Wires: Used to hold bone fragments together, often in conjunction with other devices.
5. External fixators: A external frame attached to the bones using pins or wires that is placed outside the skin to provide stability and alignment of fractured bones.
6. Spinal fixation devices: These include pedicle screws, rods, hooks, and plates used to stabilize spinal fractures or deformities.
7. Orthopedic staples: Small metal staples used to stabilize small bone fragments or for joint fusion.

The choice of orthopedic fixation device depends on the location and severity of the injury or condition being treated. The primary goal of these devices is to provide stability, promote healing, and restore function.

The ischium is a part of the pelvic bone, specifically the lower and posterior portion. It is one of the three bones that fuse together to form each half of the pelvis, along with the ilium (the upper and largest portion) and the pubis (anteriorly).

The ischium has a thick, robust structure because it supports our body weight when we sit. Its main parts include:

1. The ischial tuberosity (sitting bone): This is the roughened, weight-bearing portion where you typically feel discomfort after sitting for long periods.
2. The ischial spine: A thin bony projection that serves as an attachment point for various muscles and ligaments.
3. The ramus of the ischium: The slender, curved part that extends downwards and joins with the pubis to form the inferior (lower) portion of the pelvic ring called the obturator foramen.

Together with the other components of the pelvis, the ischium plays a crucial role in providing stability, supporting the lower limbs, and protecting internal organs.

"Weight-bearing" is a term used in the medical field to describe the ability of a body part or limb to support the weight or pressure exerted upon it, typically while standing, walking, or performing other physical activities. In a clinical setting, healthcare professionals often use the term "weight-bearing exercise" to refer to physical activities that involve supporting one's own body weight, such as walking, jogging, or climbing stairs. These exercises can help improve bone density, muscle strength, and overall physical function, particularly in individuals with conditions affecting the bones, joints, or muscles.

In addition, "weight-bearing" is also used to describe the positioning of a body part during medical imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRIs. For example, a weight-bearing X-ray of the foot or ankle involves taking an image while the patient stands on the affected limb, allowing healthcare providers to assess any alignment or stability issues that may not be apparent in a non-weight-bearing position.

An intra-articular fracture is a type of fracture that involves the joint surface or articular cartilage of a bone. These types of fractures can occur in any joint, but they are most commonly seen in the weight-bearing joints such as the knee, ankle, and wrist.

Intra-articular fractures can be caused by high-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from significant heights, or by low-energy trauma, such as a simple fall in older adults with osteoporosis.

These types of fractures are often complex and may involve displacement or depression of the joint surface, which can increase the risk of developing post-traumatic arthritis. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to ensure optimal outcomes and minimize long-term complications. Treatment options for intra-articular fractures may include surgical fixation with plates, screws, or pins, as well as joint replacement in some cases.

A "torsion abnormality" is not a standard medical term, but I believe you are asking about torsional deformities or abnormalities related to torsion. Torsion refers to a twisting force or movement that can cause structures to rotate around their long axis. In the context of medical definitions:

Torsional abnormality could refer to a congenital or acquired condition where anatomical structures, such as blood vessels, muscles, tendons, or bones, are twisted or rotated in an abnormal way. This can lead to various complications depending on the structure involved and the degree of torsion.

For instance, in congenital torsional deformities of long bones (like tibia or femur), the rotation of the bone axis can cause issues with gait, posture, and joint function. In some cases, this may require surgical intervention to correct the abnormality.

In the context of vascular torsion abnormalities, such as mesenteric torsion, it could lead to bowel ischemia due to the twisting of blood vessels that supply the intestines. This can be a surgical emergency and requires immediate intervention to restore blood flow and prevent further damage.

It's essential to consult with a medical professional for a precise diagnosis and treatment options if you or someone else experiences symptoms related to torsional abnormalities.

A cadaver is a deceased body that is used for medical research or education. In the field of medicine, cadavers are often used in anatomy lessons, surgical training, and other forms of medical research. The use of cadavers allows medical professionals to gain a deeper understanding of the human body and its various systems without causing harm to living subjects. Cadavers may be donated to medical schools or obtained through other means, such as through consent of the deceased or their next of kin. It is important to handle and treat cadavers with respect and dignity, as they were once living individuals who deserve to be treated with care even in death.

Traction, in medical terms, refers to the application of a pulling force to distract or align parts of the body, particularly bones, joints, or muscles, with the aim of immobilizing, reducing displacement, or realigning them. This is often achieved through the use of various devices such as tongs, pulleys, weights, or specialized traction tables. Traction may be applied manually or mechanically and can be continuous or intermittent, depending on the specific medical condition being treated. Common indications for traction include fractures, dislocations, spinal cord injuries, and certain neurological conditions.

Ununited fracture is a medical term used to describe a fractured bone that has failed to heal properly. This condition is also known as a nonunion fracture. In a normal healing process, the broken ends of the bone will grow together, or "unite," over time as new bone tissue forms. However, in some cases, the bones may not reconnect due to various reasons such as infection, poor blood supply, excessive motion at the fracture site, or inadequate stabilization of the fracture.

Ununited fractures can cause significant pain, swelling, and deformity in the affected area. They may also lead to a decreased range of motion, weakness, and instability in the joint near the fracture. Treatment for ununited fractures typically involves surgical intervention to promote bone healing, such as bone grafting or internal fixation with screws or plates. In some cases, electrical stimulation or ultrasound therapy may also be used to help promote bone growth and healing.

Femoral osteotomies, as the name indicates, involves adjustments made to the femur head and/or the femur. Knee osteotomy is ... The most common type of osteotomy performed on arthritic knees is a high tibial osteotomy, which addresses cartilage damage on ... The tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement are two of the most common osteotomy procedures ... innominate osteotomies and femoral osteotomies. The bones are cut, reshaped or partially removed to realign the load-bearing ...
The two most common surgical techniques used in HTO are lateral close wedge osteotomy and medial open wedge osteotomy. Starting ... The osteotomy is done below the K-wires and parallel to the joint line. The advantages of the medial open wedge method include ... Osteotomy starts 15 mm below the joint line, just above the tibial tubercle, and is directed parallel to the joint line, ... High tibial osteotomy is an orthopaedic surgical procedure which aims to correct a varus deformation with compartmental ...
In the triple tibial osteotomy procedure, the tibia has three osteotomies (cuts into the bone with a bone saw) performed upon ... leveling osteotomy Tibial tuberosity advancement Tightrope CCL Simitri Stable in Stride Cranial tibial wedge osteotomy Karen M ... The triple tibial osteotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat dogs that have completely or partially ruptured the cranial ... The triple tibial osteotomy combines both of these procedures and as such less radical changes than either are required. The ...
A Le Fort osteotomy is the name for three types of osteotomies of the jaw and face. They are based on the analogous bone ... The Le Fort I osteotomy advances the jaw in case of malocclusion and maxillomandibular deformities. The Le Fort II osteotomy ... The LeFort I osteotomy is named after the fracture pattern originally described by Rene LeFort in 1901 that extends from the ... In 2014, the same term was used by a Japanese group to describe a "monobloc minus Le Fort I" osteotomy. Buchanan EP, Hyman CH ( ...
Brow lift procedures may be carried out at the same time as Le Fort II and Le Fort III osteotomies. Le Fort osteotomy Le Fort ... The Le Fort III Osteotomy for oral and maxillofacial surgery, is used to correct generalised growth failure of the midface ...
Tibial tuberosity advancement Tightrope CCL Triple tibial osteotomy Simitri Stable in Stride Cranial tibial wedge osteotomy A ... TPLO, or tibial-plateau-leveling osteotomy, is a surgery performed on dogs to stabilize the stifle joint after ruptures of the ... "Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy for Repair of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture in the Canine". Veterinary Clinics of North ...
Keck and Kelly Wedge Osteotomy Excision of the retrocalcaneal bursa. Calcaneal osteotomy. Osseous debridement from the Achilles ... Cengiz, Bertan; Karaoglu, Sinan (2022-02-01). "Clinical results of the Keck and Kelly Wedge Osteotomy approach in Haglund's ...
Intraoral Vertical Ramus Osteotomy (IVRO) and Extraoral Ramus Osteotomy (EVRO), depending on the magnitude of mandibular ... Firstly, the lateral osteotomy starts at the buccal cortex, the bone in the buccal space. This split is done vertically down to ... Then the medial osteotomy is done on the lingual cortical bone, which extends to the anterior border of the ramus posterior and ... A clamp is used to hold the layers in a fixed position for mandibular osteotomy to be carried out. The BSSO technique requires ...
Osteotomy may be useful in people with knee osteoarthritis, but has not been well studied and it is unclear whether it is more ... With special reference to unicompartmental replacement and osteotomy of the knee". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. ... "Osteotomy for treating knee osteoarthritis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (12): CD004019. doi:10.1002/ ...
This can consist of chin implants or an osteotomy to make the chin tip appear wider and more prominent. This newer procedure ... Puricelli, E (2007). "A new technique for mandibular osteotomy". Head & Face Medicine. 3 (1): 15. doi:10.1186/1746-160X-3-15. ...
Osteotomy may be considered for people with mild arthritis. During osteotomy, the metacarpal is cut and a wedge shape bone ... Metacarpal osteotomy was proposed as a potentially disease modifying surgery for more limited arthrosis, but there is no ... The aim of metacarpal osteotomy is to change the pressure distribution on the TMC joint. The hope is that this will slow the ... Atroshi I, Axelsson G, Nilsson EL (June 1998). "Osteotomy versus tendon arthroplasty in trapeziometacarpal arthrosis: 17 ...
The word "osteotomy" means the division of bone by means of a surgical cut. The "jaw osteotomy", either to the upper jaw or ... All dentofacial osteotomies require an initial healing time of 2-6 weeks with secondary healing (complete bony union and bone ... Mandible and maxilla osteotomies date to the 1940s. They were used to correct dentofacial deformities like a malocclusion, and ... Advancements allow surgeons to expand the use of an osteotomy on more parts of the jaws with faster recovery time, less pain, ...
Horii, Emiko; Otsuka, Junko; Koh, Shukuki (2018-02-26). "Surgical Treatment for Kirner's Deformity-Single Osteotomy through a ... "Percutaneous corrective osteotomy for Kirner's deformity". Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B. 23 (3): 277-281. doi:10.1097/ ... Bonola's technique Serial splinting Corrective osteotomy Physeal obliteration Distance lengthening The following subsections ...
... and cuboid osteotomy. A review of thirty-nine cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002; 84-A: 62-9 Jahss MH. Evaluation of the cavus ... osteotomy (e.g. metatarsal, midfoot or calcaneal); bone-stabilising procedures (e.g. triple arthrodesis). There are few good ...
Glass, Lillian; Knapp, John; Bloomer, H. Harlan (1977). "Lingual behavior Before and After Manibular Osteotomy". Journal of ...
Anatomy and osteotomy of the greater trochanter. Arch Surg. 1979 Jan;114(1):19-21. Kelsey JL, Keggi KJ. An epidemiological ...
66 Bernese periacetabular osteotomy resulted in major nerve deficits in the sciatic or femoral nerves in 2.1% of 1760 patients ... "Prevention of nerve injury after periacetabular osteotomy". Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 470 (8): 2209-19. doi:10.1007/s11999-012- ...
Single piece or multi-piece osteotomy exist. Single piece osteotomy is carried out where there is sufficient alveolar ... Multi piece osteotomy is performed when there is a notable residual alveolar defect with a dental gap and oronasal fistula ( ... Orthognathic surgery - surgical cutting of bone to realign the upper jaw (osteotomy). The bone is cut then re-positioned and ... communication between the oral and nasal cavities). The goal of both single and multi piece osteotomy is to displace the ...
Bone quality evaluation during osteotomy and implant placement". The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 22 ...
On the dorsal side, at the level of the midcarpus, a wedge osteotomy is made. Sufficient bone is resected to at least be able ... Dorsal carpal wedge osteotomy is indicated for wrists with excessive flexion contracture deformity when non-surgical ... In such severe and neglected cases bony surgery in the form of foot osteotomies and arthrodesis is usually indicated. It is ... Van Heest AE, Rodriguez R (February 2013). "Dorsal carpal wedge osteotomy in the arthrogrypotic wrist". The Journal of Hand ...
A zygomatic "sandwich" osteotomy is far less common. The procedure is often indicated during reconstructive surgery for birth ...
Osteotomy (for splitting/separating the synostosic metacarpals) 2. Bone graft (for lengthening of shortened metacarpals, ... "Correction of 4th and 5th metacarpal synostosis in a skeletally mature hand using de-rotational osteotomies". Case Reports in ...
PMID 770140 "Posterior Transvertebral Osteotomy for Adult Thoracolumbar Kyphosis." (February 1995) Spine. PMID 7825046 " ...
Dome Osteotomy In case of Madelung's Deformity in conjunction with radial pain, a dome osteotomy may be conducted. For more ... Dome osteotomy Purpose of this treatment option is to straighten the abnormal radius. To do this, an 8 cm incision is made from ... A plate is attached to the distal end of the ulna, to plan the osteotomy. An oblique segment is removed from the ulna, after ... After this the periosteum is elevated and a crescent-shaped osteotomy, concave at the end, is marked on the bone. Now the ...
Osteotomy may be done in case of maxillary macrognathia. Mandibular macrognathia is generally managed by resection of a portion ...
Corrections of distorted bony anatomy are also undertaken (osteotomy). Observation of gait is also beneficial for diagnoses in ...
The two major osteotomy methods are box osteotomy and facial bipartition, which operate from different osteotomy sites but ... Affected individuals with severe hypertelorism may undergo orbital osteotomy. ...
Sagittal osteotomy reduces the width of the jaw bone. The pain following surgery ranges from mild to extreme. The jaws may be ... and sagittal osteotomy of mandible. Zygomatic reduction involves fracturing the zygomatic arch, reshaping and re-orienting the ...
McCarthy JJ, MacIntyre NR, Hooks B, Davidson RS (March 2009). "Double osteotomy for the treatment of severe Blount disease". J ... Nevertheless, both disorders may need surgical intervention in the form of bone osteotomy or more commonly guided growth ...
Surgical correction is achieved though a femoral derotation osteotomy. This procedure involves the cutting (osteotomy) and ... Osteotomy (cutting of bone) and realignment of the medial cuneiform, cuboid, or second through fourth metatarsal the safer and ... This procedure involves the cutting (osteotomy) and straightening (derotation) of the tibia, followed by internal fixation to ... Surgical options include tasometatarsal capsulotomy with tendontransfers or tarsal osteotomies. Due to the high failure rate of ...
Femoral osteotomies, as the name indicates, involves adjustments made to the femur head and/or the femur. Knee osteotomy is ... The most common type of osteotomy performed on arthritic knees is a high tibial osteotomy, which addresses cartilage damage on ... The tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement are two of the most common osteotomy procedures ... innominate osteotomies and femoral osteotomies. The bones are cut, reshaped or partially removed to realign the load-bearing ...
Keyphrases: High tibial osteotomy, osteotomy, Patient-specific templates. In: Klaus Radermacher and Ferdinando Rodriguez Y ... Correction osteotomy using conventional techniques may lead to under and over correction. The advantage of using patient ... Patient-Specific Templates for Corrective Osteotomy. 6 pages•Published: August 17, 2017. Mahmoud Hafez ... Patient-Specific Templates for Corrective Osteotomy}, booktitle = {CAOS 2017. 17th Annual Meeting of the International Society ...
The meaning of OSTEOTOMY is a surgical operation in which a bone is divided or a piece of bone is excised (as to correct a ... "Osteotomy." Merriam-Webster.com Medical Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/osteotomy. ...
A lateral closing wedge osteotomy of the first metatarsal is performed to treat Hallux Valgus deformities. ... Closing Wedge Osteotomy. A lateral closing wedge osteotomy of the first metatarsal is performed to treat Hallux Valgus ...
An osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity. Visit Nuffield Health ... What happens during osteotomy?. Osteotomy is usually performed under general anaesthetic. During this procedure a bone is cut ... An osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity. ... Click on the links below to find out more about the osteotomy procedures performed at Nuffield Health Hospitals:. *Tibial ...
... Knut Beitzel, Prof. Dr., GERMANY Yong In, MD, PhD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF David A. Parker, MBBS, BMedSc, FRACS, ...
Greater Trochanteric Osteotomy. - See: Total Hip Replacement Menu: - Discussion:. - indications for osteotomy: - considerations ... Sliding Osteotomy Technique: - Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy: - Considerations for Cemented Components: - if possible, ... osteotomy is performed 1 cm below vastus tubercle, w/ oscillating saw aimed at the junction of the greater trochanter w/ the ... before the osteotomy fragment is tightened, place dry gel foam strips along its edges, inorder to prevent cement from leaking ...
... osteotomy) to remove a wedge of bone near a damaged joint. Looks at why it is done and what to expect after surgery. Covers ... Osteotomy may be effective for hip and knee joints. Doctors often do an osteotomy to correct certain knee deformities such as ... Hip osteotomy involves removing bone from the upper thighbone (femur). Osteotomy may allow an active person to postpone a total ... Osteotomy is most often done in younger people. It can help relieve pain and delay the need for joint replacement.footnote 1 ...
These protocols are for physiotherapy following varus derotation osteotomy, and varus derotation osteotomy and pelvic osteotomy ... Varus derotation osteotomy & pelvic osteotomy with soft tissue releases. Notes:. *VDRO will result in a leg length discrepancy ... Varus derotation osteotomy & soft tissue releases. Notes:. *VDRO will result in a leg length discrepancy if done only on one ... SOURCE: Varus Derotation Osteotomy ( ) Page printed: . Unofficial document if printed. Please refer to SOURCE for latest ...
Similar words for Osteotomy. Definition: noun. surgical sectioning of bone. ... Sentences with osteotomy 1. Noun, singular or mass This osteotomy enables the head of the metatarsal bone to be slid laterally ... An ulnar shortening osteotomy removes part of the ulna bone and inserts a plate to hold the bone together. ...
... a posterior incision is applied for the ischium osteotomy and the caudal portion of the retroacetabular osteotomy. The pubis ... Bernese periacetabular osteotomy through a double approach : Simplification of a surgical technique Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2018 ... The osteotomies are equivalent to the classic Ganz method. In a slightly tilted forward lateral decubitus position, ... Surgical technique: Bernese periacetabular osteotomy through two incisions; all bone cuts are carried out under direct vision. ...
Periacetabular osteotomy is a surgical treatment for hip dysplasia. Learn more this alternative to hip replacement surgery and ... Periacetabular Osteotomy. Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgical treatment for hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip ... More on periacetabular osteotomy. Learn more about PAO surgery in the articles below. ...
A knee osteotomy can delay the placement of a knee prosthesis. Make an appointment. Clínica Universidad de Navarra ... What is an osteotomy?. Osteotomy literally means cutting the bone. In a knee osteotomy, a fracture of the tibia or femur is ... Recovery after osteotomy Most osteotomies for osteoarthritis of the knee are performed on the tibia to correct an arched leg ... Knee Osteotomy. A successful osteotomy can delay the need for joint replacement with a prosthesis for several years. ...
Le Fort II osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures; Le Fort III osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures ... "Osteotomy, Le Fort" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Osteotomy, Le Fort" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by ... Variables associated with stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for skeletal class III malocclusion. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. ...
I have no idea whether your osteotomy will heal in that time or not . . . or if at all. I do find it curious that your doctor ... My orthopedic surgeon (with a foot and ankle specialization) performed a fifth metatarsal osteotomy on my right foot on 3/3/09 ... The general information answer is that a well fixed osteotomy of a metatarsal will generally clinically heal in the healthy ... Fifth metatarsal osteotomy - healing challenges. Discussion in Ask your questions here started by Pirtzy, Apr 3, 2009. ...
... Answered by: Prof Mahesh Verma , Director-Principal,. Maulana Azad Institute of ... Q: I am interested in correcting a receded upper jaw and would like a rough estimate of how much a maxillary osteotomy costs? ... Home » Frequently asked Questions on Health » How much does a maxillary osteotomy cost? ...
Choose from 6 Mandibular Sagittal Split Osteotomy Clinics in Singapore ... Mandibular Sagittal Split Osteotomy prices from $8960 - Enquire for a fast quote ★ ... Mandibular Sagittal Split Osteotomy Singapore. All 6 Mandibular Sagittal Split Osteotomy Clinics in Singapore. ... Mandibular Osteotomy (Insurance Claimable) from $17000 Correct Your Lower Jaw MisalignmentInsurance ClaimableImmediate and ...
AMOD is an extension of anterior maxillary osteotomy where the resulting segment anterior to the chosen site of vertical ... Cheung LK, Chua HD (2006) A meta-analysis of cleft maxillary osteotomy and distraction osteogenesis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ... Role of Le fort I osteotomy in orthosurgical management of maxillary deformities in the north Indian population ... Cephalometric Analysis of Hard and Soft Tissue Changes Following Anterior Maxillary Osteotomy Distraction in Cleft Maxillary ...
... especially in cases in which more than one osteotomy is needed like double-level osteotomies. Since digital x-rays became the ... the implemented algorithm recommends double-level osteotomy and balance the two osteotomies between multiple constraints and ... Osteotomies around the knee help to realign the limb, shift the load from the arthritic compartment to the intact compartment, ... The mediCAD AO Osteotomy software has been developed by the AO TC Deformity Correction Planning Task Force in collaboration ...
A calcaneal osteotomy is a controlled break of the heel bone to correct a deformity of the foot and ankle. Learn how we treat ... A calcaneal osteotomy is a controlled break of the heel bone to correct a deformity of the foot and ankle. The calcaneus, or ...
Help Has anyone any experience of this. How long does the surgery take and how long does your dog remain at hospital. My dog has lost her ability to blink...
Osteotomy or Bunion surgery is carried out to correct a deformity at the base of the big toe. ... How do I arrange an osteotomy? SELF-PAY HEALTHCARE Im paying for my own treatment. Clear, easy to understand pricing for ... Contact us to arrange an osteotomy Its easy to find out more about treatment by giving us a call or completing our enquiry ...
... shares his insights and recommendations on using 3D computer planning and personalized instruments for corrective osteotomies. ... Corrective Osteotomies for Malunion of the Wrist and Forearm Using 3D Computer Planning and Patient-Specific Instruments. ... Corrective Osteotomies for Malunion of the Wrist and Forearm Using 3D Computer Planning and Patient-Specific Instruments. 등록하여 ... He has been working on 3D applications in corrective osteotomies since 2009 and since then he has performed over 100 cases. ...
Home » Explore Procedures » South Korea » VG Plastic Surgery Clinic / » Nose with Wide Nose(Osteotomy)-(VG) ... Home » Explore Procedures » South Korea » VG Plastic Surgery Clinic / » Nose with Wide Nose(Osteotomy)-(VG) ... Nose with Wide Nose(Osteotomy)-(VG) Nose surgery is a procedure to help reshape the nose. In other words reduce or increase its ... Nose with Wide Nose(Osteotomy)-(VG). USD1,562. starting from KRW2,000,000. ...
ETOA with SLOR osteotomy was performed on one side of the head, and ETOA with lateral orbital rim (LOR) osteotomy was performed ... Surgical freedom through ETOA with SLOR osteotomy (6025.1 ± 220.1 mm3) was increased relative to ETOA with LOR osteotomy ( ... ETOA with SLOR osteotomy could be applied to more diverse disease groups that do not permit conventional ETOA or to cases in ... After SLOR osteotomy, the space for moving surgical instruments and the endoscope was widened. Anterior clinoidectomy could be ...
High Tibial Osteotomy Surgery abroad in India offers info High Tibial Osteotomy Surgery India, High Tibial Osteotomy Surgery ... Osteotomy Surgery, India Osteotomy, Osteotomy Surgery India, High Tibial Osteotomy Treatment, High Tibial Osteotomy India, ... High Tibial Osteotomy Surgery, High Tibial Osteotomy, Hemicallotasis, Open Wedge Osteotomy, Closing Wedge Osteotomy, India ... Home , Orthopedic Surgery , Arthroscopy , High Tibial Osteotomy. High Tibial Osteotomy Surgery in India. Osteoarthritis of the ...
We hypothesize that the removal of mandibular third molars (M3) 6 months prior to a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) ... of inferior alveolar nerve displacement after removal of impacted mandibular third molars prior to sagittal split osteotomy - ...
Fifth metatarsal osteotomy - healing challenges. Before I post: I realize that this forum is for general information only, and ... And now for my question: My orthopedic surgeon (with a foot and ankle specialization) performed a fifth metatarsal osteotomy on ... And now for my question: My orthopedic surgeon (with a foot and ankle specialization) performed a fifth metatarsal osteotomy on ...
The advantages of the Z-osteotomy over the Regnauld include maintenance of the intrinsic attachments at the base of the ... In addition to sharing the same positive characteristics as the Regnauld procedure, the Z-osteotomy has technical and ... The shortening Z-osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the hallux has been presented as an alternative to the Regnauld ... The shortening Z-osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the hallux has been presented as an alternative to the Regnauld ...
  • The most common type of osteotomy performed on arthritic knees is a high tibial osteotomy, which addresses cartilage damage on the inside (medial) portion of the knee. (wikipedia.org)
  • During a high tibial osteotomy, surgeons remove a wedge of bone from the outside of the knee, which causes the leg to bend slightly inward. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2020). Return to work and sport after proximal tibial osteotomy and the effects of opening versus closing wedge techniques on adverse outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (healthwise.net)
  • According to the deformity, the software provides a recommendation whether single tibial, single femoral, or double-level osteotomy is preferable to correct the alignment. (aofoundation.org)
  • Summary: Satisfactory clinical and alignment accuracy outcomes of an innovative 3D-printed customized system for valgus high tibial osteotomy at one-year follow-up. (isakos.com)
  • High tibial osteotomy represents a well established treatment for patients with medial OA and varus knee. (isakos.com)
  • In open-wedge high-tibial-osteotomy (OWHTO), most surgeons use a preoperative planning software and realise that they should match the intraoperative alignment correction with the preoperative plan. (biomedcentral.com)
  • AJSM 2010 Further knee surgery after proximal tibial osteotomies has been reported to have a more difficult surgical exposure due to decreased patellar height after the osteotomy. (drrobertlaprademd.com)
  • AJSM 2008 Increased stability of posterolateral corner knee injuries has been observed clinically after proximal tibial medial opening wedge osteotomies. (drrobertlaprademd.com)
  • Are you sure you want to remove High Tibial Osteotomy as a favorite? (cadmore.media)
  • High tibial osteotomy combined with cartilage restoration: A systematic review of clinical outcomes and prognostic factors. (bvsalud.org)
  • High tibial osteotomy (HTO), classically utilized to treat uni-compartmental knee osteoarthritis , corrects malalignment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Two main types of osteotomies are used in the correction of hip dysplasias and deformities to improve alignment/interaction of acetabulum - (socket) - and femoral head (femur head) - (ball), innominate osteotomies and femoral osteotomies. (wikipedia.org)
  • A femoral derotation osteotomy can be performed to correct version abnormalities such as excessive anteversion or retroversion of the hip joint. (wikipedia.org)
  • Femoral osteotomies, as the name indicates, involves adjustments made to the femur head and/or the femur. (wikipedia.org)
  • In determining the appropriateness of a femoral osteotomy, the appropriate tests and imaging techniques should be performed. (medscape.com)
  • Total hip arthroplasty with femoral osteotomy for proximal femoral deformity. (medscape.com)
  • How much varus is optimal with proximal femoral osteotomy to preserve the femoral head in legg-calve-perthes disease? (medscape.com)
  • Intertrochanteric osteotomy combined with acetabular shelfplasty in young patients with severe deformity of the femoral head and secondary osteoarthritis. (medscape.com)
  • Intrinsic passive stiffness of 2 constructs of varus proximal femoral osteotomy: external fixator or blade plate. (medscape.com)
  • Acetabular and femoral remodeling after varus derotational osteotomy in cerebral palsy: the effect of age and Gross Motor Function Classification Level. (bvsalud.org)
  • Doctors often do an osteotomy to correct certain knee deformities such as bowleg (varus) and knock-knee (valgus) deformities of the knees. (healthwise.net)
  • These protocols are for physiotherapy following varus derotation osteotomy, and varus derotation osteotomy and pelvic osteotomy. (bcchildrens.ca)
  • Most osteotomies for osteoarthritis of the knee are performed on the tibia to correct an arched leg alignment that places too much stress on the inside of the knee. (cun.es)
  • To determine whether intertrochanteric osteotomy (ITO) can prevent the progression of degenerative joint disease in dysplastic hip joints. (vin.com)
  • Bartonicek J, Skala-Rosenbaum J, Dousa P. Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for nonunion of trochanteric fractures. (medscape.com)
  • Follow-up of intertrochanteric osteotomy of the hip during a 25-year period. (medscape.com)
  • Arthrodesis and intertrochanteric osteotomy of the hip are indicated in patients under 50 years old with Stage III lesions and unilateral hip disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Correct Your Lower Jaw MisalignmentInsurance ClaimableImmediate and Permanent ResultsNo Visible IncisionsA Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) is performed to correct mal-alignment of jaws and teeth. (whatclinic.com)
  • We hypothesize that the removal of mandibular third molars (M3) 6 months prior to a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) could allow the displacement of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) in a favorable lingual position. (em-consulte.com)
  • Because prosthetic knees may wear out over time, an osteotomy procedure can enable younger, active osteoarthritis patients to continue using the healthy portion of their knee. (wikipedia.org)
  • An osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Osteotomy ("bone cutting") is a procedure in which a surgeon removes, or sometimes adds, a wedge of bone near a damaged joint. (healthwise.net)
  • One of the great advantages of the procedure is that, by preserving your own knee anatomy, a successful osteotomy can delay the need for a joint replacement by a prosthesis for several years. (cun.es)
  • During this procedure, a wedge of bone is removed from the outside of the tibia, straightening the leg (closure osteotomy). (cun.es)
  • Nose with Wide Nose(Osteotomy)-(VG) Nose surgery is a procedure to help reshape the nose. (gorgeousgetaways.com)
  • The shortening Z-osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the hallux has been presented as an alternative to the Regnauld enclavement procedure for patients with the appropriate indications. (japmaonline.org)
  • In addition to sharing the same positive characteristics as the Regnauld procedure, the Z-osteotomy has technical and physiologic advantages. (japmaonline.org)
  • Sliding Calcaneus Osteotomy is an established procedure for treatment of an acquired adult flatfoot, to correct hindfoot valgus in case of deltoid ligament insufficiency, cavovarus foot deformity, osteochondral defects, and treatment of unicompartimental osteoarthritis. (ankleplatform.com)
  • For children seen with developmental dislocation of the hip after the age of eighteen months, Robert B. Salter, CC, MD, FRCS(C) devised, in 1957, a protocol of preoperative traction, open reduction, and capsulorrhaphy combined with a new procedure of innominate osteotomy to redirect the deficient acetabulum. (vjortho.com)
  • In summary, this method of open reduction and innominate osteotomy for developmental dislocation of the hip presenting after eighteen months of age can be expected to result, on the basis of data derived from validated and reliable measures, in the following outcomes at forty-five years after the index procedure. (vjortho.com)
  • What is the Procedure of Osteotomy Surgery? (primomedico.com)
  • Le Fort I osteotomy was popularized by Considering the psychological aspects, Obwegeser in the midt20th century as a neuroticism may have a negative effect standard procedure in maxillofacial surgery on the early postoperative phase but not to correct dentofacial deformities [ 4,5 ]. (who.int)
  • This surgical procedure is called an osteotomy and is performed when one side of the knee (usually the inside) is affected by OA and there is an angular deformity of the knee (also known as having knock knees). (lu.se)
  • Osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the inner knee could also include adding a wedge of bone to the inner tibia, or adding or removing bone from the femur. (healthwise.net)
  • Hip osteotomy involves removing bone from the upper thighbone (femur). (healthwise.net)
  • In a knee osteotomy, a 'fracture' of the tibia or femur is performed in a controlled manner and stabilized in its new position to relieve pressure, load, correct a deviation from the normal axis (deaxation) and reduce pain over the knee joint. (cun.es)
  • Are you sure you want to remove Distal Femur Osteotomy to Correct (Knock-Knee) Deformity as a favorite? (cadmore.media)
  • A lateral closing wedge osteotomy of the first metatarsal is performed to treat Hallux Valgus deformities. (stryker.com)
  • The Chevron Osteotomy for Correction of Hallux Valgus: Comparison of Findings After Two and Five Years of Follow-up. (vjortho.com)
  • Yang L, Jing Y, Hong D, Chong-Qi T. Valgus osteotomy combined with intramedullary nail for Shepherd's crook deformity in fibrous dysplasia: 14 femurs with a minimum of 4 years follow-up. (medscape.com)
  • Orthodontic considerations in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion with anterior subapical osteotomy. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Presurgical orthodontic preparation for anterior subapical osteotomy includes intra-arch (leveling, alignment, and derotations) and interarch (sagittal, vertical, and transverse) objectives. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Variables associated with stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for skeletal class III malocclusion. (harvard.edu)
  • Precise control of maxillary multidirectional movement in Le Fort I osteotomy using a surgical guiding device. (harvard.edu)
  • Markose E, Paulose J, Paul ET (2013) Soft tissue changes in cleft lip and palate patients: anterior maxillary distraction versus conventional Le-Fort I osteotomy. (springer.com)
  • There are two different steps: Deformity analysis enables the surgeon to identify the location of the deformity and choose the correct location and type of osteotomy, which is subsequently accurately planned. (aofoundation.org)
  • We have all the information you need about public and private dental clinics that provide mandibular sagittal split osteotomy in Singapore. (whatclinic.com)
  • Compare all the dentists and contact the mandibular sagittal split osteotomy clinic in Singapore that's right for you. (whatclinic.com)
  • The pubis and ilium osteotomies are performed in a supine position through an anterior approach with subsequent reorientation and screw fixation. (nih.gov)
  • AMOD is an extension of anterior maxillary osteotomy where the resulting segment anterior to the chosen site of vertical corticotomy cut is distracted with the help of hyrax screw through a tooth-borne appliance. (springer.com)
  • Access levels of ETOA with SLOR osteotomy were comfortable, including anterior skull base lesion and superior orbital area. (thejns.org)
  • The view range of the endoscope for anterior skull base lesions was increased through ETOA with SLOR osteotomy. (thejns.org)
  • Anterior clinoidectomy could be achieved successfully using ETOA with SLOR osteotomy. (thejns.org)
  • Severe bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion, a dentofacial deformity prevalent among Asians, can be easily addressed with the use of anterior subapical osteotomies in conjunction with extraction of a tooth in each quadrant. (nus.edu.sg)
  • An osteotomy is a surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten or lengthen it or to change its alignment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common way to use osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the inner knee is to remove a wedge of bone from the outer side of the large lower leg bone (tibia) near the knee. (healthwise.net)
  • This same correction can be made by opening a bone wedge on the inside of the knee and adding a bone wedge if required (opening osteotomy). (cun.es)
  • Osteotomies can realign the limb, restore physiological biomechanics, and thus support bone healing. (aofoundation.org)
  • A calcaneal osteotomy is a controlled break of the heel bone to correct a deformity of the foot and ankle. (medstarhealth.org)
  • The advantages of the Z-osteotomy over the Regnauld include maintenance of the intrinsic attachments at the base of the proximal phalanx, less risk of avascular necrosis, less technical difficulty, and absence of complications associated with an autogenous bone graft. (japmaonline.org)
  • An osteotomy is a cut made in the bone. (spoc-ortho.com)
  • In an osteotomy, the defective leg axis is corrected by first cutting the upper or lower leg bones and removing a bone wedge. (primomedico.com)
  • Le Fort III osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures with fracture of one or more facial bones. (harvard.edu)
  • How much does a maxillary osteotomy cost? (ndtv.com)
  • Home » Frequently asked Questions on Health » How much does a maxillary osteotomy cost? (ndtv.com)
  • I am interested in correcting a receded upper jaw and would like a rough estimate of how much a maxillary osteotomy costs? (ndtv.com)
  • Cheung LK, Chua HD (2006) A meta-analysis of cleft maxillary osteotomy and distraction osteogenesis. (springer.com)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Maxillary Osteotomy" by people in this website by year, and whether "Maxillary Osteotomy" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Maxillary Osteotomy" by people in Profiles. (uchicago.edu)
  • We aimed to determine whether there is a difference in osteotomy gap height when starting the OWHTO either 3 or 4 cm distal to the joint line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The osteotomy-starting-point was either 3 or 4 cm distal to the medial joint line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With a mean wedge height of 8.08 mm when locating the osteotomy 3 cm and a mean wedge height of 8.05 mm when locating the osteotomy 4 cm distal to the joint-line, there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.7). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A starting-point 1 cm more distal or proximal than previously determined through the digital planning does not alter the size of the osteotomy gap needed to produce the desired amount of correction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In OWHTO, the starting point for the oblique ascending osteotomy is in a range of 3 to 6 cm distal to the medial knee joint line and is limited by the surrounding anatomical structures [ 8 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The outcome of interest was to investigate whether the osteotomy position at 3 or 4 cm distal to the medial knee joint line exerts an influence on the surgical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My orthopedic surgeon (with a foot and ankle specialization) performed a fifth metatarsal osteotomy on my right foot on 3/3/09 and removed a tailor's bunion/bursa sac. (foot-health-forum.com)
  • The general information answer is that a well fixed osteotomy of a metatarsal will generally clinically heal in the healthy patient with good circulation and no complicating factors in about 6 weeks. (foot-health-forum.com)
  • A lesser metatarsal shortening osteotomy changes the pressure distribution under the ball of the foot, relieving pain. (spoc-ortho.com)
  • Watch to learn about common complications, real patient cases demonstrating the benefit of 3D, the steps for creating a 3D plan of the osteotomy and fixation, and post-operative results. (materialise.com)
  • Correction osteotomy using conventional techniques may lead to under and over correction. (easychair.org)
  • The mediCAD AO Osteotomy software has been developed by the AO TC Deformity Correction Planning Task Force in collaboration with mediCAD® Hectec GmbH. (aofoundation.org)
  • Osteotomy is a correction of the leg axis in malposition, which appears externally in the form of knock-knees or bowlegs. (primomedico.com)
  • Doctors use osteotomy if destruction of the knee cartilage mainly affects a single disc of cartilage: the disc (meniscus) either on the inner part or on the outer part of the knee joint. (healthwise.net)
  • Others have reported improved results with innominate osteotomy for this indication. (vjortho.com)
  • Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgical treatment for hip dysplasia , a condition where the hip joint is misaligned. (hss.edu)
  • A significant contribution to the success of knee osteotomy is a thorough understanding of deformity analysis and surgical planning. (aofoundation.org)
  • Traditional deformity analysis and planning with hand drawings is time consuming, especially in cases in which more than one osteotomy is needed like double-level osteotomies. (aofoundation.org)
  • Osteotomy, Le Fort" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • The advantage of using patient specific templates for osteotomy is to predetermine the exact direction and degree of deformity before surgery and to estimate postoperative limb alignment which must mimic the physiologic loading to secure favorable clinical outcome. (easychair.org)
  • Surgery to shift the weight away from the inner knee is one of the most common uses of osteotomy for osteoarthritis. (healthwise.net)
  • Before suggesting an Osteotomy, Joint Reaction prefer to try and control your symptoms with physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication and, possibly, key-hole surgery. (indiahospitaltour.com)
  • Are you looking for information on osteotomy and specialists for the surgery? (primomedico.com)
  • Reciprocal cervical and global changes after ASD surgery have not been previously described in the setting of multilevel osteotomy. (medscape.com)
  • As a result of im- en before culture results were known) transmission of MRSA, which led to plant failure, surgery was repeated in produced little clinical response. (cdc.gov)
  • If it does not, casting or surgery (abductory midfoot osteotomy) is required. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Osteotomy is also used as an alternative treatment to total knee replacement in younger and active patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • Osteotomy is an appropriate treatment for younger, active people with osteoarthritis who are able to delay a total joint replacement. (healthwise.net)
  • All listed doctors and clinics have been reviewed by us for their outstanding specialization in osteotomy and are awaiting your inquiry or treatment request. (primomedico.com)
  • The use of trochanteric slide osteotomy in the treatment of displaced acetabular fractures. (medscape.com)
  • Knee osteotomy is commonly used to realign arthritic damage on one side of the knee. (wikipedia.org)
  • Osteotomies around the knee help to realign the limb, shift the load from the arthritic compartment to the intact compartment, and preserve the joint as an alternative to partial or total joint replacement. (aofoundation.org)
  • Recent research also recommends performing osteotomies in ligament procedures to reduce the risk of revision. (aofoundation.org)
  • Knee osteotomy is used when a patient has early stage osteoarthritis that has damaged only one side of the knee joint. (cun.es)
  • As ideal indication of the osteotomy of knee they are patients with a suitable weight, active, male of less than 60 years or women of less than 55 years and with pain in a single side of the knee. (cun.es)
  • Osteotomy also has disadvantages. (cun.es)
  • For example, pain relief is not as predictable after the osteotomy compared to a partial or total knee replacement. (cun.es)
  • Studies have shown that osteotomy can delay the need for a knee replacement for up to 10 years and this is often enough to keep the knee comfortable until, for example, the patient retires from work. (indiahospitaltour.com)